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Aim In the present study, we evaluated the influence of surface sealing on color stability and surface roughness of a composite resin after accelerated artificial aging. Methods Thirty-two specimens of a composite were prepared. After 24 h, the specimens were polished and divided into four groups ( n = 8), according to the surface sealant used, including the control, which had no sealant application. Baseline color was measured according to the CIELab system using a reflection spectrophotometer. Surface roughness was determined using a profilometer with a cut-off of 0.25 mm. After these tests, specimens were aged for 252 h in an ultraviolet ( UV)-accelerated aging chamber. Color stability was determined by difference between coordinates obtained before and after the aging procedure. Data of color change and roughness were evaluated by anova and Fisher's exact test ( α = 0.05). Results The results showed that the unsealed group had the highest color change compared to other groups ( P = 0.0289), and there was no significant difference between groups sealed with surface sealant ( P > 0.05). The artificial aging caused an increase in roughness values independent of the experimental group studied ( P = 0.0015). Conclusion The sealed composites showed lower color change after UV aging, but all groups showed clinically-acceptable color change, and only liquid polish decreased roughness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]