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In this work, nitrogen‐defective g‐C3N4 with different nitrogen defect densities is synthesized for ciprofloxacin photocatalytic degradation. Compared with pristine g‐C3N4, g‐C3N4 etched with NaBH4 for 1 h exhibits an approximately ten‐fold increase in the rate constant of ciprofloxacin (CIP) degradation. The combined experimental analysis and theoretical calculations reveal that nitrogen defects can be incorporated into g‐C3N4 in all nitrogen sites and that C─N═C is the most susceptible site. By incorporating nitrogen defects to induce defect states between the conduction band (CB) and valence band (VB), the electronic and band structures are tuned. The induced defect states can be downshifted to approach the valance band, reaching increased nitrogen defect density within optimum ranges to accommodate excited electrons to narrow the bandgap, extend the light absorption capability, and enhance the charge carrier separation and transfer efficiency. The g‐C3N4 etched by NaBH4 for 2 h with over‐introduced nitrogen defects exhibits a declined performance due to a deteriorated structure, and the over‐downshifted defect states turn out to be a new recombination center for charge carriers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper provides a simulation model for the electronic paper display device, the model can quickly and efficiently simulate the initial steady state of the electronic ink system, thus improving the efficiency of device development. It mainly includes the following contents: Obtaining the parameters of the model, then the built‐in electric field strength is calculated through the model parameter information and the pre‐ constructed built‐in electric field model. The motion of each charged particle is simulated to obtain the simulation relationship between the display gray scale and the applied electric field force. Finally, it make various charged particles reach the force equilibrium state, so as to realize the simulation of the voltage‐gray scale relationship of electronic ink system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, an 11‐layer thin film with the thickness of 0.58 μm is designed to be placed under the red and green pixels. This film exhibits a blue light reflectance of 95% and a transmittance of 99% for red and green light. Additionally, the thickness of the RCF and GCF is reduced from the original 2 μm to 1 μm. Experimental results demonstrate a 19.9% increase in backlight transmittance and a color gamut reaching 118% sRGB. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Folded optical path designs have been widely applied in Virtual Reality (Pancake VR) displays in recent years. Compared with the traditional straight‐through and Fresnel optical path design, the Pancake design has obvious advantages in smaller size and clearer virtual image. However, the Pancake optical path uses polarization devices to fold the optical path and, light undergoes multiple refractions and reflections between lens groups, thus inevitably introducing stray light. This stray light greatly reduces the contrast ratio even if taking high‐contrasting Mini‐LED backlight LCD as panel, and seriously affects the user experience. In this paper, we first analyze the causes of stray light in the Pancake design and then propose an effective optical design method. In addition, an effective process scheme for improving image contrast is proposed by analyzing the impact of lens and tube reflectivity. Further, a prototype of the Pancake VR optical module is successfully implemented with low stray light and high contrast ratio. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Electrospun nanofibers (NFs) have shown excellent properties including high porosity, abundant active sites, controllable diameter, uniform and designable structure, high mechanical strength, and superior resistance to external destruction, which are ideal nanoreactors for in situ characterizations. Among various techniques, in situ transmission electron microscopy (TEM) has enabled operando observation at the atomic level due to its high temporal and spatial resolution combined with excellent sensitivity, which is of great importance for rational materials design and performance improvement. In this review, the basic knowledge of in situ TEM techniques and the advantages of electrospun nanoreactors for in situ TEM characterization are first introduced. The recent development in electrospun nanoreactors for studying the physical properties, structural evolution, phase transition, and formation mechanisms of materials using in situ TEM is then summarized. The electrochemical behaviors of carbon nanofibers (CNFs), metal/metal oxide NFs, and solid‐electrolyte interphase for different rechargeable batteries are highlighted. Finally, challenges faced by electrospun nanoreactors for in situ TEM characterization are discussed and potential solutions are proposed to advance this field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Lithium‐ion batteries with polymer electrolytes (PEs) are promising candidates for high safety performance batteries. However, conventional PEs suffer from poor compatibility and high impedance of electrolyte–electrode interfaces. Herein, we present a method of the interfacial modification for PEs to inhibit lithium dendrites based on the solution to the interfacial compatibility. Our strategy is to improve the interfacial properties and inhibit the dendrite generation by coating a modified layer on PEs of the anode side with acetylene black (AB) and MXene. The mixed conductive layer (MCL) can promote the generation of Li3N and LiF with a uniform arrangement of electrons to form a dense solid electrolyte interphase layer and the even lithium‐ion deposition for improving the performance and stability of the battery during cycling. After adding the MCL, the discharge capacity of solid lithium‐ion batteries (SLIBs) with lithium bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide (LiTFSI)/organic modified montmorillonite (OMMT)/soybean isolate protein (SPI)/poly(vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) (LOSP) PE from 74.2 mAh g−1 up to 111.1 mAh g−1 (AB‐LiTFSI/OMMT/SPI/PVDF (AB‐LOSP)) and 111.6 mAh g−1 (AB/MXene‐LiTFSI/OMMT/SPI/PVDF (AB/MXene‐LOSP)). The polarization voltage dropped by 0.06 and 0.12 V, respectively. This work represents a milestone in the dendrite‐free SLIBs with good performances. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A low power consumption is an essential issue for all of the electrical products, especially for the wearable electrical products, and the liquid crystal displays. This manuscript proposed a single polarized light emitting diode (LED) chip which is used for a direct back light unit for LCD. A wire grid polarizer and a meta‐ surface textures are set on the top and bottom of the LED chip in order to obtain a high polarization and transparency. After optimization the potential parameters, the transmittance of TM and the polarization are 93.71% and 99.3% respectively. It can replace the normal LED of direct back light unit in order to obtain a high efficiency of 20% improvement, by comparing liquid crystal display using the APF polarizer. It can be used for reducing power consumption and supply dependence, as well as the cost of displays. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A low power consumption is an essential issue for all of the electrical products, especially for the wearable electrical products, and the liquid crystal displays. This manuscript proposed a single polarized light emitting diode (LED) chip which is used for a direct back light unit for LCD. A wire grid polarizer and a meta‐surface textures are set on the top and bottom of the LED chip in order to obtain a high polarization and transparency. After optimization the potential parameters, the transmittance of TM and the polarization are 93.71% and 99.3% respectively. It can replace the normal LED of direct back light unit in order to obtain a high efficiency of 20% improvement, by comparing liquid crystal display using the APF polarizer. It can be used for reducing power consumption and supply dependence, as well as the cost of displays. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A low power consumption is one of the most important issue for all of the electrical products, especially for wearable products. This manuscript proposed a polarized light emitting diode (LED) chip which is used for a direct back light unit for LCD. A wire grid polarizer and a meta-surface textures are set on the top and bottom of the LED chip in order to obtain a high polarization ratio and transparency. After optimizing the potential parameters, the transmittance of TM and the polarization can reach up to 93.71% and 99.3% respectively. It can replace the normal LED in direct back light unit, and obtain an improved efficiency of 20%, when comparing liquid crystal display with a bottom APF polarizer. It can be used for reducing power consumption and supply dependence, as well as the cost of displays. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The increasing demand for new energy sources has promoted the improvement of the energy storage capacity of lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs) that urged the development of higher energy density cathode materials. The enhancement of the classical cathode in the last 30 years has reached a bottleneck, and then the discovery of the lithium‐excess disordered materials has greatly expanded the research space of the cathode materials. Compared with the conventional layered oxides, the lithium‐excess disordered rock‐salt oxides (LEDRXs) with a more stable structure has higher extractable Li+ content, even though the inactive high‐valent transition metals (TMs) were needed to compensate for the excess Li, which would reduce the total TM redox content. In addition, oxygen redox provides additional electron capacity for the materials, which also causes O loss and results in the subsequent poor cycle performance. Herein, a series of studies about LEDRXs and their targeted modification measures are summarized, including the prospect of the materials, in order to provide ideas for the design of high‐performance LEDRXs. Finally, the new discoveries and outlook on future research directions of LEDRX cathode materials for LIBs with higher energy density are given. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper proposes a new type of display driver circuit and TFT device structure, studies the brightness control technology of high PPI Micro LED display, uses the inverter PWM driver module loaded in the traditional internal compensation driver circuit, when the low gray scale display, By triggering PWM module, the PWM is used to further divide the low gray scale under PAM mode again, so as to increase the gray level. Meanwhile, the introduction of Micro LED reverse NMOS and PMOS laminator TFT increases the PPI from 233 to 314 retinal level. Realized the Micro LED HD display and low brightness controllable demand. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

LED display is not only used in the PM‐driven display devices we often see in PCB substrates, but also in the future, it can also be applied to glass‐based substrates of mobile phones, notebook computers, TVs and other consumer electronic products that require higher display image quality and low power consumption, may also be automotive, high‐speed rail, subway and other applications that require high reliability. It can also be applied to AR and even VR applications that require high brightness and high resolution and based on the characteristics of its LED inorganic light‐emitting devices, a variety of innovative applications can be developed indefinitely. This paper elaborates the innovative scheme of LED display based on glass substrate, combined with the TFT transistor process of glass substrate, driving circuit and innovative LED light‐emitting device, and proposes an innovative scheme for LED display applications [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This report discusses a glass based ultra‐thin Red, Green and Blue Mini‐LED direct back light for high‐end professional liquid crystal displays. In this work, a gradient reflected pattern combined Mini‐LED driving lines reflect light scattering between the patterns and back reflector of back light unit, and therefore enlarge Mini‐LED optical length. A group of a red, green and red Mini‐LED is using to generate white for display, replacing a 0.3–0.5mm thick color changing film. The total thickness of Mini‐LED direct back light is reduced to 1.595mm when the Mini‐LED pitch is about 4.75mm. This direct back light can realize high‐dynamic range to improving display quality without cost consumption and then extend lifetime liquid crystal display lifetime in coming decent years. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

When illuminated by sunlight, as‐proposed novel fluorescence enhanced optical resonator could not only reflect the specific light, but also convert absorbed energy into desired light, leading to utilization efficiency improvement of solar energy. An all‐dielectric red fluorescence enhanced optical resonator was fabricated, with peak equivalent reflectance up to 105%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Herein, we report the first synthesis of colloidal C4N quantum dots (QDs) and their functional composites and explore their optical activities and edge‐selective polysulfide adsorption‐catalysis. As‐obtained C4NQDs are rich in carbonyl groups and edges, allowing good solution processability and facile assembly with other moieties for creating functionalities. While C4NQDs show normal fluorescence (FL), the QD/poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) composites give FL/room‐temperature‐phosphorescence (RTP) dual‐mode emission, enabling the corresponding solution to be used as an encryption ink. The QDs anchored onto carbon nanotubes can be used as a barrier layer to decorate commercial separators, endowing a Li−S cell with excellent cycling stability, high rate capability, and large areal capacity. Computation and experiment studies show that edge sites in C4N favor polysulfide adsorption and catalysis and the enriched edges and carbonyl groups in QDs synergically promotecatalytic conversion of sulfur species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Reciprocal translocation and Robertsonian translocation are known to be causative factors of male infertility. However, the association between autosomal reciprocal translocation, Robertsonian translocation and semen parameters remains controversial. We performed a retrospective study and systematic review to investigate semen parameters in patients with autosomal reciprocal translocation or Robertsonian translocation. We recruited a total of 1,033 controls, 723 reciprocal translocation carriers and 326 Robertsonian translocation carriers. Men in the control, reciprocal translocation and Robertsonian translocation groups had a median age of 32.0 (95% CI, 32.0–33.0), 32.0 (95% CI, 32.0–33.0) and 33.0 (95% CI, 32.0–33.0) years respectively. Results showed that sperm concentration, total number per ejaculate, total motility, progressive motility of autosomal reciprocal translocation and Robertsonian translocation carriers were statistically lower than controls (p <.001). Eleven studies featuring 794 patients were enrolled in this systematic review. Compared with controls, autosomal reciprocal translocation and Robertsonian translocation carriers showed lower sperm concentration, total motility, progressive motility and normal morphology. Our results support the conclusion that sperm concentration, total number per ejaculate, total motility and progressive motility are significantly lower in autosomal reciprocal translocation and Robertsonian translocation carriers than in controls. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Genetic abnormalities occur in approximately 15% of male infertility cases, including mutations in DNA and changes in structure or number of chromosomes (Ferlin et al., [5]). We analysed single translocated chromosomes of these 758 male reciprocal translocation carriers and found that reciprocal translocations are more frequently appearing in the smaller chromosome number, particularly in chromosome 1 (Figure 1a,b), which were consistent with previous study (Bache et al., [2]). Based on this cohort of patients, which enrolled 758 non-familial male reciprocal translocation carriers, this study aimed to illustrate the distribution of breakpoints in reciprocal translocation carriers. [Extracted from the article]

In this paper, through the analysis of silicon based OLED, reference to simulation data and measured data, a comprehensive interpretation of the role of P‐mos in silicon based OLED voltage pixel drive circuit and advantages and disadvantages. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This work discusses a super thin Mini‐LED direct back light for upscale liquid crystal displays. In this manuscript, it is that Mini‐LED light is reflected between a gradient reflected pattern combined with Mini‐LED driving lines and back reflector of back light unit. The optical length is therefore enlarged in limited distance, which means that the diffusor plate and optical distance can be removed. Meanwhile, light from a red, a green and a blue Mini‐LED is mixing to generate white for display, replacing a 0.3–0.5mm thick color changing film, such as quantum dot enhancement film. The total thickness of this designed Mini‐LED back light is about 1.595mm when Mini‐LED pitch is 4.75mm. The measured uniformity and optical efficiency are verified as designs above 90% and 45%. Additionally, this direct back light can realize high‐dynamic range to improving display quality with lower power consumption. This work not only improves display quanlity in limited thickness, but also extends lifetime of liquid crystal display in coming future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years, as a hot inorganic luminescent materials, Quantum dots have been widely used in display devices because of their high photoluminescence efficiency and excellent color gamut. In order to further improve the performance of LCD display devices, we consider introducing quantum dot color film into the structure of LCD. In this report, we pixelate the QDs to replace the traditional color film, this is different from the QD was widely used method which QDs was made into thin film as part of the back light unit. Compared with the general LCD, QDCF can achieve higher efficiency, higher color gamut and wider viewing angle, in order to solve the polarization of the liquid crystal cell, we use WGP In liquid crystal cell to achieve high contrast ratio. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper analyzes the mechanism of the production and improvement of the mura of metal reflection in OLED FMLOC products. We qualify test indicators according to the benchmark of what human eyes could actually see and develop the simulation software, through which we can simulate the intuitive mura images matching well with the actual phenomenon. We also set up the design rule, divide the touch unit into 3 areas: bulk, boundary and bridge by a specific cut map, thus producing a device which the human can not identify mura. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Feature visualization engineering of convolutional neural network is a basic research project in deep learning. The working principle of network, the image features extracted from network and classification basis of images can be revealed, by visualization the extracted features. In this paper, the de‐convolution and CAM method are used to visualize array defect features extracted by CNN. We find that the low‐layer network of CNN is unselective, and its main function is to separate all objects in the picture from their background, this is why the low‐layer networks' parameters usually do not been trained in transfer learning. Instead, the selectivity is slowly emerging in high‐layer networks and only the object features related to classification are preserved. At the same time, we find that the classification of array defects is not only related to itself, but also to its background, this can also explain why array defect classification is more difficult. On the other hand, this paper verifies the importance of array defect attributes in defect classification by counting the accuracy of network identification after modified the defect attributes, and a defect recognition disturbance rate index was defined to quantify the dependence of defect classification results on its attributes. Finally, the images edited by defect attributes with high disturbance rate are added to the training set, and the defect recognition accuracy is improved by 3% ~ 5%. This method can be used to judge the importance of each array defect attribute, find out the crucial attributes and pinpoint the completeness of training data in CNN classification. At the same time, it can explain the classification principle of CNN and provide necessary guidance and help for attribute image collection and CNN classification accuracy improvement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Herein, we explore a new redox donor–acceptor conjugated microporous polymer (AQ‐CMP) by utilizing anthraquinone and benzene as linkers via C‐C linkages and demonstrate the first use of CMP as ultralong‐lived anodes for rechargeable air batteries. AQ‐CMP features an interconnected octupole network, which affords not only favorable electronic structure for enhanced electron transport and n‐doping activity compared to linear counterpart, but also high density of active sites for maximizing the formula‐weight‐based redox capability. This coupled with highly cross‐linked and porous structure endows AQ‐CMP with a specific capacity of 202 mAh g−1 (96 % of theoretical capacity) at 2 Ag−1 and ≈100 % capacity retention over 60000 charge/discharge cycles. The assembled CMP‐air full cell shows a stable and high capacity with full capacity recovery after only refreshing cathodes, while the decoupled electrolyte and cathode design boosts the discharge voltage and voltage efficiency to ≈1 V and 87.5 %. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We studied and prepared the focus tunable LC lens for 2D/3D switchable displays according to equivalent‐optical retaration principle. In order to obtain the smooth parabolic curve, we optimized the LC cell gap, driving voltage, and electrode slit numbers using Techwiz software. Finally, we got an LC lens demo with 156um pitch and 725 um focal length, which have a good optical profile and ~1.2% crosstalk when used to 3D display(~1.5% reference as to fixed lens). Also, the MTF results showed the LC lens had an equal image quality level compared to the fixed resin lens. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An efficient approach to the type III lepadin alkaloids (lepadins F and G) has been developed through a key Diels–Alder reaction, in which a novel ketolactone‐type dienophile with chiral diol unit is employed to generate the desirable all‐cis‐trisubstituted cyclohexene with excellent regio‐ and stereoselectivity control. The subsequent selective sulfonylation of the diol unit followed by SN2 cyclization under hydrogenation conditions could construct the substituted piperidine ring. By using this approach, (−)‐lepadin F is synthesized from ethyl l‐lactate for the first time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Polymer dielectric composites, which possess high dielectric and loss suppression with excellent mechanical properties, are of crucial importance in practical applications. Herein, high‐density polyethylene/nitrile rubber/multiwalled carbon nanotube (HDPE/NBR/MWCNT) composites were fabricated by the dynamic vulcanization (DV) technique. The effect of DV on the structure and properties of HDPE/NBR/MWCNTs was systematically investigated. The results illustrate that the DV technique combines the advantages of the crosslinked phase and melt processability of thermoplastics. With the increase of dicumyl peroxide content, the dielectric permittivity and the mechanical properties clearly increase, due to a better compatibility and dispersibility achieved by DV. More importantly, a continuous decrease of dielectric loss and conductivity are observed with the increase of dicumyl peroxide content. These can probably be assigned to the combination of better dispersion and slower chain mobility of the NBR phase induced by crosslinking. © 2020 Society of Industrial Chemistry [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A first attempt is made to present a detailed mesoscopic‐level description of the conformation and equilibrium dynamic properties of macromolecular chains in ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene/polypropylene blends driven by extension‐dominated coupled flow, in comparison with shear‐dominated coupled flow. Extension‐dominated coupled flow can be defined as γ˙= 0.005, ε˙≥ 0.1 and shear‐dominated coupled flow as ε˙= 0.1, γ˙≥ 1, as verified by the time‐dependent evolution tendency of cell parameters and velocity profiles along the x, y, z directions. In the case of extension‐dominated coupled flow, the chains are greatly elongated and prefer to align along the flow direction, where the polypropylene chains appear to form a somewhat uniform layer. By comparison, the macromolecular chains assume a highly collapsed conformation and have a greater preference to align themselves perpendicular to the flow direction under shear‐dominated coupled flow, which can be ascribed to the rapid diffusion of polymer chains and a minor role of the weak van de Waals interaction in structural transitions. Analyses of conformational behavior derived from dissipative particle dynamics trajectories can, in general, serve as a useful guideline for experimental investigations of ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene based materials prepared by eccentric rotor extrusion. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the increasing of pixel density, the wiring becomes denser and the aperture ratio becomes smaller, which leads a loss in transmittance of LCD products. It is a big challenge to develop a high resolution LCD display without much loss in brightness. In this paper, We report a novel method to increase transmittance of the liquid crystal display by thin films optical optimization. We optimized the transmission curve of array substrate by thin film optical model, which is match well with the backlight spectrum and the transmission curve of LC, CF substrate and polarizer. This method was applied in LTPS and oxide LCD product. The transmittance can be improved by 5.5% and 5.06% compared with the original plan, without much influence on electrical characteristics and reliability of the products. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Two new synthetic approaches to anhydrogabosines are developed from the polyoxygenated aldol cyclization intermediates, bearing different O‐protecting groups, which were transformed to various gabosine‐type cyclitols. Selective sulfonylation on the required hydroxyl group of the intermediates and the subsequent oxirane ring closure are employed as the key steps in both approaches, by which (+)‐epoxydon, (–)‐phyllostine, (–)‐RKTS 33, and (–)‐parasitenone were synthesized from δ‐d‐gluconolactone. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Multiple steps are needed to achieve the C−H functional of aromatic aldehyde, since the C−H functional reaction usually occurs preferentially at the aldehydic C−H bond over the aryl C−H bond. We report an efficient azidation method mediated by dirhodium(II) catalysts to achieve the direct aryl azidation of aromatic aldehydes avoiding the simultaneous use of protected aldehydes and prefunctionalized arenes. The regioselectivity of this method is similar to those of typical aromatic electrophilic substitution reactions. The resulting azidobenzaldehyde products are versatile building blocks or precursors for the synthesis of many biologically active compounds. The mechanism studies indicate that the one‐electron oxidative intermediate Rh2(II,III)N3 is responsible for the azide transfer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aerobic allylic and benzylic oxidations catalyzed by dirhodium(II) complexes with N‐hydroxyphthalimide (NHPI) are described. The open flask reaction occurs at mild temperature, using air as the oxidant. Mechanistic studies suggest that dirhodium(II) complexes axially coordinate with NHPI to activate the O−H bond in NHPI and decrease the bond‐dissociation energy (BDE). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to meet the demand of high luminance and low power consumption for wearable AR (Augmented Reality) applications, two types of 0.71‐inch RGBW OLED micro‐displays were developed, reaching luminance of more than 5000 cd/m2 with resolution of FHD (1920 × 1080). RGBW mapping and sub‐pixel rendering algorithms were proposed to achieve good performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In quantum dot color filter (QDCF) LCD blue backlight is converted to red/green light separately by red/green quantum dot materials. In cell polarizer is necessary due to the depolarization of quantum dot material. WGP is more promising as in cell polarizer. Therefore it is particularly important to insure the transmittance of blue light as high as possible. In the article, the stacks of WGP and the upper and lower layers were designed to improve the transmittance of blue light. WGP with the upper and lower layers by chemical vapor deposition was fabricated by using nano‐imprinting lithography. The blue light transmittance of WGP in the panel without the upper and lower layers was about 24%. We optimized the design of thin film without changing the structure of WGP to make the transmittance to be increased to 40%. Experimental results showed that the proposed design could achieve a fairly high transmittance 39%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This report discusses a potential reflected color filter for colorful display device. In this design, diffraction gratings could be color filter, reflect specific wavelengths to present blue, green, and red, even cyan and yellow. A 120nm silicon layer lays on a quartz substrate, and the silicon layer was patterned to generate a two‐dimensional circular pillars with different geometric parameters from 180nm pitch to 350nm Meanwhile, it has good tolerance to pillars shape and lattice parameters which are friendly news for volume production. Last but not least, these structures are independence of the polarization and insensitive angular of the incident light of 30°. These RGBCY five primary colors will extend the color gamma to 143% of NTSC. Designed structures can be volume fabricated by nano‐imprint lithography and etching processes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A 13.3‐in. 8K Oxide TFT‐LCD with Smart View driving was reported in this paper. Based on the high performance of Oxide TFT and advanced design rule, the transmittance could be improved 8% compared to traditional type. By Smart View driving, the logical power could be saved 20% on the 4K resolution compared with the 8K mode. The total power of 13.3‐in. 8K TFT‐LCD could be lower to 2.3W by Oxide technology. Meanwhile, the panel border could be reduced to 2.5mm because of the small TFT design. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In quantum dot color filter (QDCF) LCD blue backlight is converted to red/green light separately by red/green quantum dot materials. In cell polarizer is necessary due to the depolarization of quantum dot material. WGP is more promising as in cell polarizer. Therefore it is particularly important to insure the transmittance of blue light as high as possible. In the article, the stacks of WGP and the upper and lower layers were designed to improve the transmittance of blue light. WGP with the upper and lower layers by chemical vapor deposition was fabricated by using nano‐imprinting lithography. The blue light transmittance of WGP in the panel without the upper and lower layers was about 24%. We optimized the design of thin film without changing the structure of WGP to make the transmittance to be increased to 40%. Experimental results showed that the proposed design could achieve a fairly high transmittance 39%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A simple small-signal equivalent circuit based on the physical structure of silicon-on-insulator metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor varactor for substrate loss effects is presented in this paper. The model includes a BSIMSOI charge formulation and physical geometry and process parameter based on parasitic modeling. Key device performances of capacitance and quality factor are validated over voltage, frequency, and geometry. The model, implemented in Verilog-A, provides robust and accurate radiofrequency simulation of metal-oxide-semiconductor varactor. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we introduce a novel photo spacer (PS) structure to address the PS scratching mura on FFS mode. By precise adjustment of relative position of Sub PS and metal Stage in array glass, the PS mura is completely prevented. We put forward prediction model and conducted experiments to test the effectiveness of the scheme. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A novel bidirectional gate driver on array using oxide technology is proposed to reduce abnormal driving risk caused by threshold voltage shifts in TFTs. The robustness of the proposed circuit is verified by simulation and reliability test results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Charging compensation needs to be verified in 75inch oxide 8K4K 120Hz TV panel because pixel charging time is only 1.85us. To faster and cost less, a new method using 3.42inch panel to simulation 5 key positions is proposed. The charging ratio uniformity increases from 85% to 99% along data line direction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A practical strategy for the synthesis of both (-)- and (+)-concentricolide from salicylic acid has been developed. The key feature of the approach is sequential aromatic lithiation and condensation with an aldehyde directed by a chiral oxazoline unit derived either from L-or D-phenylalaninol, which is employed as an auxiliary. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Key points Hypoxaemia was previously shown to lower fetal plasma insulin at euglycaemia and hyperglycaemia. Lowering insulin redistributes nutrients and spares glucose and oxygen., Hypoxaemia also stimulates adrenal medullary secretion of adrenaline and noradrenaline, but the impact of adrenal catecholamines versus local noradrenaline secretion by sympathetic neurons has not been evaluated on insulin concentrations., To determine the impact of adrenal medullary catecholamines on plasma insulin, we surgically demedullated the adrenal glands in fetal sheep and challenged them with acute hypoxaemia., We found that fetal adrenal chromaffin cells were the source for hypoxia-induced increases in plasma adrenaline and noradrenaline., Adrenal medullary catecholamines were essential for suppression of glucose-stimulated hyperinsulinaemia but not for reduced basal insulin concentrations. They also contributed to fetal hyperlactacaemia and hypocarbia independently of their effects on insulin., This study demonstrates that fetal hypoxaemia reduces basal and glucose-stimulated insulin concentrations, but by different mechanisms. Glucose-stimulated hyperinsulinaemia is reduced by elevated plasma catecholamines secreted from the adrenal medulla, which helps to spare glucose and oxygen resources., Abstract Hypoxaemia elicits adrenergic suppression of fetal glucose-stimulated hyperinsulinaemia. We postulate that this effect is mediated by catecholamines, exclusively, from fetal adrenal chromaffin cells. To investigate this hypothesis, square-wave hyperglycaemic clamp studies were performed under normoxaemic (26 ± 0.9 mmHg) and hypoxaemic (14 ± 0.3 mmHg) steady-state conditions in near-term fetal sheep that had undergone either surgical sham or bilateral adrenal demedullation (AD), values mentioned are ± SEM. Under normoxaemic conditions plasma noradrenaline concentrations were lower in AD fetuses than in sham-operated fetuses (457 ± 122 versus 1073 ± 103 pg ml−1, P < 0.05). Plasma insulin concentrations were not different at euglycaemia between shams (0.46 ± 0.07 ng ml−1) and AD fetuses (0.44 ± 0.04 ng ml−1) and increased ( P < 0.05) with hyperglycaemia in both groups although to a lesser extent in AD fetuses (0.94 ± 0.19 ng ml−1) compared to shams (1.31 ± 0.15 ng ml−1; P < 0.05). Hypoxaemia increased plasma adrenaline (26-fold) and noradrenaline (5-fold) in shams but elicited no change in AD fetuses. Under hypoxaemic conditions, euglycaemic plasma insulin concentrations were reduced ( P < 0.05) in both sham and AD fetuses to 0.30 ± 0.05 ng ml−1 and 0.27 ± 0.01 ng ml−1 respectively, and the insulin response to hyperglycaemia was abolished in shams but not affected in AD fetuses (0.33 ± 0.06 versus 0.73 ± 0.02 ng ml−1, P < 0.05). Hypoxaemia also induced hyperlactacaemia and hypocarbia to a greater extent in shams than in AD fetuses, indicating that catecholamines potentiate reductions in oxidative metabolism independently of insulin. These findings demonstrate that the fetal adrenal chromaffin cells are the source for acute hypoxaemia-induced elevations in fetal plasma catecholamines and suppression of glucose-stimulated hyperinsulinaemia, but other factors reduce plasma insulin at euglycaemia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Placental insufficiency-induced intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) fetuses have chronic hypoxaemia and elevated plasma catecholamine concentrations. In this study, we determined whether adrenergic responsiveness becomes desensitized in the perirenal adipose tissue of IUGR fetuses and lambs by measuring adrenergic receptor (AR) mRNA and protein levels. We also tested the ability of adrenaline to mobilize non-esterified fatty acids (NEFAs) in young lambs. Perirenal adipose tissue was collected from IUGR and control fetuses at 133 days of gestational age (dGA) and lambs at 18 days of age (dA). β2-AR mRNA concentrations were 59% and 74% lower ( P < 0.05) in IUGR fetuses and lambs compared to controls, respectively, which also resulted in lower protein levels ( P < 0.05). No treatment differences were detected for α1A-, α1B-, α1D-, α2A-, α2B-, α2C-, β1- and β3-AR expression. mRNA concentrations were also determined for hormone sensitive lipase (HSL), perilipin (lipid droplet-associated protein), and two adipokines, leptin and adiponectin. Adiponectin and HSL were not different between treatments at either age. Compared to controls, perilipin and leptin mRNA concentrations were lower ( P < 0.05) in IUGR fetuses but not in lambs. Because of the β2-AR results, we challenged a second cohort of lambs with exogenous adrenaline at 21 dA. The ability of adrenaline to mobilize NEFA was 55 ± 15% lower ( P < 0.05) in IUGRs than controls. Collectively, our findings indicate that elevated catecholamine exposure in utero causes desensitization of adipose tissue by down-regulation of β2-AR, and this persists in lambs. This impairment in adrenergic stimulated lipolysis might partially explain early onset obesity in IUGR offspring. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper presents the highest 5644 PPI Micro‐display completion which performs the FHD resolution in one 0.39 inch display. A 4.5um pixel by sub‐pixel rendering (SPR) technic is applied to achieve the demonstration in reliable and qualified image performance for near‐eye application especially in the field of virtual reality (VR)and augmented reality (AR). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The dirhodium(II) complexes efficiently catalyze allylic and benzylic oxidations with I N i -hydroxyphthalimide (NHPI) as cocatalyst, using air as the sole oxidant. The dirhodium(II) complexes efficiently catalyze allylic and benzylic oxidations with I N i -hydroxyphthalimide (NHPI) as cocatalyst, using air as the sole oxidant. Air, bond-dissociation energy, dirhodium, oxidation, radicals. [Extracted from the article]