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This paper tells the recent history of CO2 chemistry through the contributions from members of CIRCC to its birth and growth. Starting with the first transition metal complex bearing CO2 as a ligand synthesized in 1975 by the Aresta Group in Bari, the mode of bonding and the reactivity of coordinated CO2 are discussed. The early applications in chemo‐thermal, electrolytic, and biotechnological processes, and the use of SC‐CO2 as solvent and reagent are fields in which CIRCC partners have made pioneering contributions and continue to provide essential inputs. The paper is closed by highlighting key issues and challenges at stake, from capture to large‐scale conversion, investment infrastructure, progressive policies and standardized regulations needed to advocate carbon recycling as a pillar of future innovation in energy and chemical industries. CIRCC has been the nest of modern CO2 chemistry and the place where CO2 has always been considered a "resource" rather than a "waste". [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper is concerned with the Bari basis property of a boundary value problem associated in L2([0,1];C2)$L^2([0,1]; \mathbb {C}^2)$ with the following 2 × 2 Dirac‐type equation for y=col(y1,y2)$y = \operatorname{col}(y_1, y_2)$: LU(Q)y=−iB−1y′+Q(x)y=λy,B=b100b2,b1<0

ABSTRACT In this paper, a study on the mismatch effect due to the use of different photovoltaic (PV) modules classes in large-scale solar parks is presented. For this purpose, a new model for simulating current-voltage and power-voltage characteristics is introduced. The model is then applied for calculating mismatch losses in a number of case studies for a PV plant built in Bari, southern Italy. First, in order to test the effectiveness of the model, this is applied to homogeneous strings and field showing that the mismatch losses are zero. Subsequently, the use of inhomogeneous strings (i.e. made of modules belonging to different power classes) is investigated. Finally, the behaviour of 1 MWp homogeneous and inhomogeneous PV fields is investigated, again with a focus on the mismatch effect. The operational conditions have been introduced starting from the definition of European efficiency. The use of standard test conditions can in fact lead to gross approximations because mismatch losses depend, as well as, on PV module characteristics, electrical connections and electrical architecture, also on the location of the PV system. The results presented in this work can be used both by PV system designers for carrying out yield calculations, and by operation and maintenance personnel for substituting modules during operation without compromising the productivity of the plant. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Wheat production in many countries is threatened by climate change and rising sea levels causing increases in salt‐water intrusion in low‐lying coastal areas. Large areas of the coastal zone of Bangladesh remain fallow during the dry season primarily due to salinity. It is estimated that 0.86 million hectares of land currently under fallow in the dry season would be suitable for wheat production using varieties with enhanced salt tolerance. This study investigated the impact of salt tolerance Nax genes (Na+ exclusion) on the grain yield of bread wheat grown on saline soils in southern Bangladesh. Nax1 and Nax2 genes were separately crossed into two Bangladeshi bread wheat varieties, BARI Gom 25 and BARI Gom 26, through conventional crossing with marker‐assisted selection. The key outcome was strong evidence that both Nax genes have the capacity to lower leaf Na+ concentration in locally adapted bread wheat and consequently deliver improved yields in challenging field environments in southern Bangladesh with moderate to high salinity. The genetic backgrounds of the adapted varieties played a significant role in the expression of these genes. There was a differential response in the phenotypic expression of Nax genes to reduce leaf Na+ levels between the two local varieties selected as recurrent parents and the resultant variation in yield. The average reduction in leaf Na+ concentrations from the third backcrossed lines in the BARI Gom 25 background was about twice that of lines in the BARI Gom 26 background. These same lines typically yielded between 10% and 20% higher than BARI Gom 25 on moderate to high salinity sites, whereas the backcrossed lines in the BARI Gom 26 background yielded similarly to their recurrent parent at these same sites. The contrast in the differential phenotypic expression of the Nax genes evident in the two recurrent parents represented in this study highlights the importance of crossing salt tolerance Nax genes into a range of locally adapted high‐yielding genetic backgrounds to identify the greatest potential for improvement in salt tolerance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this case study, a biotech drug product manufacturing site located in Bari/Italy was looking to develop a single‐use system integrity test at the point of use. The aim was to support the implementation of single‐use technology for filling of an innovative immune‐oncologic drug using a state‐of the‐art manufacturing isolator line. This publication describes the method development and validation of a process‐specific single‐use system integrity test considering both the technical challenges of testing the integrity of a single‐use system as well as the integrity assurance requirements in a good manufacturing practice environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Atopic dermatitis (AD) is associated with an increased risk for viral infections including those caused by herpes simplex virus and varicella zoster virus. Objectives: This study examined treatment‐emergent (TE) herpes simplex infection including eczema herpeticum (EH), and herpes zoster (HZ), in adult patients with AD receiving ≥1 dose of baricitinib (BARI), an oral selective inhibitor of Janus kinase 1/2. Methods: We evaluated data from six double‐blinded, randomized, placebo‐controlled (PC) trials and two long‐term extension studies, within three analysis sets: PC, 2–4‐mg BARI extended and All‐BARI‐AD. Frequency, incidence rate (IR)/100 person‐years (PYs) and clinical characteristics of TE‐herpes simplex, EH and HZ were reported. Results: In the All‐BARI‐AD dataset (n = 2531; 2247 PYs), herpes simplex was reported in 8.9% of patients (n = 224; IR = 10.3). Most herpes simplex events were rated as mild or moderate (93.3%), rarely led to permanent discontinuation (2.2%) and presented mostly as oral/perioral herpes simplex (51.3%). TE‐EH occurred at a low frequency (All‐BARI‐AD 1.7% n = 43; IR = 2.0) and were reported in 0.5%, 0.2% and 1.4% of patients receiving placebo, 2‐mg or 4‐mg BARI respectively. In the All‐BARI‐AD dataset, most events were investigator‐rated as mild/moderate (79.1%), affected ≤2% of the body surface area (74.2%) and occurred as single events (88.4%). Serious TE‐EH (n = 11) occurred exclusively in patients with poor disease control (vIGA‐AD™ score ≥3) at infection onset. TE‐HZ was reported in 2.1% of BARI patients (n = 53; IR = 2.3), without a dose relationship during the PC period (IR = 2.7 and IR = 0.0) or the extended dataset (IR = 3.7 and IR = 1.7) for 2‐ or 4‐mg BARI respectively. Conclusions: TE‐herpes simplex was common, while occurrence of EH was uncommon. Most events of EH were localized with involvement of a small BSA and were linked to poor disease control. Events of HZ were rare in the PC dataset and without a dose dependent increase in frequency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) demand in Bangladesh has increased significantly in recent years, becoming the second major staple cereal after rice (Oryza sativa L.). Domestic production of wheat accounts for only 16% of domestic use. More than 30 wheat varieties have been released in the past 30 yr by the Bangladesh Wheat and Maize Research Institute (BWMRI). In the last 10 yr alone, nine varieties with improved yield and disease resistance have been released. Bangladesh and the BWMRI lack the regulatory framework and infrastructure to accurately track the rate of adoption of these new releases. To determine the adoption of these varieties across the country, DNA fingerprinting of wheat samples was conducted across the six wheat growing regions in Bangladesh during the 2018–2019 cropping season. A reference library was established to compare and identify the wheat samples collected from farmers' fields. Wheat grain samples collected from the fields and breeders' lines were genotyped using Diversity Arrays Technology sequencing (DArTseq)‐based single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers. Of the 1,791 samples collected from farmers' fields, 68% were identified as varieties released after 2000 and 32% matched with older varieties. Among the varieties grown, BARI Gom 25 represented 29% of the collected samples followed by 23% of BARI Gom 24 and 16% of BARI Gom 26. These three most common varieties were well distributed across the six regions and have broad adoption. Core Ideas: High throughput DNA fingerprinting can be efficiently used for assessment of varietal adoption.68% of samples identified as varieties released after 2000 and 32% matched with older varieties.Improving management of wheat breeder seed is essential for accurate adoption studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims: To assess changes in glucose metrics and their association with psychological distress and lifestyle changes in patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D) using flash glucose monitoring (FGM) during lockdown following severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 outbreak. Materials and methods: Single‐centre, observational, retrospective study enrolling T1D patients who attended a remote visit on April 2020 at the Endocrinology division of the University Hospital Policlinico Consorziale, Bari, Italy. Lockdown‐related changes in physical activity level and dietary habits were assessed on a semi‐quantitative basis. Changes in general well‐being were assessed by the General Health Questionnaire‐12 items with a binary scoring system. Glucose metrics were obtained from the Libreview platform for the first 2 weeks of February 2020 (T0) and the last 2 weeks before the phone visit (T1). Results: Out of 84 patients assessed for eligibility, 48 had sufficient FGM data to be included in the analysis. FGM data analysis revealed significant reductions in coefficient of variation, number of hypoglycaemic events, and time below range, while no changes were found in time in range, time above range, mean sensor glucose, and glucose management indicator. Moreover, the frequency of sweets consumption was inversely related to the occurrence of hypoglycaemic events during lockdown. Conclusions: Lockdown‐related lifestyle changes, albeit unhealthy, may lead to reduction in FGM‐derived measures of hypoglycaemia and glycaemic variability in patients with T1D. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Social innovation represents a social practice that aims to meet social needs by involving communities in dialogues through participatory and collaborative approaches. One new and particular solution of social innovation is represented by Urban Civic Networks. However, considering the novelty of this topic, neither the benefits nor the role of public entities in implementing such practice of social innovation, nor the strengths of the implementation process are known, yet. This study aims to fill this gap through the analysis of a single‐case study, based upon theories of social innovation and social change, referring to the City of Bari. Results show that implementation of Urban Civic Networks generates both tangible and intangible benefits and demonstrate that local government plays a pivotal and leading role in the implementation process. Finally, they show that the strengths of this practice are connected to bottom‐up approaches enabling efficient knowledge management and collaboration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses the symposium on proximal sensing applications in soil science held in Bari, Italy on July 2-6, 2014.

The article offers the author's insights regarding the interest of colorectal surgeon Gemellus related to colonic injuries in the U.S. and Bari, Italy. The author states the Gemellus's ideas on colorectal cancer (CRC), along with its diagnosis and treatment. He discusses some surgical techniques on colonic injuries including the laparoscopic appendicectomy, the Hartmann's resection and the dynamic transperineal ultrasound (DTP-US) among patients.

Presents the author's recollections studying and working towards becoming a biochemist of the department of medical biochemistry and biology of the University of Bari in Italy. Educational background; Career development in biochemistry; Inspirational figures; Working affiliations; Biochemistry topics studied including amino acids and the mitochondria.