Search

Parallel restoration is an efficient way to speed up the restoration process after a wide‐area outage or a complete blackout of a power system. To implement efficient parallel restoration, an appropriate network partitioning method is necessary. Given this background, a two‐step network partitioning strategy for parallel power system restoration is presented. In order to minimise the restoration time of generating units, a grouping model for non‐black‐start units is developed first. Based on the graph theory, a power network partitioning model is presented with the objectives of minimising the number of the interconnected lines and maximising the electrical distance of the interconnected lines among different restoration subsystems. The well‐established AMPL/CPLEX is employed to solve the developed optimisation models. Finally, the IEEE New England 10‐unit 39‐bus system and a part of Zhejiang provincial power system in China are employed to illustrate the feasibility and effectiveness of the developed models. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The energy stored in the batteries of electric vehicles (EVs) could be employed for starting generators when a blackout or a local outage occurs. Considering the feature of the battery swapping mode, an available capacity model of the batteries in a centralised charging station is first developed. Then, the authors analyse the start‐up characteristics of a generator powered by batteries and propose a bi‐level optimisation‐based network reconfiguration model to determine the restoration paths with an objective of maximising the overall generation capability. In the upper‐level optimisation model, the generator start‐up sequence is optimised, whereas the restoration paths are optimised in the lower‐level one. Moreover, they consider the uncertainties associated with the available capacity of the batteries. The bi‐level optimisation model for the network reconfiguration is developed in the chance‐constrained programming framework and solved by the well‐established particle swarm optimisation algorithm. Finally, case studies are employed to demonstrate the effectiveness of the presented model. Simulation results show that a centralised EV charging station could act as a power source to effectively restore a power system without black‐start (BS) generators or with insufficient cranking power from BS generators, and the presented model could be used to guide actual system restorations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Network reconfiguration after complete blackout of a power system is an essential step for power system restoration. A new node importance evaluation method is presented based on the concept of regret, and maximisation of the average importance of a path is employed as the objective of finding the optimal restoration path. Then, a two‐stage method is presented to optimise the network reconfiguration strategy. Specifically, the restoration sequence of generating units is first optimised so as to maximise the restored generation capacity, then the optimal restoration path is selected to restore the generating nodes concerned and the issues of selecting a serial or parallel restoration mode and the reconnecting failure of a transmission line are next considered. Both the restoration path selection and skeleton‐network determination are implemented together in the proposed method, which overcomes the shortcoming of separate decision‐making in the existing methods. Finally, the New England 10‐unit 39‐bus power system and the Guangzhou power system in South China are employed to demonstrate the basic features of the proposed method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]