1. The beetle's structural protein CPCFC making elytra tough and rigid.
- Author
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Bao, Han, Liu, Yuantao, Duan, Yanwei, Chen, Lei, and Yang, Qing
- Subjects
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CYTOSKELETAL proteins , *RECOMBINANT proteins , *CUTICLE , *ANIMAL locomotion , *EXTRACELLULAR matrix , *CHITIN - Abstract
The insect cuticle, which serves as both a protective barrier and an efficient lever system for locomotion, is an extracellular matrix primarily composed of chitin and protein. The cuticle protein CPCFC characterized by a “CFC” motif containing 2 Cys split by the insertion of 5 residues is distributed across most insect species and specifically localized in the hard part of the cuticle. However, their physiological function is not fully understood. Here, we report 2 CPCFC proteins,
Tc CPCFC1 andTc CPCFC2, derived from the Coleopteran insectTribolium castaneum . We revealed thatTcCPCFC1 andTcCPCFC2 were predominantly expressed during the larval and adult stages ofT. castaneum , respectively. The transcription downregulation ofTcCPCFC1 significantly decreased the modulus and toughness of the elytral cuticle. We found thatTc CPCFC proteins have high binding affinity to chitin. We cloned and produced recombinantTc CPCFC proteins and demonstrated that the addition ofTc CPCFC proteins to chitin hydrogel greatly enhanced the hydrogel's modulus and toughness by forming denser chitin fibrous networks. Our findings reveal the functional role of CPCFC proteins in enhancing mechanical properties of insect cuticle, and we validate this processin vitro , and offer a protein candidate for fabrication of advanced chitin‐based materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2024
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