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Aim: To understand Baduanjin rehabilitation therapy in mild COVID‐19 patients. Design: A narrative review. Methods: A literature search for COVID‐19 and Baduanjin treatments was conducted on Chinese and English electronic databases: China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Wanfang Data, Embase, PubMed, Scopus, Science Direct, Ebscohost, SPORTDiscus and ProQuest. Results: Twelve studies on the Baduanjin rehabilitation for COVID‐19 patients have been included. We acknowledged the considerable published research and current clinical practice using Baduanjin for COVID‐19 treatment in the following areas: anxiety, depression, insomnia, lung function rehabilitation, immunity and activity endurance. Conclusion: The use of Baduanjin as adjuvant therapy for COVID‐19 patients' rehabilitation is still limited, therefore, more clinical studies are needed to confirm its efficacy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Summary: Background: Phaeohyphomycosis is a chronic cutaneous, subcutaneous or systemic mycotic infection caused by various dematiaceous fungi. The diverse clinical manifestations and poor prognosis of phaeohyphomycosis necessitate studies on it to better recognise the disease and improve its management. Objectives: To investigate the epidemiology, aetiology, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of phaeohyphomycosis in China over the past 20 years, and to study the first case of phaeohyphomycosis caused by Phialophora americana and the genetic and immunological mechanisms. Patients/Methods: Clinical and laboratory findings of the case were studied, and the patient's DNA was sequenced for CARD9, followed by immunological studies using patient's PBMCs. Cases of phaeohyphomycosis in China from 1998 to 2018 in both the Chinese and English literature were collected and analysed, including 45 articles and 46 patients. Results: We confirmed the patient holding a homozygous frameshift mutation of CARD9, which led to impairment of pro‐inflammatory cytokine production, and lower Th17‐ and Th22‐associated responses upon fungus‐specific stimulation. From the literature review, we revealed that the clinical presentations of phaeohyphomycosis were diverse. Diagnoses were established mainly on the basis of histopathology and fungal culture. Oral itraconazole, voriconazole, and posaconazole are the first choices for treatment, and a combination with surgical excision is also recommended. Conclusions: Our study establishes that obtaining detailed histories is vital for understanding the immune state and that patients with recurrent or chronic phaeohyphomycosis in the absence of known immunodeficiencies should be tested for CARD9 mutations. We hope our findings will aid clinicians in the diagnoses and treatment of such infections. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Before the start of the schistosomiasis transmission season, 129 villagers resident on a Schistosoma japonicum-endemic island in Poyang Lake, Jiangxi Province, 64 of whom were stool-positive for S. japonicum eggs by the Kato method and 65 negative, were treated with praziquantel. Forty-five days later the 93 subjects who presented for follow-up were all stool-negative. Blood samples were collected from all 93 individuals. S. japonicum soluble worm antigen (SWAP) and soluble egg antigen (SEA) stimulated IL-4, IL-5 and IFN-γ production in whole-blood cultures were measured by ELISA. All the subjects were interviewed nine times during the subsequent transmission season to estimate the intensity of their contact with potentially infective snail habitats, and the subjects were all re-screened for S. japonicum by the Kato method at the end of the transmission season. Fourteen subjects were found to be infected at that time. There was some indication that the risk of infection might be associated with gender (with females being at higher risk) and with the intensity of water contact, and there was evidence that levels of SEA-induced IFN-γ production were associated with reduced risk of infection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]