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Toremifene, a selective estrogen receptor modulator, is commonly used in China for premenopausal breast cancer patients. This real‐world study aimed to compare patient‐reported outcome (PRO) and survival between toremifene and aromatase inhibitor (AI) plus ovarian function suppression (OFS) in patients with moderate‐/high‐risk premenopausal hormone receptor (HR)‐positive breast cancer. The primary endpoint was PROs, assessed using SF‐36 and EQ‐5D‐5L questionnaires between January and March 2023. A total of 392 patients were included, with 171 receiving toremifene and 221 receiving AI. The toremifene group showed significantly higher scores in the role physical (p = 0.034) and mental health (p = 0.009) dimensions of SF‐36 and lower anxiety/depression (AD) scores (p = 0.038) in EQ‐5D‐5L compared to AI group. The estimated 5‐ and 8‐year disease‐free survival (DFS) rates were similar in toremifene and AI groups: 96.5% versus 91.9%, and 87.4% versus 87.8% (p = 0.39), respectively. Adverse event rates were similar in two groups, except for a greater risk of endometrial thickening (p < 0.001) and a lower occurrence of morning stiffness (p < 0.001) in the toremifene compared to the AI group. Premenopausal HR‐positive breast cancer patients receiving toremifene plus OFS had better role physical and mental health outcomes and lower AD dimensions than those receiving AI plus OFS. Both treatments had comparable DFS and favorable tolerability profiles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Most cancer‐related deaths are a result of metastasis. The development of small molecular inhibitors reversing cancer metastasis represents a promising therapeutic opportunity for cancer patients. This pan‐cancer analysis identifies oncogenic roles of membrane‐associated phosphatidylinositol transfer protein 3 (PITPNM3), which is crucial for cancer metastasis. Small molecules targeting PITPNM3 must be explored further. Here, PITPNM3‐selective small molecular inhibitors are reported. These compounds exhibit target‐specific inhibition of PITPNM3 signaling, thereby reducing metastasis of breast cancer cells. Besides, by using nanoparticle‐based delivery systems, these PITPNM3‐selective compounds loaded nanoparticles significantly repress metastasis of breast cancer in mouse xenograft models and organoid models. Notably, the results establish an important metastatic‐promoting role for PITPNM3 and offer PITPNM3 inhibition as a therapeutic strategy in metastatic breast cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: To explore the value of detecting the peri‐device leak (PDL) and device endothelialization after left atrial appendage closure (LAAC) by cardiac computed tomography (CT) in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF), who underwent Watchman LAAC combined with radiofrequency ablation of atrial fibrillation (AFCA). Methods: Patients with symptomatic drug‐refractory atrial fibrillation at high risk of stroke (CHA2DS2‐VASc Score ≥ 2), who underwent Watchman LAAC combined with AFCA in our center from March 2017 to December 2018 were enrolled. Maximum diameter of LAA orifice was determined by preoperative CCTA. A standardized view of Watchman device was obtained by postoperative CCTA multiplannar reconstruction to evaluate the PDL and device endothelialization. Results: Approximately 84 patients post successful LAAC and AFCA were enrolled in this study. The satisfactory LAA occlusion rate was 100%. There was no death, bleeding, stroke, and device‐related thrombus (DRT) events. At 6‐month postprocedure, CCTA images evidenced complete endothelialization in 44 patients (no contrast enhancement in LAA); contrast enhancement in LAA and visible PDL in 33 patients; contrast enhancement in LAA but without PDL in seven patients (incomplete device endothelialization). Maximum diameter of LAA orifice could independently predict the occurrence of PDL (odds ratio, 1.31; 95% confidence interval, 1.11–1.55; p =.002), sensitivity was 69.7% and specificity was 80.4% with the cutoff value of maximum diameter of LAA orifice more than 28.2 mm on predicting PDL. Conclusions: CCTA is feasible to evaluate PDL and device endothelialization after LAAC. The maximum diameter of LAA orifice derived from CT can independently predict the occurrence of post‐LAAC PDL. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation (AFCA) and left atrial appendage closure (LAAC) exert opposite effects on left atrial (LA) size. We aim to observe the net impact of combined AFCA and LAAC strategy on LA size and explore those factors which might affect the postprocedure LA structural remodeling. Methods: A total of 53 patients, who underwent combined AFCA and Watchman LAAC in our center from March to December 2017, were enrolled. Atrial fibrillation (AF) recurrence was monitored after the procedure. Left atrial volume (LAV) and left atrial appendage volume (LAAV) were measured by Mimics based on dual‐source computed tomography images. Results: At 6 months, sinus rhythm (SR) was maintained in 79.2% patients. LAV was significantly reduced (130.2 ± 36.3 mL to 107.1 ± 30.0 ml; P < .001) in SR maintenance group, but not in AF recurrence group (138.8 ± 39.3 mL to 137.9 ± 36.9 mL; P = .671). In SR group, preoperative LAAV/LAV ratio (B = −0.894; P = .015), NT‐proBNP (B = 0.005; P = .019) and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) (B = −0.778; P < .001) could interactively affect the extent of postoperative LA structural reverse remodeling, among which LAAV/LAV ratio could independently predict the significance of reverse remodeling (≥15% reduction in LAV) (OR, 0.56; 95% CI, 0.34‐0.90; P = .018). A preoperative LAAV/LAV ratio less than 7.1% is indicative of significant LA structural reverse remodeling in this patient cohort. Conclusions: LA structural reverse remodeling could be evidenced in patients with maintained SR following combined AFCA and LAAC. Smaller LAAV/LAV ratio, higher NT‐proBNP or lower LVEF at baseline are associated with more significant LA structural reverse remodeling, while LAAV/LAV ratio can predict the significance of the process after one‐stop treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Two acylhydrazone complexes, bis{6‐methyl‐N′‐[1‐(pyrazin‐2‐yl‐κN1)ethylidene]nicotinohydrazidato‐κ2N′,O}nickel(II), [Ni(C13H12N5O)2], (I), and di‐μ‐azido‐κ4N1:N1‐bis({6‐methyl‐N′‐[1‐(pyrazin‐2‐yl‐κN1)ethylidene]nicotinohydrazidato‐κ2N′,O}nickel(II)), [Cu2(C13H12N5O)2(N3)2], (II), derived from 6‐methyl‐N′‐[1‐(pyrazin‐2‐yl)ethylidene]nicotinohydrazide (HL) and azide salts, have been synthesized. HL acts as an N,N′,O‐tridentate ligand in both complexes. Complex (I) crystallizes in the orthorhombic space group Pbcn and has a mononuclear structure, the azide co‐ligand is not involved in crystallization and the Ni2+ centre lies in a distorted {N4O2} octahedral coordination environment. Complex (II) crystallizes in the triclinic space group P and is a centrosymmetric binuclear complex with a crystallographically independent Cu2+ centre coordinating to three donor atoms from the deprotonated L− ligand and to two N atoms belonging to two bridging azide anions. The two‐ and one‐dimensional supramolecular structures are constructed by hydrogen‐bonding interactions in (I) and (II), respectively. The in vitro urease inhibitory evaluation revealed that complex (II) showed a better inhibitory activity, with the IC50 value being 1.32±0.4 µM. Both complexes can effectively bind to bovine serum albumin (BSA) by 1:1 binding, which was assessed via tryptophan emission–quenching measurements. The bioactivities of the two complexes towards jack bean urease were also studied by molecular docking. The effects of the metal ions and the coordination environments in the two complexes on in vitro urease inhibitory activity are preliminarily discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nitric oxide (NO) is extensively involved in various growth processes and stress responses in plants; however, the regulatory mechanism of NO-modulated cellular sugar metabolism is still largely unknown. Here, we report that NO significantly inhibited monosaccharide catabolism by modulating sugar metabolic enzymes through S-nitrosylation (mainly by oxidizing dihydrolipoamide, a cofactor of pyruvate dehydrogenase). These S-nitrosylation modifications led to a decrease in cellular glycolysis enzymes and ATP synthase activities as well as declines in the content of acetyl coenzyme A, ATP, ADP-glucose and UDP-glucose, which eventually caused polysaccharide-biosynthesis inhibition and monosaccharide accumulation. Plant developmental defects that were caused by high levels of NO included delayed flowering time, retarded root growth and reduced starch granule formation. These phenotypic defects could be mediated by sucrose supplementation, suggesting an essential role of NO-sugar cross-talks in plant growth and development. Our findings suggest that molecular manipulations could be used to improve fruit and vegetable sweetness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Identification of new nasopharyngeal carcinoma ( NPC) biomarkers is of great clinical value for the diagnosis and treatment of NPC. HOTAIR, a cancer-related long non-coding RNA, was tested and its prognostic value for NPC was evaluated. As determined using in situ hybridization ( ISH), 91 of 160 (56.87%) paraffin-embedded NPC biopsies showed high expression levels of HOTAIR (staining index score ≥ 6). HOTAIR was upregulated in tumors with a large size ( P = 0.021), more advanced clinical stage ( P = 0.012) and increased lymph node tumor burden ( P = 0.005). Quantified using real-time PCR, HOTAIR expression levels in fresh tissue and paraffin-embedded samples were 5.2 ~ 48.4-fold higher compared with non-cancer tissue samples. Moreover, HOTAIR expression levels increased with clinical stage progression, which was consistent with ISH findings in the paraffin-embedded tissue. Most importantly, NPC patients with higher HOTAIR levels had a poor prognosis for overall survival using univariate and multivariate analysis. In addition, HOTAIR mediated the migration, invasion and proliferation of NPC cells in vitro. HOTAIR is a potential biomarker for the prognosis of NPC, and dysregulation of HOTAIR might play an important role in NPC progression. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In orthopedic tissue engineering, the extensively applied acellular bone matrix (ABM) can seldom be prefabricated just right to mold the cavity of the diverse defects, might induce severe inflammation on account of the migration of small granules and usually bring the patients great pain in the treatment. In this study, a new injectable thermosensitive ABM/PECE composite with good biocompatibility was designed and prepared by adding the ABM granules into the triblock copolymer poly(ethylene eglycol)-poly(ε-caprolactone)-poly(ethylene eglycol) (PEG-PCL-PEG, PECE). The PECE was synthesized by ring-opening copolymerization and characterized by 1H NMR. The ABM was prepared by acellular treatment of natural bone and ground to fine granules. The obtained ABM/PECE composite showed the most important absorption bands of ABM and PECE copolymer in FT-IR spectroscopy and underwent sol-gel phage transition from solution to nonflowing hydrogel at 37°C. SEM results indicated that the ABM/PECE composite with different ABM contents all presented similar porous 3D structure. ABM/PECE composite presented mild cytotoxicity to rat MSCs in vitro and good biocompatibility in the BALB/c mice subcutis up to 4 weeks. In conclusion, all the results confirmed that the injectable thermosensitive ABM/PECE composite was a promising candidate for orthopedic tissue engineering in a minimally-invasive way. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A, 2012. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Jin S-M, Shin JS, Kim KS, Gong C-H, Park SK, Kim J-S, Yeom S-C, Hwang ES, Lee CT, Kim S-J, Park C-G. Islet isolation from adult designated pathogen-free pigs: use of the newer bovine nervous tissue-free enzymes and a revised donor selection strategy would improve the islet graft function. Xenotransplantation 2011; 18: 369-379. © 2011 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Abstract: Background: In clinical trials using adult porcine islet products, islets should be isolated from the designated pathogen-free (DPF) pigs under the current good manufacturing practice (GMP) regulations. Our previous studies suggested that male DPF pigs are better donors than retired breeder pigs and histomorphometrical parameters of donor pancreas predict the porcine islet quality. We aimed to investigate whether the use of the newer bovine nervous tissue-free enzymes and a revised donor selection strategy could improve the islet graft function in the context of islet isolation with DPF pigs. Methods: Using 30 DPF pigs within a closed herd, we compared the islet yield of porcine islets isolated with Liberase PI (n = 11, as a historical control group), Liberase MTF C/T, which is a GMP-grade enzyme (n = 12), and CIzyme collagenase MA/BP protease (n = 7). We analyzed the relationship between the diabetes reversal rate of recipient NOD/SCID mice (n = 75) and histomorphometric parameters of each donor pancreas as well as donor characteristics. Results: Proportion of islets larger than 200 μm from the biopsied donor pancreas (P = 0.006) better predicted islet yield than age (P = 0.760) or body weight (P = 0.371) of donor. The proportion of islets larger than 200 μm from the biopsied donor pancreas was not related to the sex of the donor miniature pig (P = 0.358). The islet yield obtained with the three enzymes did not differ, even after stratification of the donor with the histomorphometric parameters of the biopsied donor pancreas and the sex of donor. The use of the newer bovine nervous tissue-free enzymes (P < 0.001), a higher proportion of large islets in donor pancreas (P = 0.006), and a male sex of the donor (P = 0.025) were independent predictors of earlier diabetes reversal. Conclusions: Use of the newer bovine nervous tissue-free enzymes including a GMP-grade enzyme resulted in better islet quality than that of islet isolated using Liberase PI. To obtain high-quality islet from DPF pigs, the donor should be male pig and histomorphometrical parameters from donor pancreas should be considered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this work, we investigated the efficacy of PECE-hydrogel in preventing postsurgical peritoneal adhesions in the rat uterine horn model. Standardized surgical traumas were applied to the peritoneum of the abdominal wall and the uterine horns. PECE hydrogel was applied to the two wound surfaces. Animals were euthanized at different times after surgery, and the gross necropsy findings were documented. Adhesion formation was assessed according to adhesion extent and adhesion severity, and the hydrogel degradation and healing of peritoneal wounds were observed. The remesothelialization was dynamically observed by scanning electron microscope. The results showed that none of the animals in the hydrogel-treated group ( n = 12) developed adhesion. In contrast, all untreated animals ( n = 12) had adhesions that could only be separated by sharp dissection ( p < 0.001). The hydrogel could adhere to the peritoneal wounds and gradually disappear from the wounds within 7-9 days and transformed into viscous fluid being completely absorbed within 12 days. The injured parietal and visceral peritoneum was remesothelialized in about 7 and 9 days, respectively. This work confirmed that PECE hydrogel holds promise as a novel absorbable biomaterial for the reduction of postoperative adhesions after laparotomy. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2011. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Novel 2-vinyl-8-hydroxyquinoline derivatives as potential antioxidants and regulators of H2O2-induced oxidative stress in rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are first reported. The antiradical properties and the reducing power of these compounds were assessed using 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and auto-oxidation of pyrogallol method, respectively. The activity against lipid peroxidation was determined using ammonium thiocyanate method. The results revealed that introduction of electron-donating groups at 2nd position decreased the antioxidant activities of 8-hydroxyquinoline derivatives. In addition, compound 4, the structure of which is similar to melatonin, exhibited superior antioxidant activities in scavenging DPPH free radical, ˙O2 free radical, and anti-LPO activities. Except for compounds 7, 12, and 15, the other compounds exhibited a stimulatory effect on MSCs growth. Using hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), we also investigated the protective efficacy of 2-vinyl-8-hydroxyquinoline derivatives against oxidative stress-induced cell death of MSCs. Cell viability assayed by MTT method indicated that exposure of MSCs cultures to hydrogen peroxide resulted in a concentration-dependent decrease in cell viability, and compounds 4 and 5 at given concentration (2.62 × 10−3 m) could protect MSCs against H2O2-induced oxidative stress in bone mesenchymal stem cell (BMSCs). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We have elucidated the mechanism of CO oxidation catalyzed by gold nanoparticles through first-principle density-functional theory (DFT) calculations. Calculations on selected model show that the low-coordinated Au atoms of the Au29 nanoparticle carry slightly negative charges, which enhance the O2 binding energy compared with the corresponding bulk surfaces. Two reaction pathways of the CO oxidation were considered: the Eley–Rideal (ER) and Langmuir–Hinshelwood (LH). The overall LH reaction O2(ads) + CO(gas) → O2(ads) + CO(ads) → OOCO(ads) → O(ads) + CO2(gas) is calculated to be exothermic by 3.72 eV; the potential energies of the two transition states (TSLH1 and TSLH2) are smaller than the reactants, indicating that no net activation energy is required for this process. The CO oxidation via ER reaction Au29 + O2(gas) + CO(gas) → Au29–O2(ads) + CO(gas) → Au29–CO3(ads) → Au29–O(ads) + CO2(gas) requires an overall activation barrier of 0.19 eV, and the formation of Au29–CO3(ads) intermediate possesses high exothermicity of 4.33 eV, indicating that this process may compete with the LH mechanism. Thereafter, a second CO molecule can react with the remaining O atom via the ER mechanism with a very small barrier (0.03 eV). Our calculations suggest that the CO oxidation catalyzed by the Au29 nanoparticle is likely to occur at or even below room temperature. To gain insights into high-catalytic activity of the gold nanoparticles, the interaction nature between adsorbate and substrate is also analyzed by the detailed electronic analysis. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comput Chem, 2010 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The interactions and reduction mechanisms of O2 molecule on the fully oxidized and reduced CeO2 surface were studied using periodic density functional theory calculations implementing on-site Coulomb interactions (DFT + U) consideration. The adsorbed O2 species on the oxidized CeO2 surface were characterized by physisorption. Their adsorption energies and vibrational frequencies are within -0.05 to 0.02 eV and 1530–1552 cm-1, respectively. For the reduced CeO2 surface, the adsorption of O2 on Ce4+, one-electron defects (Ce3+ on the CeO2 surface) and two-electron defects (neutral oxygen vacancy) can alter geometrical parameters and results in the formation of surface physisorbed O2, O2a- (0 < a < 1), superoxide (O2-), and peroxide (O22-) species. Their corresponding adsorption energies are -0.01 to -0.09, -0.20 to -0.37, -1.34 and -1.86 eV, respectively. The predicted vibrational frequencies of the peroxide, superoxide, O2a- (0 < a < 1) and physisorbed species are 897, 1234, 1323–1389, and 1462–1545 cm-1, respectively, which are in good agreement with experimental data. Potential energy profiles for the O2 reduction on the oxidized and reduced CeO2 (111) surface were constructed using the nudged elastic band method. Our calculations show that the reduced surface is energetically more favorable than the unreduced surface for oxygen reduction. In addition, we have studied the oxygen ion diffusion process on the surface and in bulk ceria. The small barrier for the oxygen ion diffusion through the subsurface and bulk implies that ceria-based oxides are high ionic conductivity at relatively low temperatures which can be suitable for IT-SOFC electrolyte materials. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Comput Chem, 2009 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this work, a biodegradable poly(ethylene glycol)‐poly(ε‐caprolactone)‐poly (ethylene glycol) (PEG‐PCL‐PEG, PECE) triblock copolymer was successfully synthesized. The aqueous solution of such PECE copolymer displayed special sol–gel–sol transition as temperature increase, which is a flowing sol at low‐temperature and turns into a nonflowing gel at body temperature. The cytotoxicity of PECE copolymer was evaluated by cell viability assay using HEK 293 cells. In vivo gel formation and degradation test based on intraperitoneal and subcutaneous administration was conducted, respectively. The acute toxicity test and histopathological study were performed in BALB/c mice by intrapleural, intraperitoneal, or subcutaneous administration of PECE hydrogel (30 Wt %), respectively. The dose of intrapleural, intraperitoneal, or subcutaneous administration was up to 10 g/kg body weight (b.w.), 25 g/kg b.w., and 25 g/kg b.w., respectively, and the mice were observed continuously for 14 days. For histopathologic study, samples including heart, liver, lung, kidneys, spleen, stomach, intestine, and tissue of injection site were prepared for histochemical analysis and were stained with hematoxylin‐eosin. No mortality or significant signs of acute toxicity was observed during the whole observation period and there is no significant lesion to be shown in histopathologic study of major organs. Therefore, the maximum tolerance dose of PECE hydrogel by intrapleural, intraperitoneal, or subcutaneous administration was calculated to be higher than 10 g/kg b.w., 25 g/kg b.w., and 25 g/kg b.w., respectively. The results indicated that the prepared PECE hydrogel was nontoxic after intrapleural, intraperitoneal, or subcutaneous administration, and it could be a safe candidate for in situ gel‐forming controlled drug delivery system. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2009 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article deals with a study which successfully synthesized a new kind of biodegradable poly(e-caprolactone)-poly(ethylene glycol)-poly(ε-caprolactone)-based polyurethane (PCEC-U) copolymers. This was performed by use of by melt-polycondensation technique from ε-caprolactone (ε-CL), poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG),1,4-butanediol (BD), and isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI). The water absorption and hydrolytic degradation behavior of these copolymers were examined.

A series of biodegradable PCL‐PEG‐PCL block copolymers were successfully synthesized by ring‐opening polymerization of ε‐caprolactone initiated by poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG), which were characterized by 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and FTIR. Their aqueous solution displayed special gel–sol transition behavior with temperature increasing from 4 to 100°C, when the polymer concentration was above corresponding critical gel concentration (CGC). The gel–sol phase diagram was recorded using test tube inverting method and DSC method, which depended not only on chemical composition of copolymers, but also on heating history of copolymer's aqueous solution. As a result, the gel–sol transition temperature could be adjusted, which might be very useful for its application in biomedical fields such as injectable drug delivery system. And the typical shell‐core structure of PCL‐PEG‐PCL micelles was introduced. The micelle‐packing and partial crystallization might be the key gelation machanism for this gel–sol transition behavior of PCL‐PEG‐PCL aqueous solution. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater 84B: 165–175, 2008 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A miniaturized multilayer hairpin bandpass filter using tapped-line 1/0 with tunable transmission zeros is designed and implemented. This structure provides additional cross-coupling between two layers, as well as the coupling effect on the same layer. The designed filter demonstrates superior passband characteristics with a central frequency fo = 2.39 GHz, insertion loss S21 = - 1.45 dB and a return loss S11 = -32 dB. Moreover, by combining with two layers and tapped-line 1/0 structure, the filter produces two tunable transmission zeros at 2.8 GHz with -48 dB and 3.2 GHz with -43-dB rejection that the typical elliptic function response can be easily. Experimental results of the fabricated filter measured by network analyzer agree well with the simulation results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pressure-induced phase transitions in Fe3O4 are characterized by first-principles DFT calculations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption aggravates brain injury induced by intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH); however, the mechanisms of BBB damage caused by ICH remain elusive. Mfsd2a (major facilitator superfamily domain containing 2a) has been known to play an essential role in BBB formation and function. In this study, we investigated the role and underlying mechanisms of Mfsd2a in BBB permeability regulation after ICH., Methods and Results: Using ICH models, we found that Mfsd2a protein expression in perihematomal brain tissues was significantly decreased after ICH. Knockdown and knockout of Mfsd2a in mice markedly increased BBB permeability, neurological deficit score, and brain water contents after ICH, and these were rescued by overexpressing Mfsd2a in perihematomas. Moreover, we found that Mfsd2a regulation of BBB permeability after ICH correlated with changes in vesicle number. Expression profiling of tight junction proteins showed no differences in Mfsd2a knockdown, Mfsd2a knockout, and Mfsd2a overexpression mice. However, using electron microscopy following ICH, we observed a significant increase in pinocytotic vesicle number in Mfsd2a knockout mice and decreased the number of pinocytotic vesicles in mouse brains with Mfsd2a overexpression. Finally, using multiple reaction monitoring, we screened out 3 vesicle trafficking-related proteins (Srgap2, Stx7, and Sec22b) from 31 vesicle trafficking-related proteins that were markedly upregulated in Mfsd2a knockout mice compared with controls after ICH., Conclusions: In summary, our results suggest that Mfsd2a may protect against BBB injury by inhibiting vesicular transcytosis following ICH., (© 2017 The Authors. Published on behalf of the American Heart Association, Inc., by Wiley.)

Novel 2-vinyl-8-hydroxyquinoline derivatives as potential antioxidants and regulators of H(2)O(2)-induced oxidative stress in rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are first reported. The antiradical properties and the reducing power of these compounds were assessed using 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and auto-oxidation of pyrogallol method, respectively. The activity against lipid peroxidation was determined using ammonium thiocyanate method. The results revealed that introduction of electron-donating groups at 2nd position decreased the antioxidant activities of 8-hydroxyquinoline derivatives. In addition, compound 4, the structure of which is similar to melatonin, exhibited superior antioxidant activities in scavenging DPPH free radical, O(2) free radical, and anti-LPO activities. Except for compounds 7, 12, and 15, the other compounds exhibited a stimulatory effect on MSCs growth. Using hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)), we also investigated the protective efficacy of 2-vinyl-8-hydroxyquinoline derivatives against oxidative stress-induced cell death of MSCs. Cell viability assayed by MTT method indicated that exposure of MSCs cultures to hydrogen peroxide resulted in a concentration-dependent decrease in cell viability, and compounds 4 and 5 at given concentration (2.62 x 10(-3) m) could protect MSCs against H(2)O(2)-induced oxidative stress in bone mesenchymal stem cell (BMSCs).