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Introduction: The purpose of this study is to propose a treatment method and the effect on the nervous system of digital therapeutics, which is a new treatment method to replace surgery and drug prescription for the treatment and prevention of diseases. Methods: The 20 subjects who participated in the experiment, including men and women, had an average age of 26 ± 2.40 years. The proposed treatment method used three types of sound stimulation and air or bone conduction sound transmission methods to induce total of 6‐time EEG electroencephalogram(EEG) changes. EEG was measured with 200 sampling rate each in the P4, Cz, F8 and T7 channel located in the parietal, central, frontal and temporal lobes, respectively, according to the 10/10 system. A total of 2 min of data were created by extracting EEG signals with less noise from the measured data and the extracted data were applied with a 1–40 Hz Butterworth filter and a 50 Hz notch filter with a quality factor of 30. After that, EEG are subdivided into delta (0.5–4 Hz), theta (4–8 Hz), alpha (8–13 Hz), beta (13–30 Hz), and gamma (30–45 Hz) bands. Finally, EEG changes in response to sound stimuli were analyzed using power spectral density and T‐test validation in the frequency band. Results: When a sound stimulus of less than 1 KHz was stimulated by air conduction, brainstem activation was induced and the reticular activation system was activated. In addition, a great potential for replacing drugs was confirmed by inducing changes in the nervous system similar to drugs used for sedation. Conclusion: These results will be able to expand the concept of digital therapeutics, and it is expected that it will be developed as a safer treatment method that can replace surgery and drugs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article comments on a research on the role of montelukast as a first-line therapy in the management of episodic viral wheeze (EVW) in children with intermittent asthma.

Airway management in patients with periglottic tumour is a high-risk procedure with potentially serious consequences. There is no consensus on how best to secure the airway in this group of patients. We conducted a feasibility study of awake tracheal intubation using a King Vision® videolaryngoscope with a channelled blade in a cohort of 25 patients, with a periglottic tumour requiring diagnostic or radical surgery. We used 10% and 4% lidocaine to topicalise the airway and midazolam and remifentanil for sedation. We recorded the success rate, number of attempts, time to obtain glottic view, time to intubation and complications. Twenty-three of the 25 patients (92%, 95%CI 75-98%) were intubated with the awake videolaryngoscope-assisted technique, with 17/23 (74%, 95%CI 54-87%) intubations achieved at the first attempt. Five patients required two and one patient, three attempts at intubation. Two patients (8%, 95%CI 2-25%) could not tolerate the procedure due to inadequate topical anaesthesia. Median (IQR [range]) times to obtain glottic view and to intubate were 19 (17-22 [10-30]) s and 49 (42-71 [33-107]) s, respectively. Traces of blood in the airway were observed in 4/25 (16%, 95%CI 6-35%) patients. Although airway management in this group of patients was expected to be difficult, successful awake intubation with the King Vision videolaryngoscope was achieved in the majority of patients within less than a minute. This study highlights a number of potential advantages of awake videolaryngoscope-assisted intubation over other awake methods of securing the airway in patients with upper airway obstruction due to periglottic mass. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents a case study of a 11-year-old boy was admitted to hospital with persistent cough and wheezing that lasted >3 months. Topics include the sinobronchial syndrome (SBS) manifests as chronic or recurrent sinusitis and lower airway inflammatory disease characterized by neutrophilic inflammation, SBS is a common cause of chronic cough, and the correlation between chronic rhinosinusitis and lower airway inflammation seems clinically essential.

The article describes the case of a 56-year-old white woman with a history of sarcoidosis evaluated for persistent, non-productive cough and wheezing after the initiation of leflunomide. Topics discussed include clinical characteristics of chronic cough, important cause of chronic cough, and definition of chronic cough.

The article discusses the case of a 1 year old patient who showed signs of Catathrenia in Pitt–Hopkins syndrome that is associated with 18q interstitial deletion. Is mentioned that Pitt–Hopkins syndrome is a autosomal dominant disorder and Catathrenia is associated with production of loud groaning sounds during the episodes of prolonged expiration.

The article presents information on the condition called wheeze in children. Topics include the causes of wheezing such as asthma, preschool wheeze, and bronchiolitis, the use of nebulised hypertonic saline (HS) to treat bronchiolitis, and the updating of the National Asthma Council Australia's Australian Asthma Handbook. It also discusses the European Respiratory Task Force's classification of wheezes like the episodic viral wheeze (EVW) and the multiple trigger wheeze (MTW).

Aim: Intermittent wheezing illnesses, which include viral-associated wheeze and asthma, are among the most common reasons for children to present urgently to a doctor. The objectives of this systematic review were to assess the benefits and harmful effects of parent-initiated oral corticosteroids (PIOCS) in the management of intermittent wheezing illness in children. Methods: The Cochrane Airways Group Specialised Register, The Cochrane Controlled Trials Register (CENTRAL), MEDLINE, EMBASE, LILACS, Web of Science and Dissertation Abstracts were searched. Only randomised clinical trials studying patients aged between 1 and 18 years, with an intermittent wheezing illness were included. Results: From 572 original citations, a total of two randomised clinical trials (303 randomised participants) were included. The quality of the included trials was high; however, marked clinical heterogeneity precluded a meta-analysis. The two trials did not find evidence that PIOCS are associated with a benefit in terms of hospital admissions, unscheduled medical reviews, symptoms scores, or bronchodilator use. Conclusion: Limited current evidence is available and it is inconclusive regarding the benefit from PIOCS therapy in the treatment of intermittent wheezing illnesses in children. Oral corticosteroids have a clearly defined role in the management of acute asthma in the hospital setting. Therefore, it is reasonable for clinicians to recommend PIOCS when (i) the child has a history of severe acute asthma; and (ii) the parents are able to assess asthma status. However, widespread use of PIOCS cannot be recommended until the benefits and harms can be clarified further. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Lung sounds analysis has been used for clinical care. Our objectives were to characterize the spectral pattern of lung sounds and their relation to bronchodilator effects in acute bronchiolitis (AB). We hypothesized that patients with sinusoidal wheezes (SW) would show a more significant bronchodilator response. Methodology: We studied 22 asleep hospitalized infants (14 boys, eight girls), aged 5.2 ± 1 months, 16 with a positive respiratory syncytial virus test, during their first 3 days after admission. Patients breathed spontaneously through a face mask connected to a pneumotachograph during normal breathing, and only target flows of 0.1 ± 0.02 L/s were analyzed. Sounds were obtained using two contact sensors attached over both posterior lower lobes. For inspiratory and expiratory sounds, we determined the frequencies below which 25% (F25), 50% (F50), 75% (F75) and 99% (SEF99) of the spectral power between 100 and 1000 Hz was contained. We repeated the measurements 20 min after bronchodilator therapy in all patients. Results: We found classic SW in 11 patients, while the other 11 had complex wheezes (CW). There were positive bronchodilator responses in 9/11 with SW and 3/11 with CW ( P < 0.01). Patients who responded to salbutamol showed an increase in power at low frequencies after medication ( P < 0.01), and a positive correlation between wheezing and the increase in the power spectra measured by F50 and SEF99 ( P < 0.001). Conclusions: We conclude that sinusoidal and complex wheezes occur in patients with AB, that a positive response to bronchodilator is significantly more common in those with classic SW and that lung sounds analysis is a reproducible, safe and non-invasive method for assessing wheeze in infants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents a case study of a boy weighing 2940 gram who was born at 36 weeks' gestation by cesarean section due to hypertension in pregnancy at a local hospital. Topics discussed include retractive breathing, stridor and wheezing shown by infant on the first oral feeding, visibility of the top of the cyst on physical examination with tongue depressor, and difficult airway management caused by laryngeal cyst.

The article presents several abstracts on pediatrics, including abstracts on acne, the electronic medication management requirements for pediatrics and cardiac safety with selective serotonin receptor uptake inhibitors.