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Background: Lichenoid vulvar dermatoses (LVD) are inflammatory diseases primarily affecting the vulva and anus. This study aims to evaluate the skin changes in patients with LVD using high‐frequency ultrasound. Methods: Forty‐five patients with LVD, who attended Henan Provincial People's Hospital from November 2021 to March 2024, were selected. According to the pathological conclusions, patients were divided into two groups: the vulvar lichen sclerosus (VLS) group (n = 24) and the vulvar lichen simplex chronicus (VLSC) group (n = 21). Thirty age‐ and BMI‐matched healthy women were selected as the control group. We assessed the epidermal thickness, subepidermal low echogenic band (SLEB) thickness, dermal thickness, and vascular index (VI) among the three groups. Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis was performed to determine the diagnostic efficacy of these ultrasound parameters for LVD. Binary logistic regression was used to investigate risk factors influencing LVD pathology in VLS patients. Results: Epidermal thickness, SLEB thickness, dermal thickness, and VI were increased in the VLS and VLSC groups compared to the control group (p < 0.05). There were no statistically significant differences in ultrasound parameters between the VLS and VLSC groups (p > 0.05). The ROC curves showed that the area under the curve (AUC) value for the dermis (AUC = 0.882) was the largest for VLS, and VI (AUC = 0.917), it was the largest for VLSC. Binary logistic regression indicated that having an allergic disease was a risk factor for VLS between VLS and VLSC groups (OR = 6.797, p = 0.028). Conclusion: High‐frequency ultrasound can detect thickening of the skin and increasing VI in patients with LVD, which can be helpful in the evaluation and management of LVD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Metal selenides have been widely studied as anodes for lithium‐ion batteries, owing to the excellent electrochemical performance. However, the large volume change and poor conductivity may lead to unsatisfactory cycling stability and rate capability. Herein, the FeSe2/carbon matrix nanoparticles embedded into N‐doped graphene sheets (NGS) are designed and synthesized through a two‐step method. When employed as anodes for lithium‐ion batteries, the FeSe2/C@NGS composites exhibit high reversible specific capacities and excellent cycling stabilities of 757.0 mAh g−1 after 100 cycles at 100 mA g−1 and 593.8 mAh g−1 after 1000 cycles at 2000 mA g−1. The carbon matrix and NGS construct binary conductive networks, which not only improve the inner conductivity of FeSe2 and conductivity between FeSe2/C nanoparticles, but also provide elastic buffer space to sustain the structural strain and accommodate the volume expansion and contraction of electrodes during the discharge and charge process. Furthermore, the reversible redox reaction of FeSe2 involves the formation of Fe and Li2Se during the cycling process. This work may open a new avenue for electrode material synthesis methodologies using metal‐organic frameworks as a template and to explore the lithium storage mechanisms of metal selenides for next‐generation batteries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) targeting calcitonin gene‐related peptide (CGRP) signaling are being explored as prophylactic treatments for migraine. Erenumab (AMG 334) is the first potent, selective, and competitive human mAb antagonist of the CGRP receptor. We report the data from two phase I studies assessing the safety, pharmacokinetics (PK), and pharmacodynamics of single and multiple administrations of erenumab in healthy subjects and patients with migraine. The results indicate that the PK profile of erenumab is nonlinear from 1 mg to 70 mg and the linear portion of the clearance from 70 mg to 210 mg is consistent with other human immunoglobulin G2 antibodies. Single doses of erenumab resulted in >75% inhibition of capsaicin‐induced dermal blood flow, with no apparent dose‐dependency for erenumab ≥21 mg. Erenumab was generally well tolerated, with an acceptable safety profile, supporting further clinical development of erenumab for migraine prevention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A great number of studies have proven that sHsps protect cells by inhibiting protein aggregation under heat stress, while little is known about their function to protect cells under acid stress. In this work, we show that Hsp20.1 and Hsp14.1 oligomers dissociated to smaller oligomeric species or even dimer/monomer at low pH (pH 4.0 and pH 2.0), whereas no prominent quaternary structural changes were seen at 50 °C. Both oligomers and smaller oligomeric species exhibited abilities to suppress client aggregation at low pH and at 50 °C. These results suggest that sHsps may function in different modes in different stressed conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Transition metal carbonates are promising anodes for energy storage and conversion due to their advantages of facile synthesis, large theoretical capacities, and high electrochemical activities. However, the poor electronic conductivity, slow ion transport, and high volume expansion lead to the capacity loss of transition metal carbonates. Herein, hierarchical Ni(HCO3)2 nanosheets are directly grown on carbon nanofibers (CNFs) via electrospinning and hydrothermal methods. The 3D CNFs can not only improve the electronic conductivity and shorten diffusion length but also fasten electron/ionic transport and release the volume change. Ni(HCO3)2 nanosheets anchored on CNFs exhibit excellent lithium storage performance with a high cycling stability and good rate capability. It delivers an initial discharge capacity of 3807.6 mAh g−1 and a reversible capacity of 1261.1 mAh g−1 after 100 cycles at 200 mA g−1. This work may shed light on the preparation of other binder‐free transition metal carbonates and make them as high‐performance electrodes in flexible electronic devices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]