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In this article, a generic VLSI architecture which is both programmable and scalable is proposed for block-matching motion estimation algorithms. Various motion estimation algorithms can be implemented using the proposed architecture by organizing the individual search positions (checking points) into checking vectors. A checking vector is processed in parallel by fully exploiting its data dependency. The optimal choice for the size of checking vector is discussed based on the design tradeoffs among processing speed, silicon area, and I/O bandwidth. Appropriate designs are recommended for various video applications. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Int J Imaging Syst Technol, 9, 257–273, 1998 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Benzocyclobutene (BCB), a low-k, photosensitive, easily patterned material is used as the interfacing layer that isolates the passive components from the lossy, low-resistivity silicon. Its performance is further improved by reducing the conductive loss with an electroplated and highly-conductive metal, namely, copper. Standard 50-Ω microstrip lines and a microstrip-transmission-line-based microwave filter, exhibiting insertion losses of 0.8 dB and 1.1 dB at 10 GHz, respectively, are demonstrated. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Microwave Opt Technol Lett 40: 9–11, 2004; Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI 10.1002/mop.11271 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]