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This paper experimentally validates a fully digitalized active gate driver for suppressing the switching surge voltage of SiC MOSFETs in a boost converter. High‐voltage power conversion systems are expected to adopt SiC unipolar power devices utilizing their high‐speed switching capability. The high‐speed switching operation causes the switching surge voltage in its switching transient. Active gate driving is a key technology for suppressing it. A fully digitalized active gate driver is particularly focused upon, which freely shaped the output gate‐source voltage waveform by a multi‐bit gate control signal. This driver achieves the dynamical control of the voltage/current behaviours of MOSFET in the switching transient by taking the Miller effect into account. It contributes to suppressing the switching surge voltage. This paper applies this digital active gate driver to a high voltage power conversion circuit. The switching surge voltage is experimentally suppressed by slew rate control with the digital active gate driver for various operating conditions. The results clarify the control strategy of the digital active gate driver for SiC MOSFET in a power conversion circuit. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Industry 4.0 refers to the digital transformation in the manufacturing domain through new technology. Currently, it expands well beyond manufacturing, affecting many areas of life and posing implications for all types of business. This paper focuses on the relationships between Industry 4.0 and Healthcare which transitions to increased interconnectivity, automation and smart decision making. The integration context of Industry 4.0 into Healthcare is only partly understood. Little was done until now to consolidate what is known on the integration benefits and the challenges. This article reports results of a systematic mapping study that analysed 69 papers to extract knowledge about the concepts of Industry 4.0 and the emerging Healthcare 4.0., and the relationships between them. We found 10 different perspectives of Healthcare 4.0, ranging from strategic to tactical and operational levels. Next, our results show: (i) nine applications of Industry 4.0 in the Healthcare domain: Augmented Reality and Simulation, Autonomous Robotics, Cybersecurity, Big Data Analytics, Internet of Things, Cloud Computing, Additive Manufacturing and Systems Integration; and (ii) 10 benefits and nine challenges in Healthcare 4.0. The most frequently mentioned benefits are patients' diagnosis, monitoring, treatment, and financial benefits. The most researched challenges are data fragmentation, heterogeneity, complexity, and privacy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Currently, the digital transformation of the provisioning of IT consulting services to clients forces many companies to reinvent their business models. While the importance of digital transformation is well recognised, very little has been done until now to closely examine the concepts characterising this phenomenon in the domain of IT consulting. This paper aims at mapping out what is currently known in scientific literature about the digitalisation of IT consulting service provisioning and its characterising concepts and approaches. Analysing 20 selected articles, we identified 10 concepts characterising the digital IT consulting and 14 areas considered to be candidates for inclusion in the design of digital IT consulting services. Moreover, we found only one approach to the digitalisation of service provisioning that was empirically evaluated. We conclude that (i) the digital transformation is multifaceted and characterised through many aspects; (ii) digital IT consulting services are primarily explored from business perspective, while research of stakeholders' needs, technical requirements, and designs of relevant artefacts is scarce; (iii) while individual solutions and practices that worked in real‐world contexts are reported, very little empirical evaluation was done. Finally, we reflected on the limitations and on the theoretical and practical implications of this work. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper introduces the special issue on accounting and accountability for the digital transformation of public services. Papers in special issues offer different perspectives on how digital technologies affect performance management, considering the challenges and opportunities that arise when digital data are collected and translated into a set of measures, the complexity of relying on these digital data to enhance transparency and accountability, and the organizational implications of digital data when used to support public‐sector decision makers in a variety of activities, such as auditing or benchmarking. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: To guide good practices in patient and public involvement (PPI), several calls have been made to share detailed accounts of practical experiences. We describe our collaboration with young people with a chronic condition (YPCC) in the development, testing and implementation of the digital communication tool MyBoT (Map your Burden of Treatment). Methods: MyBoT was developed by a team of academic researchers, some of whom were practising care providers, YPCC and designers. In addition to the two co‐researchers in the research team, various groups of YPCC were involved in decision‐making through participation in a design session, workshops and a dialogue session. The Involvement Matrix was used to reflect on the PPI of all YPCC. Results: Initially, the two co‐researchers were involved in the roles of informer and co‐thinker, but their decision‐making power within the study increased over time. In the final stages of the study, the co‐researchers and researchers became partners. The other YPCC who participated in the different sessions and workshops were co‐thinkers in all stages of the study. Conclusion: The PPI of two YPCCs as co‐researchers within the research team ensured continuous involvement, whereas the PPI of various groups of YPCCs guaranteed a representative and inclusive approach. Researchers play an essential role in bringing all perspectives together, integrating them within the technical and financial constraints and ultimately building a tool that is tailored to its users' needs. Patient or Public Contribution: YPCC played a significant role in the present study. Two YPCC—who are also co‐authors of this paper—were involved in all stages of this project as members of the research team. In addition, various YPCCs were involved in the development, testing and implementation stage of MyBoT by organizing design sessions, workshops and a dialogue session. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Enterprises need to innovate business strategies to deal with the negative effects of low‐carbon development, among which digital transformation is an important breakthrough technology. This paper discusses the impact of low‐carbon development on enterprises' digital transformation. Theoretical analysis shows that environmental regulations driven by low‐carbon development have the compensatory effect of stimulating enterprise digital transformation to mitigate misallocation of capital and labor, especially for enterprises with higher productivity. In addition, both the construction of network infrastructure and the development of digital finance can strengthen the incentives for enterprises' digital transformation. The empirical tests based on Chinese A‐share listed enterprises show that the degree of enterprises' digital transformation increases by 0.0122 standard deviation for every one standard deviation reduction in regional carbon emission intensity. These results deepen the understanding of the relationship between green development and microenterprise digitalization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Digital technology is regarded as providing a promising means of moving production and consumption towards the circular economy. However, it is still unclear which functions of digital technologies are most useful to improving circularity, and how these functions could be used to enhance different circular economy strategies. This paper aims to address this knowledge gap by conducting a systematic literature review. After examining 174 papers, creating 782 original codes and 259 second‐round codes, the study identifies 13 critical functions of digital technologies which are most relevant to circular economy strategies. The paper then proposes a framework which reveals seven mechanisms of how these digital functions can enhance different circular economy strategies. The framework also reveals which combinations of the digital functions and circular economy strategies have already been studied extensively as well as where there may be gaps. This indicates which digital functions are more mature in terms of possible implementation for circular economy as well as what missing links there are in the empirical and theoretical research. The study advances the synergies between digital technologies and the circular economy paradigm through the lens of digital functions. The proposed framework and mechanisms build a theoretical foundation for future research, and we highlight five research areas for further studies. This study also provides a structured way for managers to explore the appropriate digital functions for their CE strategies, so as to identify required digital technologies and new value creation through digital functions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Digital technology and artificial intelligence technology have built an open sharing environment of intellectualization. For start‐ups, which are restricted by their own limited resources, it is wise to take inbound open innovation as a strategy to get external advanced technical information quickly. However, how to match technology resources obtained from outside with the organisation's demand is still a problem for entrepreneurial teams and entrepreneurial researchers. Based on the literature review of existing research and considering entrepreneurial teams' demand to deal with the challenges, this paper firstly analyses the relationship between entrepreneurial teams' inbound open innovation strategy and the innovative use of information technology by individuals in teams of start‐ups and based on the Identity Theory to explore the mechanism of IT identity on the relationship mentioned above. Lastly, the paper further analyses two types of team authorisation (structural empowerment and psychological empowerment) that play different moderating roles in the relationship of inbound open innovation, IT identity and the innovative use of information technology by individuals in teams. Using 238 survey data from entrepreneurial teams with linear regression analysis, we found that IT identity moderates the relationship between inbound open innovation and individual new IT technology exploration positively, and team psychological empowerment has further moderated the relationship between inbound open innovation and the innovative use of information technology by individuals in teams positively, while team structure empowerment plays an inverted U‐shaped moderation. This study has certain guiding significance for entrepreneurial teams to take advantage of digitalised opportunities, and it also has important value for innovation and digitalisation research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Facial emotion recognition (FER) represents a significant outcome of the rapid advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) technology. In today's digital era, the ability to decipher emotions from facial expressions has evolved into a fundamental mode of human interaction and communication. As a result, FER has penetrated diverse domains, including but not limited to medical diagnosis, customer feedback analysis, the automation of automobile driver systems, and the evaluation of student comprehension. Furthermore, it has matured into a captivating and dynamic research field, capturing the attention and curiosity of contemporary scholars and scientists. The primary objective of this paper is to provide an exhaustive review of FER systems. Its significance goes beyond offering a comprehensive resource; it also serves as a valuable guide for emerging researchers in the FER domain. Through a meticulous examination of existing FER systems and methodologies, this review equips them with essential insights and guidance for their future research pursuits. Moreover, this comprehensive review contributes to the expansion of their knowledge base, facilitating a profound understanding of this rapidly evolving field. In a world increasingly dependent on technology for communication and interaction, the study of FER holds a pivotal role in human‐computer interaction (HCI). It not only provides valuable insights but also unlocks a multitude of possibilities for future innovations and applications. As we continue to integrate AI and facial emotion recognition into our daily lives, the importance of comprehending and enhancing FER systems becomes increasingly evident. This paper serves as a stepping stone for researchers, nurturing their involvement in this exciting and ever‐evolving field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to solve the huge impact of the digital information age on many technical and industrial fields, a periodic fast search genetic algorithm is proposed. Based on the reconnaissance mission, this paper introduces the common allocation strategy into mission planning, and constructs the mathematical model of multi unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) cooperative reconnaissance mission planning decision‐making. The proposed periodic fast search genetic algorithm is used to solve the problem of multi UAV cooperative reconnaissance mission planning. In 2020, the industry growth rate of global UAV technology expenditure was as high as 30.6%, and the compound growth rate of UAV in China reached 63.5%, which is enough to see the great prospect of the integrated development of UAV technology and different industries. The experiment evaluates the log verification module of UAV by comparing the two data structures of Merkle tree and linear, and the time and memory overhead of storing and verifying logs, which shows the effectiveness of the log verification scheme in this paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: In response to issues identified by community healthcare professionals (HCPs), including difficulty in routinely recording electrocardiograms (ECGs) at the time of their assessments with the population of patients referred to as 'housebound', one National Health Service (NHS) Trust adopted the mobile ECG technology; KardiaMobile™, supported by the Academic Health and Science Network (AHSN), in 2017–2018. The use and uptake of this technology were evaluated and are reported in this paper. Methods: A cross‐sectional, mixed‐methods online survey was conducted from August 2021 to October 2021. The respondents were a convenience sample of HCPs using KardiaMobile™ to detect atrial fibrillation (AF) with their patients; all were employed by one, predominantly rural NHS trust. Descriptive methods were used to analyse the quantitative data, whilst a reflexive approach to thematic analysis was chosen to analyse the qualitative data (Braun & Clarke, 2019, Qualitative Research in Sport, Exercise and Health, 11, 589). Results: A total of 33 surveys were completed, with a response rate of 8.8%. All respondents recognised the potential value of KardiaMobile™ for their work. Nineteen respondents (57.6%) reported having a shared understanding of the purpose of KardiaMobile™. Nineteen respondents (57.6%) agreed sufficient training and resources are provided to enable staff to implement KardiaMobile™. Qualitative data analysis found four overarching themes, with six sub‐themes. Conclusion: KardiaMobile™ is a feasible means to detect AF in higher‐risk patients, particularly those living remotely or classed as 'housebound'. Respondents in this survey indicated a desire for further training and input on the appropriate use of digital and mobile devices for AF care in a community setting. Incomplete integration of device‐collected heart rhythm data into the patient electronic health record was identified as a barrier to greater adoption of digital health devices for community HCPs. No Patient or Public Contribution: Not required as it is a service evaluation from the perspective of HCPs using KardiaMobile™ technology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Improving total factor productivity (TFP) is essential to achieving high‐quality and sustainable economic development. The existing literature mainly focuses on the impact of traditional infrastructure on TFP but generally ignores the role of new digital infrastructure in TFP and does not test impact mechanisms and whether there is heterogeneity in effects. Using panel data of 30 regions in China from 2006 to 2017, this paper analyzes the impact of new digital infrastructure on TFP and its mechanisms. The results are as follows: (1) New digital infrastructure can significantly improve regional TFP. After the robustness test, the results still support the findings. (2) New digital infrastructure can promote technological innovation, optimize factor allocation, and achieve economies of scale, thus improving TFP. (3) Further analysis shows that the positive effect of new digital infrastructure on TFP shows significant heterogeneity. In regions with high economic development levels, high research and development (R&D) levels, and high traditional infrastructure development levels, the positive effect of new digital infrastructure on TFP is more obvious. These findings not only enrich the literature on digital infrastructure and economic growth but also serve as a reference for governmental departments as they optimize their strategy for developing digital infrastructure and realizing sustainable economic development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Globally, it is estimated that one in three adults live with two or more long‐term conditions (multiple long‐term conditions, MLTCs), that require self‐management. People who experience socioeconomic deprivation face significant health inequalities due to a range of interrelated characteristics that lead to a lack of resources and opportunities. Previous research with underserved populations indicate low levels of trust towards primary care providers and potential barriers for developing patient‐healthcare professional relationships. The purpose of this paper is to explore the barriers and facilitators to self‐managing MLTCs, amongst people who experience socioeconomic deprivation. Methods: Semistructured one‐to‐one interviews with adults (n = 28) living in London and Sheffield, United Kingdom with MLTCs who are experiencing socioeconomic deprivation. Participants were recruited through general practices, community channels and social media. Data were analysed in NVivo using reflexive thematic analysis methods. Findings: Four analytical themes were developed: (1) challenges in accessing healthcare services, financial assistance, and cultural awareness; (2) empowerment and disempowerment through technology, including digital exclusion, and use of technology; (3) impact and causes of exclusion on self‐management, including social isolation, area‐based and economic exclusion, and health‐related stigma and (4) adapting self‐management strategies, including cost‐effective, and culturally/lifestyle appropriate strategies. Conclusions: Future health interventions and services need to be developed with consideration of the combined complexities of managing MLTCs while experiencing socioeconomic deprivation. Increased awareness in practitioners and commissioners of the complexities surrounding the lives of people experiencing socioeconomic deprivation, and the need for targeted strategies to promote self‐management of MLTCs are of great importance. Patient or Public Contribution: A patient advisory group contributed to all stages of the study, including providing important feedback on study documents (topic guides and recruitment materials), as well as providing critical insights surrounding the interpretation of interview data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper explores the understudied question of how the number of product features that a digital platform complementor adds to a product is associated with its performance. Specifically, by integrating consumer behaviour literature into platform research, this paper focuses on three key performance dimensions considered as important for digital platform complementors. Considering the distinctive characteristics of digital platforms, this paper conceptualizes how additional features affect consumer acquisition, consumer retention, and product monetization of a digital platform complementor. This research question is empirically examined in the context of a health and fitness mobile platform in the US Apple iOS App Store, and the panel data analyses are complemented with a randomized online experiment to mitigate endogeneity concerns and lend further credence to the findings. This paper enhances platform research by unravelling an underexplored yet essential topic—how many features a digital platform complementor should include to achieve superior performance and by distinguishing among various key performance measurements on digital platforms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper reviews the evolution of Interactive Management, later referred to as Structured Democratic Dialogue, starting from the early 1970s up to this date. The authors propose a generational classification scheme consisting of five periods based primarily on whether some or all stages of the process were implemented synchronously or asynchronously and whether the participants' presence was physical, virtual or hybrid. Other aspects such as modifications in the steps of the process; the evolution of the software; domains of applications; file management; methods of collecting or recording contributions, votes, clarifications and preparation of reports; and key players are also considered and reported within the context of the primary scheme. The paper considers key advances achieved at each generational stage in terms of process or software, discusses associated challenges and concludes with a view towards the future of the emerging fifth generation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The time‐interleaved analog‐to‐digital converter (TIADC) system could achieve high sampling rate effectively, but the frequency response inconsistency among channels will introduce frequency response mismatches, which will seriously degrade the signal quality. In this paper, a novel multi‐channel frequency response mismatches adaptive calibration method is proposed. The frequency response of the compensation filter is expanded into a polynomial of a digital differentiator, and the least mean square adaptive strategy is used to calibrate frequency response mismatches. It does not require measuring the channel frequency responses in advance and uses digital post‐processing technology to effectively compensate the frequency response of the multi‐channel TIADC system and improve the spurious‐free dynamic range. The experimental results verify the effectiveness of the algorithm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper reviews state‐of‐the‐art numerical tools for the operation and maintenance (O&M) of offshore wind farms, focusing on decision support models for maintenance scheduling and the consideration of human and environmental uncertainty. In this review, various factors that can influence the successful conduct of maintenance operations will be examined and special attention will be paid to the most significant ones. Data‐driven technologies for improved offshore asset management are also examined and the most used data‐driven methods for modeling and optimizing turbine operation and maintenance are presented. A focus will be placed on the choice of maintenance strategy, which is the basis for the planning of operations and thus the optimization problem discussed. As offshore maintenance is a complex operation whose efficiency and safety depend on human and environmental factors, special attention will be paid to the planning strategy that minimizes the risks involved while maximizing efficiency by considering these factors. The choice of planning technique for turbine maintenance and better consideration of uncertainties are crucial areas of improvement as they can lead to better overall efficiency, higher profit margins, better safety, and improved sustainability of offshore wind farms. The paper covers the application of digital technologies for offshore wind O&M planning and the associated challenges. The paper also highlights the various environmental and human factors to be considered for the operation and maintenance of wind turbines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Loneliness is a major public health concern, particularly during pandemics such as Covid. It is extremely common, and it poses a major risk to human health. Technological solutions including social media, robots, and virtual reality have been advocated and implemented to relieve loneliness, and their use will undoubtedly increase in the near future. This paper explores the use of technological solutions from a normative perspective, asking whether and to what extent such measures should indeed be relied upon. The conclusion is that technological solutions are unquestionably part of the solution to loneliness, but that they cannot and should not constitute the whole solution. It is important to note that this is not a straw‐man argument, as several organizations and scholars have strictly focused on such technological solutions for loneliness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

New circular business models can evolve at all stages of the life cycle of a product. Digitalisation can drive disruptive innovations, new business models and novel ways of collaboration and thus can accelerate the economic transition to more resource‐efficient and circular production systems. Yet, there is little empirical research on the enabling role of digitalisation for a circular economy. To address this gap, this paper investigates the role of digitalisation in facilitating circular business models, based on the empirical analysis of a data set of 599 German manufacturing firms and 296 industrial service providers. While relatively few German firms rely on new business models to foster their resource efficiency strategy, we find this share higher for companies with a strong digital focus in the manufacturing sector. This suggests that digitalisation can indeed be a driving force for the implementation of circular business models. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Digital technologies (DTs), such as the Internet of Things, big data, artificial intelligence, or blockchain, are considered as enablers for a more sustainable and circular economy. So far, literature on these topics has mostly focused on specific DTs and subareas of sustainable product management (SPM). The aim of this paper is to provide a more comprehensive overview of current and potential examples of DT applications in SPM (e.g., product design/assessment, supply chain management, and business models). The collected examples (n = 146) were analyzed based on a systematic literature review, using quantitative and qualitative content analysis. Deductive and inductive analyses of the examples revealed the potential of DTs in terms of their usability along the product life cycle, their role as enablers for circular economy strategies and in specific SPM activities. DT application often entails only incremental improvements, for example, increased efficiency of existing processes, with more radical forms of improvement remaining relatively scarce. There is clear room for greater adoption and optimization of DTs, in various areas of SPM, so as to accelerate the transition towards a more sustainable and circular economy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Creative thinking is desirable in many professions. This article reports new research that followed a design science approach to develop and investigate a co‐creative tool called Sport Sparks in one profession – the coaching of professional football players. In response to a coach entering a text description of a coaching challenge (e.g., struggling to maintain the fitness of an athlete) into the tool, the tool automatically generated potentially novel ideas (e.g., reducing game time and changing their nutrition) that the coach could select and/or adapt and evolve into a simple action plan (e.g., which links nutrition to increased game time). This Sport Sparks tool was designed to be an example of human‐centred artificial intelligence that aspires to empower humans, to deliver high levels of human control as well as automation, and empower people rather than emulate their expertise. It was engineered with rule‐based reasoning to automate the generation of potential new ideas that coaches could select and refine during interactions which provide high user control over this automation. The potential of such a co‐creative tool, and value of the guidelines, were demonstrated during the tool's evaluation by coaching practitioners at a Premier League football club. The practitioners used the tool to generate new ideas to coaching challenges, and reported evidence of different forms of creative thinking, although some also reported the need for more support for creative collaborations and solution planning. The paper ends by discussing future directions for both the Sport Sparks tool and other co‐creative AI tools. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper seeks to shed light on the relationship between firm digitalization and the likelihood of launching sustainable innovations (social and environmental, social only, and environmental only), for which the extant research has provided a paucity of evidence. In detail, the role of digitalization is considered in terms of (i) the specific effect of a given digital technology (DT)—among artificial intelligence, cloud computing, robotics, smart devices, big data analytics, high speed infrastructure, and blockchain—and (ii) the effect of the concurrent adoption of multiple DTs (degree of digitalization). Furthermore, the paper assesses if and how the effect of the degree of digitalization is moderated by the implementation of sustainability practices, as the two issues are often treated independently. Research questions are proposed instead of hypotheses. Econometric analysis to answer proposed questions is based on a sample of 14,125 firms, whose information is gathered from the survey Flash Eurobarometer 486. Results reveal that each DT differently affects the likelihood of launching sustainable innovations, while the degree of digitalization is always beneficial. Moreover, it appears that firm digitalization and the adoption of sustainability practices are not complementary. All in all, this paper helps to illuminate current representations of the interplay between digitalization, sustainability practices, and sustainable innovations at the firm level, with implications for research, managerial practice, and policymaking. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The intelligent sensing system is the digital basis for zero‐carbon park operation. Due to the immaturity of its cost‐benefit accounting method and the lack of a special construction mode evaluation system, there is blindness in its investment and construction process. In order to select the suitable construction mode for the intelligent sensing system scientifically and effectively, this paper first establishes the architecture of the intelligent sensing system, and determines a cost‐benefit accounting method of the intelligent sensing system. Then, this paper establishes a construction mode evaluation index system including techno‐economic indicators, and proposes a fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method combing analytic hierarchy process and the decision‐making trial and evaluation laboratory to select the optimal construction mode. The numerical analyses show that the public‐private‐partnership mode of the intelligent sensing system has achieved ideal implementation results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Prosocial P2P lending platforms are a novel and powerful example of a digital social innovation (DSI) in which the operating model relies primarily on digital technologies and the overarching focus is on the "social" aspect of the innovation. These platforms establish a virtual connection between low‐income individuals and lenders, helping the former access loans at low rates of interest. In realising their mission of fighting poverty, prosocial P2P lending platforms maintain a challenging hybrid – online and offline – focus. This paper explores how prosocial P2P lending platforms enact their hybrid orientation. It draws on an inductive qualitative study of Rang De, India's first prosocial P2P lending platform. The analysis highlights five clusters of actions: digital attention‐building, digital credibility‐building, digital empathy‐building, intermediary relationship‐building, and borrower relationship‐building. The paper argues that significant strengths on the online side help establish a sustainable business model. A willingness and commitment to maintain a high degree of engagement with the complex offline world of low‐income borrowers helps develop the model as an impactful social innovation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines the importance of sustainability within firms' strategic goals and its links with innovation in the context of micro‐businesses. Micro‐businesses provide an appropriate context for investigating this relationship because, while they tend to prioritize social and environmental goals, they are also more likely to confront resource constraints that can restrict their capability to innovate. Building on goal‐setting theory and the resource‐based view (RBV) of the firm, we explore under what conditions established micro‐businesses that prioritize sustainability goals are more likely to innovate. Using novel survey data on 4649 established micro‐businesses in the UK, we examine the enabling role of digital technologies. Our results suggest that owner‐managers who prioritize sustainability goals are significantly more likely to generate new product and process innovations. Moreover, we find that this effect is stronger when micro‐businesses adopt digital technologies. Digital technologies enhance the capabilities of micro‐businesses, strengthening the connection between sustainability goals and product and process innovation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Digital Disruption (DD) has become a hot topic in recent years, yet detailed research is surprisingly lacking. The literature offers almost no insights into how DD occurs at the industry level and what industry factors influence it. This paper advances knowledge of DD by developing and testing a configurational theory. Using a multi‐method research design, we identify two types of DD and four industry factors (downstream DD, digitally enabled structural conflict, transferability of core competitive elements, and industry player size) that contingently lead to the different types of DD. We integrate those findings into a configurational theory that describes causal recipes of how these factors or conditions combine to produce the outcome of transformational DD and destructive DD. The theory offers important implications for researchers and practitioners. The research also contributes methodologically by demonstrating the merits of combining grounded theory with qualitative comparative analysis (QCA) to expand the theory‐building potential of QCA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although research has shown that leveraging technologies and creating a new organisational identity are critical to staying competitive in a digital business environment, these assumptions have focused mainly on operational performance and exclude the impact on the workplace and employees. The challenge of attracting employees in the context of digital transformation is leading organisations to explore drivers of commitment. Further research is needed into the key factors that bind employees to an organisation. This study seeks to advance knowledge on this individual frontier by proposing a model in which digital leadership and a continuous learning environment mediate the impact of digital transformation capabilities on organisational commitment. Testing our model through an empirical study from Spain shows an effect of both mediators. The paper thus contributes to the IS literature by identifying two mediators and their role in achieving organisational commitment. These results also suggest a new way to approach research in digital transformation by opening a new frontier on the individual level and charting a path for future study. Moreover, the results have great practical value, generating implications for organisations and new avenues of future research to explore the boundary conditions of the individual frontier. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An editorial is presented, in which the author discusses various changes to be adopted by the periodical. It mentions African Journal of Ecology encourages authors to share the data and other artifacts supporting the results in the paper by archiving it in an appropriate public repository. it also mentions plan of changing print publication to digital publishing.

The rapidly advancing field of digital health technologies provides a great opportunity to radically transform the way clinical trials are conducted and to shift the clinical trial paradigm from a site‐centric to a patient‐centric model. Merck's (Kenilworth, NJ) digitally enabled clinical trial initiative is focused on introduction of digital technologies into the clinical trial paradigm to reduce patient burden, improve drug adherence, provide a means of more closely engaging with the patient, and enable higher quality, faster, and more frequent data collection. This paper will describe the following four key areas of focus from Merck's digitally enabled clinical trials initiative, along with corresponding enabling technologies: (i) use of technologies that can monitor and improve drug adherence (smart dosing), (ii) collection of pharmacokinetic (PK), pharmacodynamic (PD), and biomarker samples in an outpatient setting (patient‐centric sampling), (iii) use of digital devices to collect and measure physiological and behavioral data (digital biomarkers), and (iv) use of data platforms that integrate digital data streams, visualize data in real‐time, and provide a means of greater patient engagement during the trial (digital platform). Furthermore, this paper will discuss the synergistic power in implementation of these approaches jointly within a trial to enable better understanding of adherence, safety, efficacy, PK, PD, and corresponding exposure‐response relationships of investigational therapies as well as reduced patient burden for clinical trial participation. Obstacle and challenges to adoption and full realization of the vision of patient‐centric, digitally enabled trials will also be discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Author disambiguation has been a key component of scientific communication since the mid‐19th century, and now more than ever. This paper discusses the use of ORCID as a digital identity platform in Social Sciences and Humanities, by analysing the adoption of ORCID in the Faculty of Arts and Humanities of the University of Porto using a manual‐qualitative method. The results show a discrepancy between the use of ORCID as an ID and as an author record. Even though 90.4% of the sample studied had an ORCID iD, the records were found to be incomplete for disambiguation purposes. The 'Also known as' field was used by only 31% of the 170 profiles analysed, less than half of the profiles had completed the 'Country' field and the 'Peer review' field is hardly used. An important finding is the inconsistency in affiliation information recorded in the 'Employment' field. We verified that keeping profiles updated and complete requires interoperability and the role of ORCID‐trusted organizations, such as the FCT in Portugal. In conclusion, it was found that a university's institutional strategy, the organizational culture and a mediation process will help improve the correct adoption of ORCID. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The implementation of digital transformation programs requires careful allocation of software developers to a variety of digital products and services with different levels of modularity. This paper investigates how deadline orientation (an individual‐level preference of developers for completing work close to deadlines) and architectural modularity (a characteristic of products) influence central outcomes in software development. We argue that architectural modularity positively interacts with deadline orientation to influence software quality and the job satisfaction of developers. Our empirical analyses, using rare and high‐quality data from 131 software developers and 29 product owners working at a captive software development center in India of a leading global software firm, confirm our hypotheses. We contribute to the literature on software development by showing that the fit between the technological characteristics of the software product (i.e., architectural modularity) and people factors (i.e., the temporal work style preferences of developers) plays an important role in shaping both software quality and job satisfaction. Our study has wider implications for the literature on software development, temporal work styles, and architectural modularity. It is instructive for practitioners tasked with hiring or allocating software developers for software products with varying technological characteristics in their digital transformation efforts. Highlights: The success of digital transformation efforts often requires the development of new software in a quick and iterative manner with high quality and the ability to retain software developers through high job satisfaction.The study considers two key factors in software development: deadline orientation, defined as the preference for doing work shortly before deadlines versus an alternative approach of doing most of the work either upfront or with a steady pace throughout, and software modularity.The study finds that ensuring a fit between developers' deadline orientation and software modularity is important, as deadline‐oriented developers will produce higher‐quality software and will be more satisfied with their job in regard to software with high architectural modularity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The micro turbine engine (MTE) plays a vital role in the aerospace sector. However, traditional research and design models no longer suffice to accommodate the highly complex operating conditions of the MTE. Therefore, this paper briefly analyzes the concept and development process of digital twin technology and integrates it into the research and design of the MTE. This integration takes into account the recent leapfrog developments in information technology and digital intelligence technology. Utilizing digital twin technology to model the core components of the MTE allows for effective structural optimization, online monitoring, and timely problem detection in support of extending the overall lifespan of the engine. Multiple algorithms are used throughout the development, design, and usage phases of each component to merge into a cohesive whole, providing robust support for the MTE's overall development, production, and manufacturing. Digital twin technology facilitates accurate performance prediction, reliability evaluation, and advanced design optimization for the MTE. This, in turn, reduces the design cycle and research design cost more effectively. Lastly, we propose the future application and development trend of digital twin technology in the core components of the MTE. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recently, digital health technologies (DHTs) and digital biomarkers have gained a lot of traction in clinical investigations, motivating sponsors, investigators, and regulators to discuss and implement integrated approaches for deploying DHTs. These new tools present new and unique challenges for optimal technology integration in clinical trial processes, including operational, ethical, and regulatory issues. In this paper, we gathered different perspectives to discuss challenges and perspectives from three different stakeholders: industry, US regulators, and a public‐private partnership consortium. The complexities of DHT implementation, which include regulatory definitions, defining the scope of validation experiments, and the need for partnerships between BioPharma and the technology sectors, are highlighted. Most of these challenges are related to translation of DHT‐derived measures into endpoints that are meaningful to clinicians and patients, participant safety, training, and retention and privacy of data. The example of the Wearable Assessments in the Clinic and Home in PD (WATCH‐PD) study is discussed as an example that demonstrated the advantages of pre‐competitive collaborations, which include early regulatory feedback, data sharing, and multistakeholder alignment. Future advances in DHTs are expected to spur device‐agnostic measured development and incorporate patient reported outcomes in drug development. More efforts are needed to define validation experiments for a defined context of use, incentivize data sharing and development of data standards. Multistakeholder collaborations via precompetitive consortia will help facilitate broad acceptance of DHT‐enabled measures in drug development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the aluminum sector as well as in the manufacture of semi‐finished products, there are numerous industrial examples for combinations of casting and forming processes. In the past, the processes usually were considered separately. However, with the development of digital technologies, it has recently become possible to jointly simulate casting and forging processes and set up continuous process simulations. In the manufacturing of steel components, such a combination is not known industrially. The present paper describes a forged steel component based on a cast preform. To predict the expected properties, the necessary simulations were linked, whereby the focus of the investigations is on the principle feasibility and methodology of such a combination. Based on the conditions assumed in the simulations, test components were manufactured. The simulation results, especially voids and porosity were compared with the real components. In addition, the microstructure of the components was investigated. Approaches for further investigations and the improvement of the combined simulation are presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The ongoing transformation of supreme audit institutions (SAIs) external environment is changing the demands and expectations of its stakeholders. The changing environment triggered by technological advancements, increased demand for accountability, and transparency means a change in the way auditing is done. The literature provides evidence of an ongoing technological innovation within the private sector audit. Private sector auditing research has focused mainly on technology adoption and use failing to address the umbrella concept of digital transformation (DT), some even consider processes of DT such as technology adoption and use to be DT. The public sector auditing literature is still yet to commence DT‐related research. This study seeks to fill in this gap and after presenting what DT entails, we applied an exploratory approach through semistructured interview responses, together with other documents from SAIs, to understand how SAIs currently perceive DT and what are their current reactions or actions to transform. The paper analyzes and discusses how SAIs perceive and define the DT phenomenon. The results show that most SAIs still do not master the concept of DT, as they often refer to technology adoption or automation of auditing processes to be DT, notwithstanding a great majority acknowledges the need for DT but lacks the right strategy and resources in place. We saw a few proactive SAIs who are futuristic on the contrary a majority are reacting to change when the need arises, especially during the audit process. The paper provides one of the first empirical investigations into the current DT of public audits. It also proposes a general framework suitable for analyzing the factors involved in the DT in SAIs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study discusses the current state of the art and future directions of research on digitalization, accountability, and accounting in public services. Through a systematic literature review, we investigate 232 articles published between 1998 and the first quarter of 2020. These studies are analyzed looking at the implications of the increasing digitalization of the public realm for the (i) production of data, (ii) consumption of data, and (iii) their subsequent effects. Based upon this analysis, we identify the following emerging critical digital accountability issues and related future research avenues: the potential for dialogic and horizontal, multicentric accountability; the blurring of accountability roles and boundaries; the increasing relevance of translation processes and translators' roles—and the need to ensure accountability in such translations; the need to pay stronger attention to social equity and inclusivity implications of digitalization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to construct a comprehensive corporate environmental responsibility (CER) engagement measurement to examine the relationship between CER engagement and firm value as well as explore the mediating effect of corporate innovation on this relationship based on a sample of 496 China's A‐share listed companies from 2008 to 2016. The results show that when firms start to adopt environmental regulations, CER would have a negative effect on firm value; however, at a specific level, CER would start to enhance firm value positively. In addition to this, corporate innovation plays a mediating role in the relationship between CER and firm value. Corporate innovation promotes firm value of firms with CER more than firms without CER. Overall, the findings of this paper are extremely relevant for the government, investors, and firm's managers and can be utilized for policy and investment decision making. Also, the findings encourage firms to enhance their sense of environmental responsibility in order to enhance their competitive advantages, enhance corporate innovation capabilities, and thus enhance firm value. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The rapid advancement of the Internet and digital payments has transformed the landscape of financial transactions, leading to both technological progress and an alarming rise in cybercrime. This study addresses the critical issue of financial fraud detection in the era of digital payments, focusing on enhancing operational risk frameworks to mitigate the increasing threats. The objective is to improve the predictive performance of fraud detection systems using machine learning techniques. The methodology involves a comprehensive data preprocessing and model creation process, including one‐hot encoding, feature selection, sampling, standardization, and tokenization. Six machine learning models are employed for fraud detection, and their hyperparameters are optimized. Evaluation metrics such as accuracy, precision, recall, and F1‐score are used to assess model performance. Results reveal that XGBoost and Random Forest outperform other models, achieving a balance between false positives and false negatives. The study meets the requirements for fraud detection systems, ensuring accuracy, scalability, adaptability, and explainability. This paper provides valuable insights into the efficacy of machine learning models for financial fraud detection and emphasizes the importance of striking a balance between false positives and false negatives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Circular economy (CE) is the way forward to protect an endangered environment, promote social justice, and advance sustainable and balanced regional economic development. The proliferation of the CE concept and the circular startup (CSU) boom coincides with digital transformation, a socioeconomic change propelled by the widespread adoption of digital technologies. This paper uses a systems theory perspective to study the digital entrepreneurial ecosystem's (DEE) role in CSU formation. Fuzzy‐set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) is used to empirically explore the configurational recipes for the presence and absence of a high CSU formation rate. The results reveal that for a high CSU formation, DEE elements, such as digital protection and access, act as critical drivers, while other DEE elements take on a supportive role. The findings also show the complementarity effects, substitution effects, and neutral permutations of DEE elements among the configurations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines the preferences of a foreign firm and a host country government over two modes of FDI in two‐sided markets: de novo entry (through the establishment of a new platform) and acquisition of the domestic incumbent platform. Technology transfer, cross‐side network externalities and platform service differentiation determine the ranking of the host country welfare gains and the entrant's profits under the two entry modes. In the case where the foreign entrant and the host government disagree over the entry modes ranking, asymmetric foreign equity restrictions can induce the welfare‐optimal choice of the entry mode by the foreign firm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Digital platforms are supraorganizational entities that use digital technology to facilitate interactions between diverse actors, leading to novel forms of organisation and accompanying forms of control. The current Information Systems (IS) literature, however, struggles to describe control on digital platforms in a way that does justice to the dynamic character of the phenomenon. Taking this as an opportunity, we follow the enactment of control over time and across parties in a hybrid ethnographic study of the social commerce platform Poshmark. Specifically, we conceptualise the dynamics of control as changes in the means of control—formal or informal—and the sources of control—operator or participants—over time. Tracking these conceptual dimensions, we identify the distinct ways control has changed on Poshmark. Synthesising these findings into four dynamics of control, we show that control on digital platforms is rarely static due to aggregate effects arising from the operator and from participant interactions with each other through the digital features deployed on the platform. Based on these insights, our study contributes to the IS literature on control by broadening the conception of control on digital platforms. The theoretical and practical insights generated in this paper thereby lay the foundation for the systematic study of the dynamics of control that are unique to platform environments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Existing research on technology affordance rarely considers the role of social structures in shaping the interaction between human actors and technology. In this paper, we draw upon the concept of social positioning to explore how socialized affordances of technology adoption, as well as their impact in work and social life, are shaped by the social positions that human actors occupy within multiple social structures. We do so by examining the adoption of mHealth devices by community health workers in India. The study generates theoretical implications for research on affordances of technology and social structures by integrating social positioning of actors in the analysis of a digital practice, and enriching IS research by incorporating the broader social arrangements and power relations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In medical science, imaging is the most effective diagnostic and therapeutic tool. Almost all modalities have transitioned to direct digital capture devices, which have emerged as a major future healthcare option. Three diseases such as Alzheimer's (AD), Haemorrhage (HD), and COVID‐19 have been used in this manuscript for binary classification purposes. Three datasets (AD, HD, and COVID‐19) were used in this research out of which the first two, that is, AD and HD belong to brain Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) and the last one, that is, COVID‐19 belongs to Chest X‐Ray (CXR) All of the diseases listed above cannot be eliminated, but they can be slowed down with early detection and effective medical treatment. This paper proposes an intelligent method for classifying brain (MRI) and CXR images into normal and abnormal classes for the early detection of AD, HD, and COVID‐19 based on an ensemble deep neural network (DNN). In the proposed method, the convolutional neural network (CNN) is used for automatic feature extraction from images and long‐short term memory (LSTM) is used for final classification. Moreover, the Hill‐Climbing Algorithm (HCA) is implemented for finding the best possible value for hyper parameters of CNN and LSTM, such as the filter size of CNN and the number of units of LSTM while fixing the other parameters. The data‐set is pre‐processed (resized, cropped, and noise removed) before feeding the train images to the proposed models for accurate and fast learning. Forty‐five MR images of AD, Sixty MR images of HD, and 600 CXR images of COVID‐19 were used for testing the proposed model 'CNN‐LSTM‐HCA'. The performance of the proposed model is evaluated using six types of statistical assessment metrics such as; Accuracy, Sensitivity, Specificity, F‐measure, ROC, and AUC. The proposed model compared with the other three types of hybrid models such as CNN‐LSTM‐PSO, CNN‐LSTM‐Jaya, and CNN‐LSTM‐GWO and also with state‐of‐art techniques. The overall accuracy of the proposed model received was 98.87%, 85.75%, and 99.1% for COVID‐19, Haemorrhage, and Alzheimer's data sets, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In‐field visual inspections have inherent challenges associated with humans such as low accuracy, excessive cost and time, and safety. To overcome these barriers, researchers and industry leaders have developed image‐based methods for automatic structural crack detection. More recently, researchers have proposed using augmented reality (AR) to interface human visual inspection with automatic image‐based crack detection. However, to date, AR crack detection is limited because: (1) it is not available in real time and (2) it requires an external processing device. This paper describes a new AR methodology that addresses both problems enabling a standalone real‐time crack detection system for field inspection. A Canny algorithm is transformed into the single‐dimensional mathematical environment of the AR headset digital platform. Then, the algorithm is simplified based on the limited headset processing capacity toward lower processing time. The test of the AR crack‐detection method eliminates AR image‐processing dependence on external processors and has practical real‐time image‐processing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the context of sustainable development, countries around the world shed more light on green innovation in their environmental policies, and the digital economy may take a vital part in improving green innovation. Predicted on the panel data of 278 cities in China from 2011 to 2019, this research administrates the principal component analysis (PCA) to evaluate the advancement level of the urban digital economy and employs the number of urban green patent applications to represent green innovation level. Through the benchmark regression model, the mediating effect model, the spatial Durbin model, the dynamic threshold panel model, and the gradual difference‐in‐difference model, this paper explores the direct effect, indirect effect, spatial effect, nonlinear relationship, and policy effect of that digital economy has on green innovation. The development of the digital economy can improve green innovation levels in indirect ways, such as by boosting the degree of economic openness, optimizing the industrial structure, and expanding the market potential, and as economic openness, industrial structure, and market potential advance, the promotion intensity of digital economy on green innovation is becoming lower and lower. The development of green innovation has an obvious spatial spillover effect. Still, the enhancement of green innovation in more developed regions may inhibit green innovation in less developed regions due to talent flow and industrial transfer. Finally, the gradual difference‐in‐difference model founded on the 'Broadband China' pilot policy supplementarily verifies that digital economy enhancement can substantially advance urban green innovation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper seeks to provide new empirical evidence that demonstrates the importance of digital technologies in promoting economic growth, drawing on the literature on advances in growth and leveraging a broader and more robust country-level panel dataset. In particular, this paper estimates the long-run economic impact of digital technologies using mobile phone penetration and internet usage as broad indicators. The empirical results suggest that, between 2004 and 2014, the diffusion of digital technologies significantly improved economic output in Australia and abroad, contributing to steady-state gross domestic product per capita growth of approximately 5.8 per cent on average. These findings could serve as the starting-point for predictions about the likely impact of future technologies, providing a better understanding for policy-makers in prioritising initiatives that will continue to lift living standards in the coming years. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: Timely recruitment of eligible participants is essential for the success of clinical trials, with insufficient accrual being the leading cause for premature termination of both oncology and non‐oncology trials. Methods: In this paper we further elaborate on the challenges for patient participation in oncology trials from physician, patient, healthcare system, and some trial‐related perspectives. Results: We present strategies such as use of digital healthcare technologies, real‐world data and real‐world evidence, decentralized clinical trials, pragmatic trial designs, and supportive services to increase patient participation. Conclusions: Multifaceted measures are necessary to increase patient participation, especially for those who are under‐represented in cancer trials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper studies how clinical leaders perceive their leadership tasks in the context of virtual interactions. We ask whether distant leadership involves a shift from relationship orientation to more task‐ and control‐oriented leaders in hospital settings. We explore two cases involving 10 clinical leaders in a university hospital in Norway. The study indicates that the leaders were aware that lack of direct communication hampers relationship‐oriented leadership, which weakens efforts to develop a common identity in the clinics. The absence of direct communication reduces opportunities for relationship‐oriented leadership, which may hamper the development of social and self‐controls in professional organizations. However, clinical leaders are dependent on professionals' social and self‐controls to perform at high levels. Large distances reduce leaders' ability to build personal relations with their staff. On the other hand, professionals in healthcare are highly educated, and thus they are to a large degree self‐governed. The possible effects of distant leadership may consequently not be that harmful in clinical settings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to encourage a debate on the proposed transactive relationship between voice and contemporary social, economic and technological (SET) developments. Specifically, we propose that SET developments change how work is approached, organized and designed, and that these changes challenge employee rights, roles and responsibilities. How employees deal with these challenges affects their well-being and health, and whether organizations and societies can develop sustainably. While voice is a way for employees to have a say in these developments, we argue that SET changes can be times at which voice is threatened. Moreover, we propose that SET changes urge us to question and reshape our understanding of voice. We propose that a functional conceptualization of voice provides opportunities to integrate existing approaches which are often scattered across disciplines, and is inclusive of new opportunities and constraints that come with SET developments. Using examples of two meta-trends, we illustrate how SET changes challenge traditional conceptualizations of voice and identify 'new trajectories' to expand more inclusive forms of voice and more useful research paradigms. These meta-trends are digitalization (including new business models and employment forms, alternative/flexible work arrangements, technology-mediated communication) and diversification (including internationalization and marginalized/minority groups). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Digitalization can profoundly change resource mobilization, including the search, access and governance of resources. In this introductory paper to the Special Issue on Digitalization and Resource Mobilization, we review existing research to identify different approaches towards digitalization, different conceptualizations of what resources are in this context and different aspects of resource mobilization across studies and theories. Drawing on these insights, we illustrate contemporary research examples and outline the way forward for two research streams focusing on resource mobilization in a digital context – specifically, the crowdfunding and human resources literature. We conclude by proposing four new areas to further advance the field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]