29 results on '"DIAGNOSIS of tumors in children"'
Search Results
2. Awareness of diagnosis, treatment and risk of late effects in Chinese survivors of childhood cancer in Hong Kong.
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Yang, Lok Sum, Ma, Chung Tin, Chan, Chun Him, Luk, Mei Shum, Woo, Hoi Kei, Lee, Vivian Wai‐yan, Leung, Alex Wing Kwan, Lee, Samantha Lai‐ka, Yeung, Nelson Chun‐yiu, Li, Chi‐kong, and Cheung, Yin Ting
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STATISTICS , *SCIENTIFIC observation , *CONFIDENCE intervals , *CROSS-sectional method , *MULTIPLE regression analysis , *REGRESSION analysis , *CANCER patients , *TUMORS in children , *HEALTH literacy , *SOCIOECONOMIC factors , *DESCRIPTIVE statistics , *DATA analysis software , *INFORMATION-seeking behavior , *DISEASE complications ,DIAGNOSIS of tumors in children - Abstract
Background: For survivors of childhood cancer, awareness of personal health risks is a critical component of long‐term health management. Objective: To evaluate the awareness of the diagnosis, treatment and risk of late effects among survivors of childhood cancer in Hong Kong. Methods: Between June 2019 and March 2020, this cross‐sectional study recruited 155 adult survivors (mean age = 26.9, standard deviation [SD] = 6.4 years) and 45 parents of paediatric survivors (mean age = 11.1, SD = 3.6 years) from a long‐term follow‐up clinic. At >10 years post‐treatment (mean = 13.4, SD = 7.6 years), they completed a structured questionnaire to report their cancer‐specific knowledge. Multiple linear regression analysis was conducted to identify clinical, socioeconomic and behavioural factors associated with poor awareness. Results: The majority of participants accurately recalled their diagnoses (73.5%) and major treatment modalities (chemotherapy 92.4%, radiation 82.9% and surgery 88.2%). However, less than half (45%) of the participants recognized more than 25% of the total late effects for which they were at risk. The highest levels of awareness were reported for endocrine problems (49%), neurocognitive impairment (44%) and secondary cancers (43%), and the lowest for peripheral neuropathy (21%) and vision problems (23%). Compared with survivors of haematological malignancies, those of central nervous system (CNS) tumours (standardized estimate [B] = −9.33, 95% confidence interval [95% CI]: −13.41 to −5.26) and non‐CNS solid tumours (B = −8.47, 95% CI: −12.39 to −4.94) had less knowledge about their diagnosis. Retaining medical records (P <.0001) and better medical information‐seeking habits (P =.048) were associated with better awareness. Conclusions: Survivors of childhood cancer in Hong Kong have deficient awareness of their personal health risks. They may benefit from the provision of a survivorship care plan and personalized education regarding treatment‐related late effects. Patient Contribution: Patients contributed in designing the study tools. Results were presented at a non‐governmental organization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2021
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3. The development of the clinical assessment tool "Health and Everyday Functioning in Young Children with Cancer".
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Darcy, Laura, Granlund, Mats, Enskär, Karin, and Björk, Maria
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EXPERIMENTAL design , *HEALTH status indicators , *HOSPITAL wards , *INTERVIEWING , *RESEARCH methodology , *MEDICAL care , *MEDICAL quality control , *NOSOLOGY , *NURSES , *ONCOLOGY , *PARENTS , *PEDIATRICS , *SOCIAL support , *RESEARCH methodology evaluation , *MEDICAL coding , *FUNCTIONAL assessment ,DIAGNOSIS of tumors in children - Abstract
Background: Young children's experiences of everyday life with cancer are vital in guiding care. The universal and interdisciplinary language of the International Classification of Functioning (ICF) and the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health for Children and Youth (ICF‐CY) has wide reaching effects for the care of young children in need. The aim of this study was to select and validate the content of a clinical assessment tool (CAT) for health and everyday functioning in young children with cancer. Methods: A comprehensive set of ICF‐CY codes (n = 70) mapping everyday function and health was previously identified from the transcripts of 12 interviews with young children with cancer and their parents at a paediatric oncology centre in the west of Sweden. Three transcripts were from data collected shortly after diagnosis, three transcripts from 6 months after diagnosis, three transcripts from 12 months after diagnosis, and three transcripts from 18 months after diagnosis. The present study involved the development of items based on the ICF‐CY codes. Results: The CAT consists of 52 items grouped in four dimensions: "the child herself/himself," "the child's everyday life," "the child's need for support," and "the child's contacts with health care." Conclusion: The questions correlate well with known research results and highlight areas that are important for health and everyday life for young children with cancer. This tool, based on children's experiences, can be used by both parents and health care personnel such as nurses to highlight aspects of health and function in everyday life for the young child with cancer that otherwise might be missed. This novel approach using the ICF‐CY could be used to guide the delivery of care towards living an everyday life with a long‐term illness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2020
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4. Parent Knowledge of Screening and Genetic Testing in Retinoblastoma.
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Xiao, Wei, Ji, Xian, Ye, Huijing, Zeng, Huiqi, Gao, Yang, Chen, Rongxin, Chen, Xiaoyun, Mao, Yuxiang, and Yang, Huasheng
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DIAGNOSIS of tumors in children ,EYE care ,HEALTH ,HOSPITAL care ,INTERNET ,INTERVIEWING ,MEDICAL records ,MEDICAL screening ,PHYSICIANS ,QUESTIONNAIRES ,RETINOBLASTOMA ,INFORMATION resources ,GENETIC testing ,SOCIOECONOMIC factors ,SYMPTOMS ,EDUCATIONAL attainment ,PARENT attitudes ,CROSS-sectional method ,HEALTH literacy ,ACQUISITION of data methodology ,TERTIARY care - Abstract
Purpose. To evaluate parent knowledge of screening and genetic testing for retinoblastoma and its potential correlation with demographics, clinical features, and socioeconomical factors. Methods. It was a cross-sectional study conducted at the ocular oncology unit of a tertiary ophthalmic center in Southern China. A face-to-face interview was administered to parents of retinoblastoma children during hospitalization. Parent knowledge was assessed using the sum score of a 7-item questionnaire. Demographics and socioeconomic status were collected from the interview, and clinical data were retrieved from the medical records. Results. A total of 126 parents of retinoblastoma children were included. Parents accurately answered 66.7% to 84.9% of each item in the questionnaire. Only 37 (29.4%) parents correctly answered all 7 questions. Parent knowledge was positively correlated with education, but it was not associated with patients' laterality, sex, or household income. Physicians and the Internet were the major sources of parental health-related information. During the median follow-up of 492 days, 13 (61.9%) of 21 patients in the full-score group without genetic testing at baseline actually conducted testing during follow-up compared to 29 of 67 (43.3%) in the less-than-full-score group (P = 0.136). Conclusion. Overall parent knowledge about retinoblastoma screening and genetic testing was moderate. Higher education was associated with greater parent knowledge. Future studies should validate our findings in other populations, especially in those with different cultural background and healthcare systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2020
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5. Inhospital exercise benefits in childhood cancer: A prospective cohort study.
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Morales, Javier S., Santana‐Sosa, Elena, Santos‐Lozano, Alejandro, Baño‐Rodrigo, Antonio, Valenzuela, Pedro L., Rincón‐Castanedo, Cecilia, Fernández‐Moreno, David, González Vicent, Marta, Pérez‐Somarriba, Marta, Madero, Luis, Lassaletta, Alvaro, Fiuza‐Luces, Carmen, and Lucia, Alejandro
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LEUKEMIA treatment , *ANTHROPOMETRY , *CANCER chemotherapy , *CANCER relapse , *CARDIOVASCULAR system physiology , *HOSPITAL care of children , *COMBINED modality therapy , *ECONOMIC aspects of diseases , *ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY , *EXERCISE therapy , *LEFT heart ventricle , *LONGITUDINAL method , *MEDICAL care costs , *METASTASIS , *RISK assessment , *SURVIVAL , *TUMORS in children , *DISEASE risk factors ,DIAGNOSIS of tumors in children - Abstract
Childhood cancer patients are at risk of developing important adverse effects, mortality and disease relapse after treatments, which has a substantial economic impact on healthcare systems. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of supervised inhospital exercise on clinical endpoints during childhood cancer treatment. 169 children with a new diagnosis of cancer were divided into an exercise intervention (n = 68, 11 ± 4 years) or a control group (n = 101, 11 ± 3 years). The cohort was followed up from the start of treatment for up to five years. Supervised inhospital exercise intervention was performed during the neoadjuvant (for solid tumors) or intensive chemotherapy treatment period (for leukemias). The median duration of the intervention was 22 (interquartile range, 14‐28) weeks. We assessed survival, risk of disease relapse or metastasis, and days of hospitalization (primary outcomes), and cardiovascular function, anthropometry and blood variables (secondary outcomes). No exercise‐related adverse events were noted. The exercise group had significantly less days of hospitalization than the control group (P = .031), resulting in a lower (~−17%) mean total economic cost of hospitalization in the former. Moreover, echocardiography‐determined left ventricular function (ejection fraction and fractional shortening) was significantly impaired in the control group after treatment compared with baseline, whereas it was maintained in the exercise group (P = .024 and.021 for the between‐group differences, respectively). In conclusion, supervised inhospital exercise intervention is safe and plays a cardioprotective role, at least in the short term, in children with cancer, also reducing hospitalization time, and therefore alleviating the economic burden. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2020
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6. Ewing‐like sarcoma: An emerging family of round cell sarcomas.
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Renzi, Samuele, Anderson, Nathaniel D., Light, Nicholas, and Gupta, Abha
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SARCOMA , *MOLECULAR diagnosis , *GENE fusion , *CHIMERIC proteins ,DIAGNOSIS of tumors in children - Abstract
Ewing‐like sarcomas are an emerging subgroup of small round blue cell sarcomas that share various degrees of morphological, immunohistochemical, molecular, and clinical similarity with Ewing sarcoma. Despite these similarities, Ewing‐like sarcomas lack the pathognomonic molecular hallmark of Ewing sarcoma: A translocation between a gene of the RNA‐binding TET family (EWSR1 or FUS) with a gene of the ETS‐transcription family (FLI1, ERG, ETV1, ETV4, or FEV). Recently, increased use of modern molecular methods based on next‐generation sequencing have enabled the identification of distinct subgroups within this previously uncharacterized group of Ewing‐like sarcomas based on the discovery of novel molecular driving events. The focus of this review is to provide an update on the main subcategories of Ewing‐like sarcomas discovered to date: CIC‐rearranged sarcomas, BCOR‐rearranged sarcomas, sarcomas with a rearrangement between EWSR1 and a non‐ETS family gene, and the substantial fraction of tumors which remain uncharacterized by molecular methods. There is increasing evidence that these tumors represent stand‐alone entities with unique characteristics rather than simply a subgroup of Ewing sarcoma; thus, the question of the best therapeutic approach for these often aggressive sarcomas remains of primary importance. Ultimately, large collaborative efforts will be necessary to better determine the characteristics of this rare, heterogeneous family of tumors. Ewing‐like sarcomas are an emerging subtype of round blue cell tumor. Recent molecular analysis have enabled the discovery of multiple subgroups with potential implications on diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of these rare neoplastic diseases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2019
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7. The relationship between pulmonary artery wedge pressure and pulmonary blood volume derived from contrast echocardiography: A proof‐of‐concept study.
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Monahan, Ken, Lenihan, Daniel, Brittain, Evan L., Saliba, Linda, Piana, Robert N., Robison, Leslie L., Hudson, Melissa M., and Armstrong, Gregory T.
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LUNG physiology , *LUNG anatomy , *BLOOD pressure , *BLOOD volume , *CANCER patients , *CATHETERIZATION , *CONCEPTS , *ECHOCARDIOGRAPHY , *PULMONARY artery , *RADIATION ,DIAGNOSIS of tumors in children - Abstract
Background: Pulmonary transit time (PTT) obtained from contrast echocardiography is a marker of global cardiopulmonary function. Pulmonary blood volume (PBV), derived from PTT, may be a noninvasive surrogate for left‐sided filling pressures, such as pulmonary artery wedge pressure (PAWP). We sought to assess the relationship between PBV obtained from contrast echocardiography and PAWP. Methods: Participants were adult survivors of childhood cancer that had contrast echocardiography performed nearly simultaneously with right‐heart catheterization. PTT was derived from time‐intensity curves of contrast passage through the right ventricle (RV) and left atrium (LA). PBV relative to overall stroke volume (rPBV) was estimated from the product of PTT and heart rate during RV‐LA transit. PAWP was obtained during standard right‐heart catheterization. The Spearman correlation coefficient was used to assess the relationship between rPBV and PAWP. Results: The study population consisted of 7 individuals who had contrast echocardiography and right‐heart catheterization within 3 hours of each other. There was a wide range of right atrial (1–17 mm Hg), mean pulmonary artery (18–42 mm Hg), and PAW pressures (4–26 mm Hg) as well as pulmonary vascular resistance (<1–6 Wood Units). We observed a statistically significant correlation between rPBV and PAWP (r = .85; P = .02). Conclusion: Relative PBV derived from contrast echocardiography correlates with PAWP. If validated in larger studies, rPBV could potentially be used as an alternative to invasively determine left‐sided filling pressure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2018
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8. Factors affecting propofol dosage for sedation in pediatric oncology.
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Oh, Tak Kyu, Park, Boram, Lee, Dong‐eun, Eom, Woosik, and Kang, Sungwoo
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PROTON therapy , *CANCER treatment , *MOUTH , *COMPUTED tomography , *CANCER patient medical care , *PREMATURE infants , *PROFESSIONAL associations , *CANCER patients , *ANESTHESIOLOGISTS , *RETROSPECTIVE studies , *AGE distribution , *DIURETICS , *PROPOFOL , *PEDIATRICS , *DOSE-effect relationship in pharmacology , *CHRONIC diseases , *SIMULATED patients , *MEDICAL records , *NARCOTICS , *CONFIDENCE intervals , *ANESTHESIA , *REGRESSION analysis , *COMORBIDITY , *SPECIALTY hospitals , *ANTICONVULSANTS ,DIAGNOSIS of tumors in children - Abstract
Abstract: Background: There is limited reference data for determining the appropriate dose of propofol for individual patients. Therefore, we investigated the factors affecting propofol dosage for pediatric patients undergoing sedation for computed tomography (CT) simulation. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the electronic medical records of pediatric patients who underwent CT simulation for proton therapy following a cancer diagnosis at the National Cancer Center (Korea) between 1 May 2012 and 30 April 2016. We evaluated the following factors, which reflect comorbidities or chronic illness in pediatric oncology patients: age, tumor lesion, preterm birth, American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) classification, pre‐sedation temperature, history of propofol use, nothing by mouth time, chemotherapy history, pre‐sedation laboratory findings, regular medication (opioids, anticonvulsants), and use of diuretics. A regression analysis was performed and P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Electronic medical records of 84 pediatric cancer patients were used in the analysis. Patients in ASA classes 1–2 required approximately 43% more propofol than patients in classes 3–4 (exp(β), 1.43; 95%CI: 1.21–1.69, P < 0.001). Conclusion: American Society of Anesthesiologists class 3 or 4 is an independent indicator of decreased propofol dosage for pediatric oncology patients during sedation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2018
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9. Fibrinolytic abnormality associated with progression of pediatric solid tumor.
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Ishihara, Takashi, Nogami, Keiji, Takeshita, Yasufumi, Ochi, Satoshi, and Shima, Midori
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BIOLOGICAL assay , *BLOOD coagulation disorders , *CANCER chemotherapy , *CHILDREN'S hospitals , *FIBRIN , *FIBRINOGEN , *FIBRINOLYSIS , *HEMOSTATICS , *METASTASIS , *PROTEOLYTIC enzymes , *THROMBIN , *TUMORS in children , *DISEASE progression , *ODDS ratio , *DISEASE complications ,DIAGNOSIS of tumors in children - Abstract
Abstract: Background: Thrombosis and hemorrhage are serious complications of pediatric solid tumor, and enhanced fibrinolysis associated with disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) is often observed. Fibrinolytic enzymes also play an important role in metastasis. Limited information is available, however, on the assessment of overall hemostatic function in children with malignant solid tumor. Methods: We have investigated the comprehensive hemostatic potential in these circumstances using simultaneous thrombin/plasmin generation assay (T/P‐GA). Endogenous thrombin potential (T‐EP) and plasmin peak height (P‐Peak) were measured using T/P‐GA in six children newly diagnosed with solid tumor at regular intervals during chemotherapy at the present hospital from 2013 to 2016. Four patients with metastasis were defined as the advanced group, and the other patients were defined as the non‐advanced group. Results: In the advanced group, the ratio of P‐Peak to normal was higher than the slightly increased ratio of T‐EP to normal (range, 1.2–2.1 vs 1.1–1.5, respectively). In the non‐advanced group, however, the P‐Peak ratio was relatively lower than the slightly increased T‐EP ratio (range, 1.0–1.5 vs 1.1–1.5, respectively). Fibrin–fibrinogen degradation product was elevated in all patients except in one non‐advanced brain tumor patient during this induction therapy (maximum, 11.6–161 μg/mL). Conclusions: Uncontrolled fibrinolysis together with an imbalance between coagulation and fibrinolytic potential might lead to DIC. Further research is warranted to clarify comprehensive hemostatic function in pediatric patients with solid tumors to establish optimal supportive therapy, and possibly limit tumor progression in these critical disorders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2018
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10. Importance of bone marrow clot sections—Positive for metastatic tumor.
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Dwyre, Denis M., Graff, John P., and Rashidi, Hooman H.
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NEUROBLASTOMA , *IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY , *CANCER chemotherapy , *METASTASIS , *MAGNETIC resonance imaging , *TUMORS in children , *BONE marrow , *ADRENAL tumors , *HEMATOPOIETIC stem cell transplantation , *NEEDLE biopsy , *CHILDREN , *ADOLESCENCE ,DIAGNOSIS of tumors in children - Abstract
The article discusses the importance of a complete bone marrow evaluation which includes aspirate smears, touch preps, core biopsy, and paraffin-embedded clot sections. Topics include the detection of metastatic disease, including lymphomas, by standard methods1 ( H&E a NDIHC);clot sections to decalcification, allowing for additional molecular testing, when metastatic disease is present.
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- 2022
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11. Validation of a pediatric early warning system for hospitalized pediatric oncology patients in a resource-limited setting.
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Agulnik, Asya, Méndez Aceituno, Alejandra, Mora Robles, Lupe Nataly, Forbes, Peter W., Soberanis Vasquez, Dora Judith, Mack, Ricardo, Antillon‐Klussmann, Federico, Kleinman, Monica, and Rodriguez‐Galindo, Carlos
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EARLY detection of cancer , *EPIDEMIOLOGY of cancer , *CHILDHOOD cancer , *PEDIATRIC intensive care , *TUMOR treatment , *MEDICAL care use , *COMPARATIVE studies , *HOSPITAL care , *INTENSIVE care units , *RESEARCH methodology , *MEDICAL cooperation , *PEDIATRICS , *RESEARCH , *SOCIOECONOMIC factors , *TUMORS , *EVALUATION research , *RETROSPECTIVE studies , *CASE-control method , *RECEIVER operating characteristic curves , *HOSPITAL mortality , *ECONOMICS ,DIAGNOSIS of tumors in children ,DEVELOPING countries - Abstract
Background: Pediatric oncology patients are at high risk of clinical deterioration, particularly in hospitals with resource limitations. The performance of pediatric early warning systems (PEWS) to identify deterioration has not been assessed in these settings. This study evaluates the validity of PEWS to predict the need for unplanned transfer to the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) among pediatric oncology patients in a resource-limited hospital.Methods: A retrospective case-control study comparing the highest documented and corrected PEWS score before unplanned PICU transfer in pediatric oncology patients (129 cases) with matched controls (those not requiring PICU care) was performed.Results: Documented and corrected PEWS scores were found to be highly correlated with the need for PICU transfer (area under the receiver operating characteristic, 0.940 and 0.930, respectively). PEWS scores increased 24 hours prior to unplanned transfer (P = .0006). In cases, organ dysfunction at the time of PICU admission correlated with maximum PEWS score (correlation coefficient, 0.26; P = .003), patients with PEWS results ≥4 had a higher Pediatric Index of Mortality 2 (PIM2) (P = .028), and PEWS results were higher in patients with septic shock (P = .01). The PICU mortality rate was 17.1%; nonsurvivors had higher mean PEWS scores before PICU transfer (P = .0009). A single-point increase in the PEWS score increased the odds of mechanical ventilation or vasopressors within the first 24 hours and during PICU admission (odds ratio 1.3-1.4).Conclusions: PEWS accurately predicted the need for unplanned PICU transfer in pediatric oncology patients in this resource-limited setting, with abnormal results beginning 24 hours before PICU admission and higher scores predicting the severity of illness at the time of PICU admission, need for PICU interventions, and mortality. These results demonstrate that PEWS aid in the identification of clinical deterioration in this high-risk population, regardless of a hospital's resource-level. Cancer 2017;123:4903-13. © 2017 American Cancer Society. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2017
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12. Role of diffusion-weighted imaging in distinguishing thoracoabdominal neuroblastic tumours of various histological types and differentiation grades.
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Wen, Yang, Peng, Yun, Duan, Xiao Min, and Zhang, Nan
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MAGNETIC resonance imaging of cancer , *HISTOLOGICAL techniques , *DIFFUSION coefficients , *NEUROBLASTOMA , *DIAGNOSIS ,DIAGNOSIS of tumors in children - Abstract
Introduction: Diffusion-weighted MR imaging (DWI) has demonstrated a great potential to help distinguish benign from malignant tumours in paediatric body. Our purpose is to evaluate whether DWI allow discrimination of thoracoabdominal neuroblastic tumours of various histological types and differentiation grades.Methods: We retrospectively analysed DWI scans of the thoracoabdominal neuroblastic tumours in 25 children (11 girls, 14 boys). DWI was performed with two b-values of 0 and 800 s/mm2 on a 3.0T MR scanner. The apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values of different classifications of tumours were compared with Independent-Samples T Test.Results: In the 25 cases, ganglioneuroma (GN) was in 3 cases, ganglioneuroblastoma (GNB) in 7 (GNB-Intermixed in 4, GNB-Nodular in 3) and neuroblastoma (NB) in 15. In three cases of GNB-Nodular, two cases had poorly differentiated nodules and another had differentiated nodules. In 15 cases of NB, poorly differentiated, differentiated and undifferentiated tumours were, respectively, in eight, five and two cases. The ADC value of the NB was significantly lower than that of GN/GNB (P < 0.001). The ADC of GNB-Nodular/NB was significantly less than that of GN/GNB-Intermixed (P < 0.0001). In GNB-Nodular/NB detection, there was a cut-off value of 1.165 × 10-3 mm2 /s. In GNB-Nodular/NB, the tumours with poorly differentiated and undifferentiated lesions (n = 12) had significantly smaller ADC than those with differentiated composition (n = 6) (P = 0.0012).Conclusion: ADC of DWI is highly valuable for discriminating thoracoabdominal neuroblastic tumours of different histological types and differentiation grades. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2017
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13. Development of a gastric carcinoid tumor following allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for early T-cell precursor acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
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Chang, Tsung‐Yen, Lai, Jin‐Yao, Wang, Chao‐Jan, Chen, Shih‐Yen, Jaing, Tang‐Her, Hsueh, Chuen, Shih, Lee‐Yung, and Chen, Shih‐Hsiang
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GASTRIC mucosa , *HEMATOPOIETIC stem cell transplantation , *T cells , *LYMPHOBLASTIC leukemia , *IMMUNOSUPPRESSIVE agents , *TUMORS ,DIAGNOSIS of tumors in children - Abstract
Gastric carcinoid tumor is rarely diagnosed in children. We report a case of gastric carcinoid tumor that occurred after allogeneic HSCT. A 13-year-old girl with ETP acute lymphoblastic leukemia underwent allogeneic HSCT from a 7/8 HLA-matched unrelated donor. She presented with rashes, abdominal pain, and diarrhea, which were suggestive of GVHD, 7 months after HSCT. Immunosuppressive agents failed to resolve these symptoms well. After a series of evaluations, carcinoid syndrome caused by a gastric carcinoid tumor was diagnosed. The tumor was located in the antral region and resulted in partial gastric outlet obstruction. She received subtotal gastrectomy with regional lymph node dissection. However, she had a flare-up of GVHD 1 month after surgery, and immunosuppressive therapy was intensified accordingly. Although her GVHD was getting better, she developed respiratory syncytial viral pneumonia with rapid progression to respiratory failure. She died of multiple organ failure 2 months postoperatively. This is the first pediatric case of a gastric carcinoid tumor following allogeneic HSCT. Our case also highlights the necessity for pediatric transplant physicians to be aware of carcinoid syndrome caused by this rare tumor in the setting of GVHD with poor response to immunosuppressive agents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2017
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14. Lumps and Bumps of the Neck in Children-Neuroimaging of Congenital and Acquired Lesions.
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Dremmen, Marjolein H.G., Tekes, Aylin, Mueller, Samantha, Seyfert, Donna, Tunkel, David E., and Huisman, Thierry A.G.M.
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NECK tumors , *DIFFERENTIAL diagnosis , *CONGENITAL disorders , *BENIGN tumors ,DIAGNOSIS of tumors in children - Abstract
Neck masses present as palpable lumps and bumps in children with acquired lesions more common than congenital ones. Assessment of the anatomical site of origin, signal, and contrast enhancement characteristics may help define the etiology of the lesions, eg, developmental, inflammatory, vascular, or neoplastic. The age of the patient along with detailed clinical history and physical exam findings are important element to narrow down the differential diagnosis. The correct final diagnosis is essential to guide treatment as well as the urgency of intervention. The objective of this review is to define the characteristic location, classic and differentiating imaging features of the most frequent congenital and acquired cervical lumps and bumps in the pediatric population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2016
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15. Non-pharmacological interventions to manage fatigue and psychological stress in children and adolescents with cancer: an integrative review.
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Lopes‐Júnior, L.C., Bomfim, E.O., Nascimento, L.C., Nunes, M.D.R., Pereira‐da‐Silva, G., and Lima, R.A.G.
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DIAGNOSIS of tumors in children ,CINAHL database ,DATABASES ,FATIGUE (Physiology) ,INFORMATION storage & retrieval systems ,MEDICAL databases ,MEDICAL information storage & retrieval systems ,PSYCHOLOGY information storage & retrieval systems ,MEDLINE ,ONLINE information services ,RESEARCH funding ,PSYCHOLOGICAL stress ,SYSTEMATIC reviews - Abstract
Cancer-related fatigue (CRF) is the most stressful and prevalent symptom in paediatric oncology patients. This integrative review aimed to identify, analyse and synthesise the evidence of non-pharmacological intervention studies to manage fatigue and psychological stress in a paediatric population with cancer. Eight electronic databases were used for the search: PubMed, Web of Science, CINAHL, LILACS, EMBASE, SCOPUS, PsycINFO and the Cochrane Library. Initially, 273 articles were found; after the exclusion of repeated articles, reading of the titles, abstracts and the full articles, a final sample of nine articles was obtained. The articles were grouped into five categories: physical exercise, healing touch, music therapy, therapeutic massage, nursing interventions and health education. Among the nine studies, six showed statistical significance regarding the fatigue and/or stress levels, showing that the use of the interventions led to symptoms decrease. The most frequently tested intervention was programmed physical exercises. It is suggested that these interventions are complementary to conventional treatment and that their use can indicate an improvement in CRF and psychological stress. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2016
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16. The Skin as an Early Expression of Malignancies in the Neonatal Age: A Review of the Literature and a Case Series.
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Mondì, Vito, Piersigilli, Fiammetta, Salvatori, Guglielmo, and Auriti, Cinzia
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DIAGNOSIS of tumors in children ,DIFFERENTIAL diagnosis ,EXANTHEMA ,LEUKEMIA in children ,NEURAL tube defects ,NEUROBLASTOMA ,RHABDOMYOSARCOMA ,TUMORS in children ,LANGERHANS-cell histiocytosis ,SYMPTOMS ,CHILDREN - Abstract
Skin lesions are a frequent finding in childhood, from infancy throughout adolescence. They can arise from many conditions, including infections and inflammation. Most neonatal rashes are benign and self-limiting and require no treatment. Other conditions may be an expression of malignancy or may be a marker for other abnormalities, such as neural tube defects. Therefore, skin lesions require an extensive evaluation and close follow-up to ensure the best possible outcome. This paper briefly reviews the main tumor types presenting with cutaneous involvement in neonates, followed by the description of some patients admitted to our Neonatal Intensive Care Unit with an early skin expression of malignancies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2015
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17. Genetic Analysis of Diffuse High-Grade Astrocytomas in Infancy Defines a Novel Molecular Entity.
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Gielen, Gerrit H., Gessi, Marco, Buttarelli, Francesca R., Baldi, Caterina, Hammes, Jennifer, Muehlen, Anja, Doerner, Evelyn, Denkhaus, Dorota, Warmuth‐Metz, Monika, Giangaspero, Felice, Lauriola, Libero, Bueren, André O., Kramm, Christof M., Waha, Andreas, and Pietsch, Torsten
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ASTROCYTOMAS , *GLIOMAS , *BRAIN tumors , *SURGERY , *GENETICS ,DIAGNOSIS of tumors in children - Abstract
Pediatric high-grade gliomas are considered to be different when compared to adult high-grade gliomas in their pathogenesis and biological behavior. Recently, common genetic alterations, including mutations in the H3F3A / ATRX / DAXX pathway, have been described in approximately 30% of the pediatric cases. However, only few cases of infant high-grade gliomas have been analyzed so far. We investigated the molecular features of 35 infants with diffuse high-grade astrocytomas, including 8 anaplastic astrocytomas [ World Health Organization ( WHO) grade III] and 27 glioblastomas ( WHO grade IV) by immunohistochemistry, multiplex ligation probe-dependent amplification ( MLPA), pyrosequencing of glioma-associated genes and molecular inversion probe ( MIP) assay. MIP and MLPA analyses showed that chromosomal alterations are significantly less frequent in infants compared with high-grade gliomas in older children and adults. We only identified H3F3A K27M in 2 of 34 cases (5.9%), with both tumors located in the posterior fossa. PDGFRA amplifications were absent, and CDKN2A loss could be observed only in two cases. Conversely, 1 q gain (22.7%) and 6 q loss (18.2%) were identified in a subgroup of tumors. Loss of SNORD located on chromosome 14 q32 was observed in 27.3% of the infant tumors, a focal copy number change not previously described in gliomas. Our findings indicate that infant high-grade gliomas appear to represent a distinct genetic entity suggesting a different pathogenesis and biological behavior. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2015
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18. Pain management during bone marrow aspiration and biopsy in pediatric cancer patients.
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Kato, Yoko, Maeda, Miho, Aoki, Yuki, Ishii, Eizaburo, Ishida, Ysushi, Kiyotani, Chikako, Goto, Shoko, Sakaguchi, Sachi, Sugita, Kenichi, Tokuyama, Mika, Nakadate, Hisaya, Kikuchi, Akira, Tsuchida, Masahiro, and Ohara, Akira
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PAIN management , *BIOPSY , *BONE marrow , *QUESTIONNAIRES , *CROSS-sectional method , *RESPIRATORY aspiration ,DIAGNOSIS of tumors in children - Abstract
Background The pain associated with bone marrow aspiration and biopsy ( BMAB) has an enormous impact on pediatric cancer patients and their families, but no specific reference standards for sedation and analgesia have been developed in Japan. To determine the problems associated with pain management during BMAB, a cross-sectional investigation was conducted. Methods A survey was sent in October 2011 to data managers in institutions belonging to the Tokyo Children's Cancer Study Group, addressing the non-pharmacological and pharmacological pain management for BMAB performed on pediatric cancer inpatients between January 2010 and December 2010. Results The eligible response rate was 41 of 57 institutions (71.9%). Non-pharmacological pain intervention was provided in 68% of surveyed institutions. All institutions provided pharmacological pain management. In most institutions, sedation/analgesia was performed by pediatric oncologists in a treatment room in the ward. Standards for pain management were developed and utilized in only four institutions. Other means of pain management were provided in various settings. Twelve institutions reported insufficient sedation/analgesia. In total, 80% of institutions reported some adverse events. Two serious adverse events were reported in cases of underlying or complicated conditions. No serious long-term consequences were reported. Conclusions Significant issues were identified regarding the efficacy and safety of pain management. Adverse events can occur in any institution. Children with underlying or complicated conditions are at high risk for serious adverse events. Therefore, adequate and systematic assessment, patient monitoring, preparation and treatment for adverse events, and cooperation with skilled specialists of pediatric oncology, anesthesiology, and intensive care are essential. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2014
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19. Distress screening, rater agreement, and services in pediatric oncology.
- Author
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Patel, Sunita K., Mullins, Wendy, Turk, Anne, Dekel, Noya, Kinjo, Christine, and Sato, Judith K.
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CHILDHOOD cancer , *PSYCHOSOCIAL factors , *PSYCHOLOGICAL distress , *HEALTH services administration ,DIAGNOSIS of tumors in children - Abstract
Objective: Empirically based data support the validity of the distress thermometer recommended by the National Comprehensive Cancer Network as a standard screen for patient distress. However, the feasibility and utility of the distress thermometer has not been studied in the pediatric oncology setting. We conducted a study to: (1) investigate the validity of an adapted distress thermometer with pediatric oncology patients, (2) assess the degree of agreement among different respondents, including physician and psychosocial staff, with respect to (a) the pediatric cancer patient's distress and (b) the caregiver/parent's distress, and (3) to evaluate the relationship between distress levels and the psychosocial services provided to patients and families. Methods: Ninety-one patients and their English and Spanish-speaking caregivers were prospectively assessed at 3-month intervals for 1 year. The quantity of psychosocial services provided to each family was logged for a 12-month period. Results: Convergent validity was demonstrated by reasonable agreement between the pediatric distress rating tool and standardized measures. Additionally, the demographic and medical predictors of distress were consistent with previously reported findings using more extensive assessment. There was reasonable agreement among multiple raters of the child's distress; however, there was discrepancy between self-ratings of caregiver distress and psychosocial staff ratings of caregiver distress. This difference in perception impacted the quantity of psychosocial services provided following the baseline assessment. Conclusion: The single-item distress thermometer is a viable option as a rapid screening tool of patient and caregiver distress to help efficiently identify those who should be evaluated further. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2011
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20. Incidence and survival analyses in children with solid tumours diagnosed in Sweden between 1983 and 2007.
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Ljungman, Gustaf, Jakobson, Åke, Behrendtz, Mikael, Ek, Torben, Friberg, Lars-Göran, Hjalmars, Ulf, Hjorth, Lars, Lindh, Jack, Pal, Niklas, Sandstedt, Bengt, Österlundh, Gustaf, and Gustafsson, Göran
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ONCOLOGY , *CANCER patients ,DIAGNOSIS of tumors in children - Abstract
Solid tumours constitute 40% of childhood malignancies. The Swedish Childhood Cancer Registry is population based and includes all children with cancer reported from the six paediatric oncology centres in Sweden. The aim was to investigate incidence and survival. We used the new WHO ICCC-3 for reclassification of the patients. Incidence and survival analyses were performed in the study population. Two thousand four hundred and eighty-seven children (<15 years) were diagnosed with solid tumours in Sweden between 1983 and 2007. The distribution of diagnoses was similar to that reported in other studies. The annual incidence was 65.3 per million children. The survival rates at 10 years of follow-up have improved significantly when comparing the two time periods, 1983-1995 and 1995-2007 (76 vs. 82%; p < 0.01). The mean annual incidence of solid tumours in children was 65.3/million and has been stable during the study period. Survival rates for solid tumours at 5, 10 and 20 years follow-up were 80, 79 and 76%, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2011
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21. MYCN-non-amplified metastatic neuroblastoma with good prognosis and spontaneous regression: A molecular portrait of stage 4S
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Bénard, Jean, Raguénez, Gilda, Kauffmann, Audrey, Valent, Alexander, Ripoche, Hugues, Joulin, Virginie, Job, Bastien, Danglot, Gisèle, Cantais, Sabrina, Robert, Thomas, Terrier-Lacombe, Marie-José, Chassevent, Agnès, Koscielny, Serge, Fischer, Matthias, Berthold, Frank, Lipinski, Marc, Tursz, Thomas, Dessen, Philippe, Lazar, Vladimir, and Valteau-Couanet, Dominique
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NEUROBLASTOMA , *BACTERIAL artificial chromosomes , *ONCOGENES , *GENE expression , *MESSENGER RNA , *POLYMERASE chain reaction , *PROGNOSIS ,DIAGNOSIS of tumors in children - Abstract
Abstract: Stage 4 neuroblastoma (NB) are heterogeneous regarding their clinical presentations and behavior. Indeed infants (stage 4S and non-stage 4S of age <365days at diagnosis) show regression contrasting with progression in children (>365days). Our study aimed at: (i) identifying age-based genomic and gene expression profiles of stage 4 NB supporting this clinical stratification; and (ii) finding a stage 4S NB signature. Differential genome and transcriptome analyses of a learning set of MYCN-non amplified stage 4 NB tumors at diagnosis (n =29 tumors including 12 stage 4S) were performed using 1Mb BAC microarrays and Agilent 22K probes oligo-microarrays. mRNA chips data following filtering yielded informative genes before supervised hierarchical clustering to identify relationship among tumor samples. After confirmation by quantitative RT-PCR, a stage 4S NB''s gene cluster was obtained and submitted to a validation set (n =22 tumors). Genomic abnormalities of infant''s tumors (whole chromosomes gains or loss) differ radically from that of children (intra-chromosomal rearrangements) but could not discriminate infants with 4S from those without this presentation. In contrast, differential gene expression by looking at both individual genes and whole biological pathways leads to a molecular stage 4S NB portrait which provides new biological clues about this fascinating entity. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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- 2008
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22. Elevated Plasma Ferritin and Busulfan Pharmacodynamics During High-dose Chemotherapy Regimens in Children with Malignant Solid Tumors.
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Bouligand, J., Maitre, A. Le, Valteau-Couanet, D., Grill, J., Drouard-Troalen, L., Paci, A., Hartmann, O., Benhamou, E., and Vassal, G.
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PHARMACODYNAMICS ,DIAGNOSIS of tumors in children ,DRUG therapy ,FERRITIN ,IRON in the body - Abstract
Hepatic veno-occlusive disease (HVOD) is a frequent complication during hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation (HSCT). A strong relationship has been demonstrated between busulfan exposure and HVOD for busulfan–cyclophosphamide and allogeneic HSCT in adults. Busulfan disposition after the first intake was studied in 77 children treated for solid malignancies with high-dose busulfan-containing regimens and autologous HSCT. Busulfan was combined with cyclophosphamide and melphalan (n=30), melphalan (n=27), and thiotepa (n=20). No relationship was observed between busulfan exposure and HVOD. In contrast, plasma ferritin at baseline was higher in patients with HVOD (750 ng/ml (20–3,110)) compared with those without HVOD (189 ng/ml (8–3,967), P=0.012). Multivariate analysis showed that a ferritin level exceeding 300 ng/ml was the only risk factor for HVOD with an odds ratio of 4.0 (confidence interval 95% (1.5–11.2), P=0.0071). A high ferritin level at baseline was explained by the diagnosis of neuroblastoma, related treatments and transfusions.Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics (2007) 82, 402–409; doi:10.1038/sj.clpt.6100168; published online 28 March 2007 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2007
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23. Tobacco Is Major Health Threat Among U.S. Women and Girls: Surgeon General.
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Houts, Peter S. and Varrichio, Claudette
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CANCER research , *WOMEN'S tobacco use , *WEBSITES ,DIAGNOSIS of tumors in children - Abstract
Presents updates relevant to cancer research in the United States compiled as of September 2001. Concerns over the growing health threat caused by increased tobacco use among women in the country; Genetic chips developed in Sweden to diagnose childhood cancer; Web sites of the U.S. Centers for Disease Control & Prevention that address health-related quality of life issues.
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- 2001
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24. Precocious puberty in children with tumours of the suprasellar and pineal areas: Organic central precocious puberty.
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Rivarola, M A, Belgorosky, A, Mendilaharzu, H, and Vidal, G
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PRECOCIOUS puberty ,DIAGNOSIS of tumors in children - Abstract
During the past 11 y, 115 children younger than 8/9 y of age (female/male) with tumours of the suprasellar or pineal areas were followed in our clinic to study the incidence of precocious puberty. In addition, type of central lesion, clinical characteristics and gonadotropic secretion were studied in order to elucidate the different mechanisms of gonadal activation. A control group of 21 patients with idiopathic precocious puberty and a control group of 10 age-matched patients with suprasellar tumours without precocious puberty were also studied. Precocious puberty associated with organic central lesions was found at diagnosis in 30 patients (26%), in 9 out of 48 patients with glial cell tumours (18.7%), 6 out of 9 patients with germ cell tumours (66.6%), 11 out of 11 patients with hypothalamic hamartomas (100%) and in 4 out of 4 patients with subarachnoid cysts or arachnoidocele (100%). Precocious puberty was not found in any of 36 patients with craniopharyngioma. With the exception of one patient with pineal germinoma, all lesions were localized to the suprasellar area. In all patients with hypothalamic hamartoma, precocious puberty was diagnosed before 4 y of age, while in most patients with the other lesions, it was diagnosed after this age. Height SDS, weight increase and advancement of bone age were similar in both idiopathic and organic central precocious puberty. Maximal LH responses to GnRH in idiopathic and organic central precocious puberty were similar except for germ cell tumours. Patients with suprasellar tumours without precocious puberty had lower maximal LH (but not FSH) responses to GnRH, with the exception of germ cell tumours. In the latter, elevation of serum β-hCG indicates that this gonadotropin was responsible for gonadal stimulation. In hypothalamic hamartomas, the prepubertal hiatus in the activity of the GnRH pulse generator was absent. The mechanism of this failure in the inactivation of GnRH is unknown. Data suggest that in glial cell tumours and in subarachnoid cysts, an unknown factor, probably secreted by the tumours, advances the tempo of GnRH maturation. Therefore, the aetiology of organic central precocious puberty is multiple and is directly related to location and type of lesion. Conclusion: This clinical information suggests that the onset of puberty is not the result of the disruption of a putative pulse generator inhibitory influence but the consequence of secretion of stimulatory substances by the lesions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2001
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25. Parents' Perceptions of Randomization in Pediatric Clinical Trials.
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Wiley, Frances M., Ruccione, Kathy, Moore, Ida M., McGuire-Cullen, Patsy, Fergusson, Jean, Waskerwitz, Mary J., Perin, Gail, Ge, Jeff, and Sather, Harland N.
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CLINICAL trials ,DIAGNOSIS of tumors in children - Abstract
objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate parents' knowledge and perceptions about randomization in clinical trials for children with cancer, and to determine whether parents' decisions were influenced by demographic factors, randomization circumstances, the clinical characteristics of the child with cancer, or a combination. materials and methods: This study collected information from 192 parents of patients with various forms of childhood cancer who either accepted or refused randomization. A comparative case-control design was used. The Clinical Investigation Randomization Scale was administered to all participants. This scale included 32 questionnaire items (QIs) pertaining to randomization as well as a mixture of open-ended questions to obtain information about demographic and other factors. results: A predictor model was developed that accurately predicted acceptance or refusal of randomization 87% of the time. Demographic information was found to have less influence than expected on parents' decisions regarding randomization. Knowledge deficits were found among both groups of parents, those who accepted and those who refused randomization. conclusions: What most distinguished parents who refused from those who accepted randomization was not their knowledge and information about randomized clinical trials. By far, the majority of QIs that accurately predicted acceptors and refusers involved parents' beliefs, values, and perceptions. Further research is needed to determine interventions that may enable the healthcare team to provide information and decisional support most effectively to improve the informed consent process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 1999
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26. Suspected infection in children with cancer.
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Jones, P.D., Henry, R.L., Stuart, J., and Francis, L.
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INFECTION , *DIAGNOSIS ,DIAGNOSIS of tumors in children - Abstract
Examines the severity of suspected infections in children with cancer. Assessment of alteration to the infection treatment protocol; Isolation of pathogen with blood cultures; Resistance of organisms to the empirical therapy of tombramycin and piperacillin.
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- 1998
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27. Melanotic neuroectodermal tumor of infancy: A rare pediatric head and neck lesion.
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Owen, Bryce, Foster, Kimberly, Carlson, Andrew, Santa Cruz, Karen, and Smidt, Aimee
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NEUROECTODERMAL tumors , *MAGNETIC resonance imaging , *CYSTS (Pathology) , *HISTOPATHOLOGY , *TISSUE wounds ,DIAGNOSIS of tumors in children - Abstract
Melanotic neuroectodermal tumors of infancy are rare tumors arising from the neural crest and typically present during the first 12 months of life. The majority involve the facial bones, although melanotic neuroectodermal tumors of infancy of the skull and extremities have been observed with less frequency, as in the present case. This entity may initially be presented to the dermatologist as a scalp mass and should be considered in the differential diagnosis of infants with rapidly growing head and neck lesions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
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28. Image of the Month: Answer.
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NEUROBLASTOMA , *NERVOUS system tumors ,DIAGNOSIS of tumors in children - Abstract
The article offers information regarding the diagnosis and treatment of tumour neuroblastoma.
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- 2011
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29. P38.13: Prenatal diagnosis of adrenal neuroblastoma with 3D sonography and magnetic resonance imaging.
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Yusupov, K.
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MAGNETIC resonance imaging ,ABSTRACTS ,DIAGNOSIS of tumors in children - Abstract
An abstract of the conference paper "Prenatal diagnosis of adrenal neuroblastoma with 3D sonography and magnetic resonance imaging," by K. Yusupov, and colleagues is presented.
- Published
- 2008
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