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This article examines the role of CD147, a protein found on certain immune cells, in the development and recurrence of psoriasis. The study discovered that high levels of CD147 on CD4+ T cells were associated with the effectiveness of IL-17A inhibitor treatment and the likelihood of psoriasis returning. The researchers developed two models that accurately predicted treatment outcomes and long-term effectiveness based on CD147 levels. Additionally, the study found that a lack of CD147 on CD4+ T cells worsened psoriasis and increased the chances of it coming back. These findings provide valuable insights into the causes of psoriasis and could inform personalized treatment approaches. [Extracted from the article]

Background: Ibrutinib has revolutionized the treatment of mantle cell lymphoma (MCL). Both ibrutinib monotherapy and ibrutinib‐based combination therapy are important salvage options for patients with relapsed/refractory (R/R) MCL. The real‐world efficacy and safety profile of the two strategies in Chinese patients with R/R MCL remain unclarified. Methods: In the present study, data of 121 R/R MCL patients who received either ibrutinib monotherapy (N = 68) or ibrutinib combination therapy (N = 53) in 13 medical centers in China were retrospectively reviewed. Results: With a median follow‐up of 20.5 months, the overall response rate was 60.3% versus 84.9% (p = 0.003), complete remission rate was 16.2% versus 43.4% (p < 0.001), and median progression‐free survival (PFS) was 18.5 months (95% confidence interval [CI], 12.1–21.8) vs. 30.8 months (95% CI, 23.5‐NR) (hazard ratio, 0.53 [95% CI, 0.30–0.93]; p = 0.025), with ibrutinib monotherapy and ibrutinib‐based combination therapy, respectively. Subgroup analysis showed that patients with male gender, no refractory disease, Ki67 <30%, previous line of therapy = 1, non‐blastoid subtype, and the number of extranodal sites involved <2 might benefits more from the combination therapy. Treatment‐emergent adverse events were similar, except for a higher incidence of all grade neutropenia in the ibrutinib combination group (12.7% vs. 32.0%, p = 0.017). Conclusions: Ibrutinib combination therapy demonstrated potentially superior efficacy and comparable tolerability to ibrutinib monotherapy. Ibrutinib‐based combination therapy could be one of the prominent treatment options for R/R MCL patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

10‐Gingerol (10‐Gin), an active ingredient extracted from ginger, has been reported to have beneficial effects on the cardiovascular system. However, 10‐Gin has not been proved to offer protection against cardiomyocyte injury induced by hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R). This study aimed to investigate the protective effects of 10‐Gin against H/R‐induced injury and its potential mechanisms in cardiomyocytes. A H/R injury model of H9c2 cardiomyocytes was established using 600 μmol/L CoCl2 to induce hypoxia in the cells for 24 hr and then reoxygenated for 3 hr. 10‐Gin was pretreated with H9c2 cardiomyocytes for 24 hr to assess its cardiomyocyte protection. Our results showed that 10‐Gin improved the viability of H9c2 cardiomyocytes in the H/R model and decreased the activities of creatine kinase, lactate dehydrogenase, and the generation of reactive oxygen species. By intracellular Ca2+ ([Ca2+]i) fluorescence, we found that 10‐Gin could significantly reduce the [Ca2+]i concentration. 10‐Gin administration increased the activities of antioxidase and reduced malondialdehyde content and inflammatory cytokine levels. 10‐Gin also reduced the apoptosis levels. Importantly, 10‐Gin administration decreased the gene and protein expressions of Wnt5a and Frizzled‐2. In conclusion, 10‐Gin alleviates H/R‐induced cardiomyocyte injury, which is associated with the antioxidation, anti‐inflammation, antiapoptosis action, and reduction of [Ca2+]i overload by suppressing the Wnt5a/Frizzled‐2 pathway. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

B‐cell non‐Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) is a class of heterogeneous diseases with variable clinical outcomes. Immunosuppression is particularly common in the subtypes of lymphoma with poor prognosis, but the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Using a RT‐PCR array analysis, we have identified that glycosyltransferase 1 domain‐containing 1 (GLT1D1), an enzyme that transfers glycosyl groups to proteins, is highly upregulated in the incurable subtype of B‐cell NHL and in early relapse diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma. Analysis of clinical specimens revealed that GLT1D1 expression was positively correlated with the level of glycosylated programmed cell death‐ligand 1 (PD‐L1) in B‐cell NHL and that high GLT1D1 expression was associated with poor prognosis. Mechanistically, we showed that GLT1D1 transferred N‐linked glycans to PD‐L1, thus promoting the immunosuppressive function of glycosylated PD‐L1. Downregulation of GLT1D1 resulted in a decrease of glycosylated PD‐L1 and enhanced cytotoxic T‐cell function against lymphoma cells. In vivo, overexpression of GLT1D1 promoted tumor growth by facilitating tumor immune escape through increased levels of PD‐L1. Our work has identified GLT1D1 as a predictive biomarker for B‐cell NHL. It has also shown that this enzyme enhances PD‐L1 stabilization via N‐glycosylation, thus promoting immunosuppression and tumor growth. As such, GLT1D1 might be a novel therapeutic target for the treatment of B‐NHL. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this retrospective study was to compare the efficacy and toxicity of high‐dose methotrexate plus temozolomide (MT regimen) and rituximab plus MT (RMT regimen) in patients with untreated primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL). A total of 62 patients with untreated PCNSL were enrolled between January 2005 and December 2015, with the median age of 53.5 years (range 29‐77).In this study, 32 patients received RMT as induction therapy, and 30 received MT. Objective responses were noted in 93.7% of the patients in the RMT group and in 69.0% of the patients in the MT group (P = 0.018), while complete responses were noted in 53.2% of the patients in the RMT group and 27.6% of the patients in the MT group (P < 0.001). The 2‐ and 5‐year PFS rates were 81.3% and 53.3%, respectively, for the RMT group and 46.5% and 29.1%, respectively, for the MT group (P = 0.019). The 2‐ and 5‐year overall survival (OS) rates were 82.3% and 82.3%, respectively, for the RMT group and 65.7% and 50.0%, respectively, for the MT group (P = 0.015). Multivariate analyses showed that therapeutic regimen (RMT vs MT) was an independent prognostic factor for PFS and OS. Our encouraging results suggest that the RMT regimen may be a feasible and safe therapeutic approach for first‐line treatment of PCNSL. The purpose of this study was to compare the efficacy and toxicity of high‐dose methotrexate plus temozolomide (MT regimen) and of rituximab plus MT (RMT regimen) in untreated PCNSL. Our encouraging results suggest that the RMT regimen might be a feasible and safe therapeutic approach in the first‐line treatment of PCNSL. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Key Clinical Message We present the orthodontic treatment of a 20-year-old Chinese man with the moderate skeletal Class III malocclusion. The usages of the temporary anchorage devices and the surgically assisted rapid palatal expansion ( SARPE) have provided a variety of options for the treatment of Class III malocclusion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Programmed cell death ligand 1 ( PD-L1) is a negative regulator of the immune response that enables tumor cells to escape T-cell immunity. Although PD-L1 expression in cancer cells has been extensively studied, the expression of PD-L1 in stromal cells and its clinical significance remain largely unknown. Here, we show that bone marrow stromal cells express a low level of PD-L1 and that this molecule is significantly upregulated by key drugs used in the treatment of lymphoma at clinically relevant concentrations. Mechanistically, chemotherapeutic drugs induce PD-L1 expression in stromal cells through upregulation of granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor and activation of the extracellular signal-regulated kinase ( ERK) 1/2 signaling pathway. Suppression of ERK by a chemical inhibitor or genetic silencing of ERK2 expression prevents drug-induced PD-L1 expression. PD-L1 expression is upregulated in the bone marrow stromal cells of mice treated with doxorubicin and in drug-treated bone marrow specimens from lymphoma patients. Drug-induced PD-L1 expression in stromal cells can cause significant impairment of T-cell functions. Overall, our study reveals a previously unrecognized mechanism by which chemotherapy induces tumor immune evasion by upregulation of PD-L1 in bone marrow stromal cells, and provides new evidence for the combination of chemotherapy and anti- PD-L1/ PD-1 as an effective strategy for treatment of lymphoma and other cancers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As a perennial forage crop broadly distributed in eastern Eurasia, sheepgrass ( Leymus chinensis ( Trin.) Tzvel) is highly tolerant to low-temperature stress. Previous report indicates that sheepgrass is able to endure as low as −47.5 °C,allowing it to survive through the cold winter season. However, due to the lack of sufficient studies, the underlying mechanism towards the extraordinary low-temperature tolerance is unclear. Although the transcription profiling has provided insight into the transcriptome response to cold stress, more detailed studies are required to dissect the molecular mechanism regarding the excellent abiotic stress tolerance. In this work, we report a novel transcript factor Lc FIN1 ( L. chinensis freezing-induced 1) from sheepgrass. Lc FIN1 showed no homology with other known genes and was rapidly and highly induced by cold stress, suggesting that Lc FIN1 participates in the early response to cold stress. Consistently, ectopic expression of Lc FIN1 significantly increased cold stress tolerance in the transgenic plants, as indicated by the higher survival rate, fresh weight and other stress-related indexes after a freezing treatment. Transcriptome analysis showed that numerous stress-related genes were differentially expressed in Lc FIN1-overexpressing plants, suggesting that Lc FIN1 may enhance plant abiotic stress tolerance by transcriptional regulation. Electrophoretic mobility shift assays and CHIP- qPCR showed that Lc CBF1 can bind to the CRT/ DRE cis-element located in the promoter region of Lc FIN1, suggesting that Lc FIN1 is directly regulated by Lc CBF1. Taken together, our results suggest that Lc FIN1 positively regulates plant adaptation response to cold stress and is a promising candidate gene to improve crop cold tolerance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]