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Aim: To compare all phenotypes of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) for anthropometrical, hormonal, and metabolic differences according to Rotterdam criteria. Material & Methods: Women with PCOS (Rotterdam definition; n = 127) and women without PCOS used as controls (n = 44). There were four phenotypes of PCOS: 56/127 (44.09%) of the patients were polycystic ovaries on ultrasound (PCO) + oligo or anovulation (O) + biochemical and/or clinical hyperandrogenism (HA), 29/127 (22.84%) were HA+O, 24/127 (18.90%) were PCO+O and 18/127 (14.17%) were HA+PCO. And 42/127 (33.07%) patients represented the new phenotypes (PCO+O and HA+PCO). Phenotypical, hormonal and metabolic parameters were compared between the groups. Results: Waist-to-hip ratio, luteinizing hormone-to-follicle stimulating hormone ratio, testosterone, androstenedione, dehydroepiandrostenedione were lower in women with PCO+O and controls than the other three phenotypes. The highest score regarding hirsutismus was found in the HA+O phenotype and the lowest score in the PCO+O phenotype. Prevalence of metabolic syndrome and degree of insulin resistance in PCO+O phenotype was closer to control subjects than the other three phenotypes. Conclusions: Anthropometrical, hormonal, and metabolic differences suggest that PCO+O phenotype is closer to control group than the other PCOS phenotypes.

Acute mesenteric venous thrombosis is a rare and potentially fatal disease, which often occurs in medically compromised elderly patients. Isolated mesenteric venous thrombosis may be encountered in young women who have underlying hypercoagulable disease. We report a case of mesenteric venous thrombosis in a young pregnant woman in whom protein S deficiency was diagnosed at a later stage. The patient underwent extensive bowel resection. On follow-up she had developed an obstruction on the intestinal anastomosis. The anastomosis was revised, but the patient died of intervening complications 3 months after the operation. Early management of acute mesenteric venous thrombosis relies on early diagnosis, which requires a high index of suspicion. The condition must be considered during evaluation of persistent abdominal pain in pregnant women with hypercoagulable disorder.

The aims of this study were to re-examine left-right asymmetry in pelvic lymph node distribution in patients with gynecologic malignancies and to investigate if there is a left-right asymmetry in pelvic lymph node metastatic involvement by gynecologic cancer cells. The oncologic database of our gynecologic department was reviewed to identify patients who had pelvic lymphadenectomy as part of treatment for a variety of gynecologic malignancies. Right and left lymph node counts with and without involvement of cancer cells were retrieved from the pathological reports. Three hundred and thirteen patients were included in the study. The numbers of external iliac and hypogastric + obturator lymph nodes were higher on the right side than on the left in all gynecologic malignancies. The numbers of involved external iliac and hypogastric + obturator lymph nodes by metastatic cancer cells were significantly higher on the right side than on the left in all gynecologic malignancies. The results suggest the existence of a left-right asymmetry in pelvic lymph node distribution and pelvic lymph node distribution involved by gynecologic cancer cells. This situation may be due to the asymmetry in the number of pelvic lymph nodes. In addition stronger cell-mediated immune activity in the left side of humans may be associated with the blocking of metastatic invasion of cancer cells from gynecologic malignancies in the left side of the body. (authors)

Problem The aim of the study was to investigate and compare the concentrations of interleukin (IL)-2, IL-6, and IL-10 in serum of women with mild pre-eclampsia, severe pre-eclampsia, eclampsia, and normotensive pregnancy. Method of study A total of 69 consecutive cases, 38 mild pre-eclampsia, 20 severe pre-eclampsia, 11 eclampsia, and 20 normotensive controls were included in this study. Serum IL-2, IL-6, and IL-10 levels were determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method. Results Gestational age (P = 0.210) and body mass index (P = 0.214) between the groups were similar. The mean concentration of serum IL-2 and IL-6 were not different between the groups (P = 0.261, P = 0.141 respectively). The median concentrations of serum IL-10 in patients with mild and severe pre-eclampsia were similar (P

A 37-year-old woman was admitted due to vaginal bleeding at 25 weeks of gestation to our gynecology unit. Placenta percreta, which stems from posterior wall of the uterus, forming a mass in Douglas cavity and invading towards right parametrium was clinically diagnosed by exploration. Bilateral internal iliac artery ligation and supracervical hysterectomy could not prevent bleeding. A right radical parametrectomy was necessary to remove invaded parametrium and to control bleeding. The placenta percreta invading parametrium may need an extended hysterectomy procedure. Excess bleeding may be prevented by leaving the placenta in situ during surgery if the placenta percreta is diagnosed before termination of pregnancy, A classical incision may help leaving placenta is situ during operation.

Primary carcinoma of the fallopian tube is a rare gynecologic malignancy. Chronic tubal inflammation is associated with primary carcinoma of the fallopian tube. There are only a few reports on primary carcinoma of the fallopian tube coexisting with tuberculous salpingitis. We are reporting a patient with both the primary carcinoma of the fallopian tube and tuberculous salpingitis, which were detected in bilateral fallopian tubes. The histologic type was serous adenocarcinoma. The patient was treated with total abdominal hysterectomy, bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy, infracolic omentectomy, and bilateral pelvic lymphadenectomy followed by chemotherapy consisting of paclitaxel and cisplatin. She has been alive without evidence of disease for 18 months.

Women colonized with group B Streptococcus (GBS) during pregnancy are at an increased risk of premature delivery and GBS amniotic infection can result in intrauterine death. GBS also infects the newborn. The vaginal flora of a healthy woman is composed of Doderlein bacilli. Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is a clinical condition caused by the replacement of these bacilli with high concentrations of aerobic and anaerobic bacteria. GBS inhibits Lactobacillus species in vitro. The main goal of this study was to assess differences in the vaginal flora of pregnant women and provide a detailed evaluation of vaginal swab for the presence of GBS and other organisms. From January 2002 to February 2003 150 healthy pregnant women were included in the study. Their mean ± S.D. age was 26.1 ± 6.7 years (range 17—45 years) and pregnancy duration was 31.4 ± 5.3 weeks (range 22—40 weeks). Vaginal fluid samples were collected with cotton swabs. The swabs were Gram-stained and placed on appropriate media. Slides were then assessed according to the criteria of Nugent et al. (excerpt)