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Introduction Although several studies have explored craving for certain drugs, there is limited data describing the relationship between alcohol and nicotine craving from a multidimensional perspective among individuals with comorbid nicotine dependence (ND) and alcohol dependence (AD). Methods We compared a group of male patients diagnosed with ND and AD (n = 160) to a group of male patients diagnosed with ND only (n = 235). Smoking- and drinking-related clinical features were measured, including craving levels and the Nicotine Dependence Syndrome Scale (NDSS), which is a multidimensional questionnaire measuring ND. Subsequently, we studied factors that influenced smoking and alcohol craving in the ND and AD group. Results Regarding the NDSS, the sum, priority and tolerance scores were significantly higher in the ND and AD group compared with the ND only group (P

Chromosome 1q contains a few loci for which modest evidence of linkage with schizophrenia has been reported in several independent studies. However, markers showing the peak linkage signal are dispersed over a large chromosomal region. In addition, inconsistent findings have been generated from different populations or different subgroups of the same populations. The purpose of the current study is to determine whether those loci are linked to schizophrenia in the Korean population. We investigated 46 Korean multiplex schizophrenia families, initially using 11 microsatellite markers spanning around 91 cM region of 1p22∼42. In a non-parametric linkage analysis, D1S249 located on 1q32.1 showed statistical evidence suggestive of linkage. At the second stage analysis for narrowing down the region, four additional nearby markers were genotyped. In the single point analysis, we found another suggestive linkage signal at D1S2891. The highest NPL score of 2.67 (P = 0.0039) was obtained in the multi-point analysis. This study provides supportive evidence for linkage of chromosome 1q32 with schizophrenia. © 2006 Wiley-Liss, Inc.