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Background Neuromelanin‐sensitive magnetic resonance imaging techniques have been developed but currently require relatively long scan times. The aim of this study was to assess the ability of black‐blood delay alternating with nutation for tailored excitation‐prepared T1‐weighted variable flip angle turbo spin echo (DANTE T1‐SPACE), which provides relatively high resolution with a short scan time, to visualize neuromelanin in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNpc). Methods Participants comprised 49 healthy controls and 25 patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). Contrast ratios of SNpc and hyperintense SNpc areas, which show pixels brighter than thresholds, were assessed between DANTE T1‐SPACE and T1‐SPACE in healthy controls. To evaluate the diagnostic ability of DANTE T1‐SPACE, the contrast ratios and hyperintense areas were compared between healthy and PD groups, and receiver operating characteristic analyses were performed. We also compared areas under the curve (AUCs) between DANTE T1‐SPACE and the previously reported gradient echo neuromelanin (GRE‐NM) imaging. Each analysis was performed using original images in native space and images transformed into Montreal Neurological Institute space. Values of P, April Infographic: Neuromelanin‐Sensitive Magnetic Resonance Imaging Using DANTE Pulse

BACKGROUND Time-resolved angiography with interleaved stochastic trajectories (TWIST) is a keyhole imaging with frequent sampling of central k-space data and view-sharing for the peripheral k-space of dynamic phases. IT-TWIST is a technique to reconstruct images with a smaller temporal footprint using the same raw data obtained with TWIST by iterative reconstruction. PURPOSE To compare image quality between TWIST and IT-TWIST in 3D pituitary DCE-MRI. STUDY TYPE Retrospective observation study. POPULATION Fifty-one patients (23 men, 28 women) who underwent 3D pituitary DCE-MRI using TWIST between July 2016 and April 2017. FIELD STRENGTH/SEQUENCE 3T/TWIST and IT-TWIST. ASSESSMENT Visual evaluation was conducted for image quality of delineation of the pituitary stalk and posterior lobe during the early arterial phase, cerebral white matter near the sella turcica, and the mass lesion. Bolus sharpness of the pituitary stalk, posterior lobe, and bilateral cavernous sinus was evaluated on the enhancement slope map calculated from TWIST and IT-TWIST. Temporal stability of intensity of the nonenhanced area was evaluated on temporal standard deviation (SD) maps calculated from TWIST and IT-TWIST. STATISTICAL TESTS Paired t-test or Wilcoxon rank-sum test was used to test the differences between TWIST and IT-TWIST in both visual evaluation and region of interest evaluation. RESULTS Scores of visual evaluations for IT-TWIST were significantly better than those for TWIST (P

Alectinib treatment is effective in patients with anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) gene rearrangement‐positive non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC; hereafter ALK‐positive NSCLC) who exhibit central nervous system (CNS) relapse and poor performance status (PS). Lorlatinib treatment is effective upon failure of other ALK inhibitor‐based treatments. However, much remains unknown about the efficacy of lorlatinib in patients with ALK‐positive NSCLC, who have triple problems, carcinomatous meningitis, poor PS, and dysphagia, after alectinib treatment. Here, we report the remarkable response of a 73‐year‐old patient with ALK‐positive NSCLC showing carcinomatous meningitis due to CNS metastases, poor PS, and dysphagia to lorlatinib. Lorlatinib administration through a nasogastric tube alleviated complications related to consciousness within three days, and the patient survived for 16 months after CNS relapse. Lorlatinib could be a treatment option for patients with ALK‐positive NSCLC showing carcinomatous meningitis, poor PS, and dysphagia upon failure of other ALK inhibitor‐based treatments., Here, we report a case where the following were highlighted: (1) lorlatinib may be helpful in consciousness disorders due to central nervous system (CNS) metastases and carcinomatous meningitis; and (2) enteral administration could be considered for patients with anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK)‐positive non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), for whom oral drug administration is not possible. We successfully treated a patient with ALK‐positive NSCLC with triple problems—carcinomatous meningitis, poor performance status (PS), and dysphagia—using a simple suspension method for lorlatinib administration via a nasogastric tube. The patient survived for 16 months after CNS relapse.