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The article discusses four theses on participatory democracy. The first thesis the Citizen Pinter thesis deals with an excoriating critique of foreign and domestic violence in the U.S., hypocrisy of current leaders and a passionate call for honest political inquiry and dialogue. The second thesis the Reverse Civic Learning thesis informs about political philosophy that states that citizens learn virtue that is how to judge decide and behave well from the institutions and officials that restrict the scope of wrong action and reinforcement of right action. The third thesis the Anti-Stealth Democracy thesis presents views on the need of a participatory democracy by the people. The fourth thesis the Indoor Democracy thesis deals with democratic institutions of countries like the U.S.

Academic professionals need to embrace and facilitate democratic modes of public problem solving while retaining traditional scholarly commitments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Restorative justice is a normative theory and a reform movement attempting to bring dialogue and reconciliation among victim, offender, and community to the center of criminal justice practice. The theoretical discourse of restorative justice is the product of critic practitioners, active observers of the mainstream criminal justice system eager to communicate in practical terms with professionals open to reform ideas. The theory of restorative justice draws attention to three main flaws in the criminal justice system. First, the current system is state-oriented and overly procedural. Second, the current system is punishment- and offender-oriented and neglects the more complex non-retributive needs of victims. Third, the current system neglects the need for offenders to be more integrated into their communities because of its formality and proceduralism. Restorative justice takes shape in family group conferences, victim-offender reconciliation programs, circle sentencing, and reparative boards, practices that draw on the experience of many cultures. Restorative justice is increasingly relevant to the practice of criminal justice in the U.S. Moreover, it has gained support from both political liberals and political conservatives.