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A 2(5H)‐furanone bearing two furyl rings was synthesized. The behavior of this furanone toward some nitrogen nucleophiles, namely, hydrazine hydrate, benzylamine, and ammonium acetate, was studied. The nitrile group at position‐3 of the furanone was utilized to construct thiazolidine ring by the action of thioglycollic acid. The acid hydrazide synthesized from the previous step was allowed to react with some carbonyl compounds, namely, acetonylacetone, acetylacetone, ethyl acetoacetate, ethyl cinnamate, diethylmalonate, phthalic anhydride, benzil, and 4‐methoxybenzaldehyde, to form pyrrole, pyrazole, and pyrazolopyridazine ring systems bearing two furyl groups. The structures of all the products obtained were illustrated from their analytical and spectral data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

2‐Chloroquinoline‐3‐carboxaldehyde and 1,3‐diphenylpyrazole‐4‐carbaldehyde were condensed with thiocarbohydrazide and malonic acid hydrazide derivatives. The condensation products obtained were converted into pyrazolidinoquinoline, pyrazoloquinoline, pyrrazolyl tetrazine, and thiazolidinone derivatives. The structures of all the products obtained were elucidated from their analytical and spectral data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A series of ( Z)-methyl 2( Z)-3-substituted-2-(cycloalkylidenehydrazono)-4-oxothiazolidin-5-ylidene)-acetate derivatives were synthesized via condensation alkylidene- N-substituted hydrazinecarbothioamides with dimethyl acetylenedicarboxylate. The synthesized compounds were characterized by using different spectroscopic methods and confirmed by single crystal X-ray analysis. The behavior of (cyclic-alkylidene) hydrazinecarbothioamides in cyclization was presented. The mechanism of transformation of ( Z)-methyl 2-(( Z)-3-(cyclopentylideneamino)-4-oxo-2-(phenylimino)thiazolidin-5-ylidene)acetate ( 14) into the more stable ( Z)-Methyl 2-[( Z)-2-(cyclopentylidenehydrazono)-4-oxo-3-phenylthiazolidin-5-ylidene]acetate ( 5a) was discussed and confirmed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To validate a prediction model for vaginal birth after cesarean (VBAC) that incorporates variables available at admission for delivery among Middle Eastern women.Methods: The present prospective cohort study enrolled women at 37weeks of pregnancy or more with cephalic presentation who were willing to attempt a trial of labor (TOL) after a single prior low transverse cesarean delivery at Al-Jahra Hospital, Kuwait, between June 2013 and June 2014. The predicted success rate of VBAC determined via the close-to-delivery prediction model of Grobman et al. was compared between participants whose TOL was and was not successful.Results: Among 203 enrolled women, 140 (69.0%) had successful VBAC. The predicted VBAC success rate was higher among women with successful TOL (82.4%±13.1%) than among those with failed TOL (67.7%±18.3%; P<0.001). There was a high positive correlation between actual and predicted success rates. For deciles of predicted success rate increasing from >30%-40% to >90%-100%, the actual success rate was 20%, 30.7%, 38.5%, 59.1%, 71.4%, 76%, and 84.5%, respectively (r=0.98, P=0.013).Conclusion: The close-to-delivery prediction model was found to be applicable to Middle Eastern women and might predict VBAC success rates, thereby decreasing morbidities associated with failed TOL. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Rationale, aims and objectives Pharmacists are expected to play an important role in applying pharmacogenomics discoveries to patient care. Despite the increased attention to genetic research in Qatar, clinicians' attitudes towards the application of pharmacogenomics are not yet explored. The aim of this study was to assess the awareness and attitude of pharmacists compared with doctors towards pharmacogenomics and its implications by submitting an electronic-based survey to all pharmacists and doctors currently working in a large medical corporation in Qatar. Methods A cross-sectional survey instrument was developed based on literature review. Eligible participants were pharmacists and doctors currently practicing in Hamad Medical Corporation hospitals in Qatar. The survey comprised questions on demographic and professional characteristics. It also evaluated the awareness, attitudes and challenges towards pharmacogenomics and its application. Results We collected 202 surveys, 108 (53.2%) of which were pharmacists and the remaining 94 (46.5%) were doctors. The overall participants' mean total awareness score percentage was low (39% ± 22) and there were no difference between the mean score achieved by pharmacists and doctors. Pharmacists had significantly more positive attitudes than doctors towards: (i) taking the responsibility of applying pharmacogenomics to drug therapy selection, dosing and monitoring; (ii) perceiving a positive role of pharmacogenomics testing on the control of drug expenditure; and (iii) their willingness to participate in pharmacogenomics-related training sessions. Both pharmacists and doctors perceived lack of knowledge and guidelines as major challenges towards the application of pharmacogenomics in Qatar. Conclusion Despite doctors' and pharmacists' low level of awareness towards pharmacogenomics, they both have positive attitudes towards the clinical implications of pharmacogenomics. Pharmacists are more motivated to learn about pharmacogenomics and are more willing to take initiatives in its clinical application and patient education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]