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21. Genetic Mechanism of Dolomitization in Fengcheng Formation in the Wu-Xia area of Junggar Basin, China

Author

Zhu Xiaomin, Han Xuefang, You Xincai, Niu Huapeng, Zhu Shifa, and Zhang Yueqian

Subjects
Dolostone, Calcite, geography, geography.geographical_feature_category, Geochemistry, Geology, engineering.material, Diagenesis, Volcanic rock, Paleontology, chemistry.chemical_compound, chemistry, engineering, Dolomitization, Plagioclase, Growth fault, Labradorite
Abstract

The dolomitic rocks of the Fengcheng Formation are considered to be formed under special geologic conditions, and are significant hydrocarbon reservoir rocks in the Wu-Xia area in the Junggar Basin. Analyses of petrologic characteristics and stable isotope composition indicate that the dolomitizing host rock is volcanic and the dolomitizing fluids probably consists of brine from shore-shallow lakes with great evaporation and salinity in the Fengcheng Formation, which have formed under arid climatic conditions, as well as residual Mg-rich seawater from the underlying Jiamuhe Formation and Carboniferous. Dust tuff in the area has significant plagioclase content. Anorthite and labradorite hydrolysis by CO2 can be coupled with calcite precipitation. Late Mg-rich brine percolated and replaced calcite formed in the early time, which lead to precipitate dolostones with different occurrences, such as graniphyric, random bedded or lumpy. The diagenetic dolostones with different occurrences resulting from particular formation conditions occurred in different tectonic settings. The dolomitizing fluid has been driven by the thermal convection flow generated by volcanic eruptions. At the same time, the overthrusts of the Wu-Xia growth fault have speeded up the flow of deep Mg-rich water upwards, and induced the water to quickly penetrate and horizontally migrate in the strata. Fracture is the major and the most important reservoir space in dolomitic reservoir of the Fengcheng Formation. Fracture and fault plays a decisive role in controlling the formation of dolostone and the distribution of favorable reservoirs. The deliverability of oil and gas is determined by the development and match relations of dissolved pores and fractures to a certain degree.

Published
2012
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22. Seismic Facies in a Deepwater Area of a Marine Faulted Basin: Deepwater Area of the Paleogene Lingshui Formation in the Qiongdongnan Basin

Author

Zhu Xiaomin, Chen Huan-qing, Zhang Qin, Zhang Gongcheng, and Zhang Xilin

Subjects
geography, River delta, geography.geographical_feature_category, Geology, Structural basin, Paleontology, Waves and shallow water, Source rock, Facies, Sedimentary rock, Paleogene, Geomorphology, Isopach map
Abstract

In recent years, deep water areas have become popular exploration fields because of their abundant hydrocarbon resource potential. There are only relatively poor planar seismic profiles and no wells for deepwater areas of the Lingshui Formation in the Qiongdongnan Basin. A lot of faults developed and strata are fragmented due to high temperatures and high pressure, and this has resulted in dim sequence boundaries. Based on seismic data of the deepwater area and well data of bordering shallow water areas, Lingshui Formation was divided into four third class sequences; namely SI, SII, SIII and SIV, and the three-dimensional isochronous stratigraphic framework of the Lingshui Formation in the studied area was shaped. Based mainly on seismic attributes such as amplitude, continuity, internal structure and external shape, six typical seismic facies were identified, including mat-shaped, filling, wedge-shaped, foreset, moundy-shaped and lenticular-shaped, and a seismic facies distribution map was subsequently drawn. With studies on wells of bordering shallow water areas, regional sedimentary characteristics, and isopach map as references, sedimentary planar distribution features were analyzed. The deepwater area of the Lingshui Formation has mainly developed littoral and shallow sea. Sandstone bodies of fan delta, braided river delta, slope fan, basin floor fan, and turbidite fan are at an interdigitate junction to marine hydrocarbon source rocks and thus are favorable prospecting targets.

Published
2012
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24. Diagenesis and Their Succession of Gas-bearing and Non-gas-bearing Reservoirs in the Sulige Gas Field of Ordos Basin, China

Author

Zhu Xiaomin, Zhong Dakang, Han Xuefang, and Liu Chenlin

Subjects
Lithology, Geochemistry, Geology, Cementation (geology), Feldspar, Diagenesis, Sedimentary depositional environment, Natural gas field, Source rock, visual_art, Facies, visual_art.visual_art_medium, Geomorphology
Abstract

Comparisons have been made among lithology, diagenesis, and reservoir characteristics of gas-bearing and non-gas-bearing ones in the Sulige gas field of the Ordos Basin based on the laboratory analysis of thin sections, scanning electron microscope, and liquid inclusion of the reservoirs. The reservoirs of the Sulige gas field are now in the middle stage of diagenesis and have undergone compaction, cementation and dissolution. The secondary pore of the reservoir originated from the dissolution of the feldspar and tuff because of the organic acid action from the source rocks during the diagenetic middle stage. Gas-bearing reservoirs are common in soluble pore diagenetic facies of coarse detritus quartzose sandstone, whereas non-gas-bearing ones are common in tense compaction diagenetic facies of mud-bearing medium-fine detritus quartzose sandstone and residual intergranular pore diagenetic facies of mud-bearing medium-coarse detritus quartzose sandstone. The secondary pore is developed in gas-bearing reservoirs of the Sulige gas-field as the medium-coarse grain reservoirs formed in a powerful sedimentary environment and experienced strong dissolution. However, the sediments of fine grain size form the non-gas-bearing reservoirs because of less residual primary pore and secondary pore.

Published
2009
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