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Transition bimetallic sulfides show significant promise for energy‐related applications because of their plentiful active sites and synergistic redox activity. However, limited pore size and low‐conductivity issues hinder their application. The structure of NiCo–S with rich sulfur vacancies is first predicted by density functional theory (DFT) calculations. Different sulfur vacancy concentrations are modeled by DFT calculations, and the results confirm that sulfur vacancies enhance the conductivity of the electrode material and are more beneficial for the adsorption of OH* species. It is verified by the differential charge density that the electric field formed on the surface of the electrode can lead to strong interfacial interactions by electron aggregation, which promotes electron/ion transfer kinetics. Furthermore, NiCo–S nanosheets are prepared on carbon cloth enriched with different concentrations of sulfur vacancies (denoted as NiCo‐Sv‐x, with x representing the concentration of sulfur vacancies) by sulfide etching NiCo‐MOF and annealing under H2/Ar atmosphere. The NiCo‐Sv‐x electrodes obtained are applied to the cathode of supercapacitors and the anode of the oxygen evolution reaction. Through combining experimental and theoretical analysis, the effect of vacancy defect engineering on the electrochemical performance of the electrode materials is further confirmed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The overarching aim of this study is to determine how distinct climate change management practices (CMPs), ranging from the establishment of carbon targets to the adoption of renewable energy and carbon assurance, resonate in the realm of corporate reputation (CR). The study sample comprises US S&P 500 companies (2016–2018). Reputation insights are obtained from the Global RepTrak® Pulse of the Reputation Institute, and data on the adoption of various CMPs are extracted from Carbon Disclosure Project reports. Logistic regression analysis shows that the findings underscore the pivotal role of absolute carbon and renewable energy use targets in enhancing CR. However, the effects of CMPs on CR vary with carbon trading regulations and intensive sector affiliation. The main findings hold after the Heckman selection model is used as an endogeneity technique. This research offers valuable insights to corporations that seek to strategically manage their reputation amidst the challenges of climate change. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Highly sensitive and selective electrochemical sensors are essential for human health, especially for monitoring the state of environmental pollutant content. Here, Cu2O nanocubes uniformly decorated with Ag nanoparticles were synthesized by a tractable wet‐chemical method. The electrochemical studies confirm that the Cu2O‐Ag‐16 composite shows increased electrochemical activity for catechol determination compared with either the bare Cu2O or the other two as‐proposed Cu2O−Ag catalysts (Cu2O−Ag‐8, Cu2O−Ag‐24). More specifically, the Cu2O−Ag‐16 presents excellent electrochemical responses towards catechol detection over wide linear ranges of 0.05 μM – 1 mM and 1 mM – 5 mM, with high sensitivity and low detection limits (50 nM). Furthermore, the as‐proposed sensor also displays good reproducibility, with a relative standard deviation of 2.3 % (n=3). Satisfactory recoveries in the range of 98.3 % to 101.2 % or 98 % to 100.7 % for lake water and/or tap water indicate the reliability of the sensor for catechol detection in practical applications. Constructing such composite structures to manipulate the local charge distribution for outstanding electrochemical sensing properties would provide us with an innovative strategy to explore other highly efficient electrode materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Noncarrier injection (NCI) operation mode is an emerging driving mode for nanoscale light‐emitting diodes (LEDs) for application in nanopixel light‐emitting displays. However, the luminescence intensity of the NCI‐LED with traditional epitaxial structure is relatively low because of the absence of external carrier injection. Therefore, improving the luminescence intensity by optimizing the epitaxial structure of the LED is an important technical measure. In this work, the tunneling behavior of the NCI‐LED under reverse bias, which plays a key role in increasing the luminescence intensity, is studied through modeling and simulation. The dynamic variation of carrier concentration in each voltage cycle is studied to explore the working process of the NCI‐LED. Results show that the luminescence output of the NCI‐LED is highly sensitive to doping concentrations, and reducing the number of multiquantum wells can increase the probability of interband tunneling so as to improve dramatically the carrier number contributing to luminescence. This simulation work can deepen the understanding of the NCI mode and serve as an important guidance for the rational design of the NCI‐LEDs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The deficient catalytic activity of nanozymes and insufficient endogenous H2O2 in the tumor microenvironment (TME) are major obstacles for nanozyme‐mediated catalytic tumor therapy. Since electron transfer is the basic essence of catalysis‐mediated redox reactions, we explored the contributing factors of enzymatic activity based on positive and negative charges, which are experimentally and theoretically demonstrated to enhance the peroxidase (POD)‐like activity of a MoS2 nanozyme. Hence, an acidic tumor microenvironment‐responsive and ultrasound‐mediated cascade nanocatalyst (BTO/MoS2@CA) is presented that is made from few‐layer MoS2 nanosheets grown on the surface of piezoelectric tetragonal barium titanate (T‐BTO) and modified with pH‐responsive cinnamaldehyde (CA). The integration of pH‐responsive CA‐mediated H2O2 self‐supply, ultrasound‐mediated charge‐enhanced enzymatic activity, and glutathione (GSH) depletion enables out‐of‐balance redox homeostasis, leading to effective tumor ferroptosis with minimal side effects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Optimizing current‐limiting devices (CLDs) in multi‐terminal DC grids is essential to limit the fault current while reducing the cost of devices. However, current studies mainly focus on optimizing CLDs based on continuous parameters in simple DC grids, which cannot meet the optimal efficiency demand of CLDs in complex multi‐terminal DC grids and results in each CLD needing to be customized separately, increasing the production cost of devices. Therefore, to improve the optimal efficiency under complex multi‐terminal DC grids, the principle of fault area division based on the coupled degree of converter and DC grid and the corresponding hierarchical optimal implementation schemes of CLDs are proposed first. Then, the effects of CLD parameters on the fault current are analysed, and their sensitive ranges of current‐limiting are revealed. In combination with the error range of inductance, the principle of discrete parameter design of current‐limiting inductance parameters is put forward. Next, the discrete parameters of CLDs are optimized by an intelligence algorithm. Finally, the hierarchical optimal method of CLDs based on discrete parameters is validated on a six‐terminal DC grid in PSCAD/EMTDC. The proposed method can satisfy the demand of current‐limiting, which is more in line with the standardization requirements in practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the human brain, the natural complementary behaviors of synapse connections, which are enhanced and weakened through the participation of astrocytes and microglias, play an important role in the process of training and memory. Even though memristors based on the electrochemical metallization mechanism (ECM) have great potential in realizing electronic synapses (e‐synapses), the lack of complementary ECM e‐synapses has, to a certain extent, hindered the construction of artificial neural networks. In this study, the thermodynamic equilibrium‐nonequilibrium competition (TC) in nanofilaments is meticulously designed by modifying the metal‐ion nanochannels to achieve complementary ECM e‐synapses. The evolution in the morphology of a TC‐induced nanofilament includes a thinning behavior of the nanofilaments caused by electrical stimulation and a coarsening behavior caused by metal‐ion chelation. The TC effect leads to a decrease in the conductance under positive pulse stimulation and to an increase in the conductance while resting, these behaviors being exactly complementary to those of a conventional ECM e‐synapse. Finally, the feasibility of fabricating logic gate circuits with learning capability based on complementary ECM e‐synapses is verified using behavioral‐level modeling. These ECM e‐synapses with complementary functions are expected to be significant to researchers in the field of large neural network systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Clothianidin is an effective neonicotinoid insecticide and is harmful to human health. It is urgent to develop convenient analytical methods to determine clothianidin. In this study, a label‐free photoelectrochemical (PEC) sensor for clothianidin was proposed. A type‐II WO3/CdS heterojunction was prepared by chemical bath deposition method to enhance the photoelectric response. As a recognition element, the molecular imprinted polymer (MIP) film was formed on WO3/CdS by electropolymerization of o‐phenylenediamine functional monomer in the presence of clothianidin template. Owing to the high photoelectric conversion efficiency of WO3/CdS heterostructure and the specific recognition ability of MIP, the as‐prepared PEC sensor exhibits desirable analysis performance for clothianidin with high sensitivity and selectivity. This MIP‐PEC sensor offers a wide linear detection range from 1.0 nM to 5.0 μM with a detection limit of 0.4 nM. The proposed sensor combines the merits of MIP and semiconductor heterojunction, presenting a promising prospect in the field of analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To sum up, Bcl-3 was decreased during BMSCs senescence, and the supply of Bcl-3 could protect BMSCs from aging. Skeletal aging is characterized by progressive bone loss and increased marrow adiposity.1,2 Age-related bone loss impairs the exercise activity of patients and increases the risk of fracture. (F) Bcl-3, Ac-K49- -catenin and -catenin were analysed by immunoblot in control and Bcl-3-knockdown BMSCs after treated with Wnt 3a for 0 h or 4 h. (G) The levels of Bcl-3 in nuclear and cytoplasmic. B-cell lymphoma-3 controls mesenchymal stem cell commitment and senescence during skeletal aging. [Extracted from the article]

The thermal conductivity (κ $\kappa $) and thermal diffusivity (D $D$) of talc have been measured over a range of temperature (298–1,373 K) and pressure (0.5–3.0 GPa) conditions using the transient plane‐source method. The results show that both the thermal conductivity and thermal diffusivity are dependent upon the prevailing temperature and pressure conditions to a certain extent. As the temperature and pressure increase, the thermal diffusivity monotonically decreases, while the thermal conductivity initially decreases between 298 and 973 K and then increases from 973 to 1,173 K. At low temperatures, phonon scattering is the dominant mechanism for heat transfer; at higher temperatures, photon radiation and dehydration become more prevalent. At temperatures greater than 1,173 K, the thermal conductivity decreases significantly due to aqueous liquid accumulation. Talc may be the cause of the high geothermal gradient in the hot subduction zone. Plain Language Summary: Subducting slab has a relatively low temperature compared to the surrounding mantle. Thermal conductivity and thermal diffusivity are important thermophysical properties that yield valuable information about the thermal structure of subduction zones and the thermal evolution of the Earth's interior. Talc plays a vital role in subduction zones because it carries a lot of water. There is currently little information available about the thermal and physical properties of talc during or after dehydration. We reported new results using pulse‐heating method and found that both the thermal conductivity and thermal diffusivity are dependent upon the prevailing temperature and pressure conditions to a certain extent. We also did the numerical simulations on the thermal state of subducting slabs with our experimental data, and found that the presence of talc in a subduction zone could effectively improve the geothermal gradient of the subducting slab. We believe that this result has an important implication for the study of the thermal structure of subduction zones. Key Points: A novel pulse heater was designed for use in high pressures experiments measuring the thermal conductivity and thermal diffusivityThermal conductivity and thermal diffusivity of talc were measured before and after dehydration at the temperature and pressure of 298–1,373 K and 0.5–3.0 GPaTalc may contribute to a high geothermal gradient in the subduction zone [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The knowledge on sulfur incorporation mechanism involved in sulfur‐containing molecule biosynthesis remains limited. Chuangxinmycin is a sulfur‐containing antibiotic with a unique thiopyrano[4,3,2‐cd]indole (TPI) skeleton and selective inhibitory activity against bacterial tryptophanyl‐tRNA synthetase. Despite the previously reported biosynthetic gene clusters and the recent functional characterization of a P450 enzyme responsible for C−S bond formation, the enzymatic mechanism for sulfur incorporation remains unknown. Here, we resolve this central biosynthetic problem by in vitro biochemical characterization of the key enzymes and reconstitute the TPI skeleton in a one‐pot enzymatic reaction. We reveal that the JAMM/MPN+ protein Cxm3 functions as a deubiquitinase‐like sulfurtransferase to catalyze a non‐classical sulfur‐transfer reaction by interacting with the ubiquitin‐like sulfur carrier protein Cxm4GG. This finding adds a new mechanism for sulfurtransferase in nature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An electrochemical sensor based on raffia derived porous carbon (RPC) and polyaniline (PANI) composite functional glass carbon electrode (GCE) was constructed for imidacloprid (IMI) determination. PANI nanowire arrays were deposited on RPC surface uniformly without aggregations. The electrochemical response of IMI at RPC@PANI/GCE is about four times than that at bare GCE, indicating high electrocatalytic activity of RPC@PANI towards IMI reduction. The prepared sensor also offers a wide linear range of 0.1–70 μg mL−1 for IMI determination with a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.03 μg mL−1. In addition, it offers high recoveries with testing real samples. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Atherosclerosis remains the leading cause of a broad spectrum of deadliest cardiovascular diseases. MicroRNA‐33 is a new therapeutic target for atherosclerosis due to its diverse functions. However, it remains a great challenge in clinical translation of nucleic acid‐based microRNA‐targeting therapeutics. Considering lesional acidosis, herein cyclodextrin‐derived pH‐responsive and integrin‐targeting nanoparticles containing an antisense oligonucleotide against microRNA‐33 (anti‐miR33) are engineered for precision therapy of atherosclerosis. A desirable anti‐miR33 nanotherapy (AAM NP) is initially developed by screening carrier materials. AAM NP is further decorated with a peptide ligand cRGDfK for integrin to afford an active targeting nanotherapy RAAM NP, to achieve more effective delivery of anti‐miR33 to plaques and target cells. Both nanotherapies can be efficiently internalized by different cells relevant to atherosclerosis. After intravenous delivery, AAM NP passively accumulates in atherosclerotic plaques and related cells in apolipoprotein E‐deficient mice. Correspondingly, AAM NP treatment significantly attenuates atherosclerosis in mice and notably reduces vulnerable plaques. Decoration with cRGDfK considerably enhances the targeting capability and therapeutic effects of RAAM NP. Mechanistically, anti‐miR33 nanotherapies significantly promote reverse cholesterol transport and notably regulate adaptive immunity via modulating macrophage polarization and regulatory T cell differentiation. Consequently, the pH‐responsive anti‐miR33 nanotherapies are promising for targeted treatment of atherosclerosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study reports a mid‐infrared Ho3+:BaY2F8 laser directly pumped by laser diodes (LDs). A finite element method (FEM) was used to calculate the temperature and thermal stress distributions inside the Ho3+:BYF crystal. The damage conditions have been evaluated on the basis of the experimental results. Using 889 nm LDs with the repetition frequency and pulse duration of 13 Hz and 100 μs, respectively, an output pulse energy of 1.05 mJ at 3.9 μm for the pump pulse energy of 336.8 mJ was achieved. The study might be useful for constructing a compact and robust mid‐infrared laser. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Keywords: Ferroptosis; Nanozymes; Reactive Oxygen Species; Tumor Therapy EN Ferroptosis Nanozymes Reactive Oxygen Species Tumor Therapy 1 1 1 03/02/23 20230306 NES 230306 B BTO/MoS SB 2 sb @CA b , with the integration of charge-enhanced enzymatic activity, pH-responsive CA release-mediated H SB 2 sb O SB 2 sb self-supply, and GSH depletion, enables out-of-balance redox homeostasis, leading to effective tumor ferroptosis. Back Cover: A Molybdenum Disulfide Nanozyme with Charge-Enhanced Activity for Ultrasound-Mediated Cascade-Catalytic Tumor Ferroptosis (Angew. Ferroptosis, Nanozymes, Reactive Oxygen Species, Tumor Therapy. [Extracted from the article]

Keywords: Ferroptosis; Nanozymes; Reactive Oxygen Species; Tumor Therapy EN Ferroptosis Nanozymes Reactive Oxygen Species Tumor Therapy 1 1 1 03/02/23 20230306 NES 230306 B BTO/MoS SB 2 sb @CA b , with the integration of charge-enhanced enzymatic activity, pH-responsive CA release-mediated H SB 2 sb O SB 2 sb self-supply, and GSH depletion, enables out-of-balance redox homeostasis, leading to effective tumor ferroptosis. As demonstrated by Yawei Lv, Xin Yu, Jing Liu, Chunying Chen et al. in their Research Article (e202217448), charge is one of the important contributing factors for nanozyme activity, which has not been mentioned previously. Ferroptosis, Nanozymes, Reactive Oxygen Species, Tumor Therapy. [Extracted from the article]

A new multicomponent synthesis of functionalized enamidyl triazoles starting from simple and readily available starting materials is described. A simple treatment of a dichloromethane solution of an azide, amine, and 5-bromo-2-furylcarbinol with a Lewis acid provides the enamidyl triazole in good to high yield. A triple domino sequence, formal [3+2] cycloaddition/ring-opening/ amidation, is involved in this new skeleton-generating reaction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The incidence and prevalence of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) increases steadily worldwide. There is an urgent need for effective and safe IBD therapies. Accelerated resolution of inflammation is a new strategy for the management of inflammatory diseases. For effective and safe IBD treatment, herein a smart nanotherapy (i.e. oxidation‐responsive nanoparticles containing a proresolving annexin A1‐mimetic peptide Ac2‐26, defined as AON) is developed, which can release packaged Ac2‐26, in response to highly expressed reactive oxygen species (ROS) at diseased sites. AON effectively protects Ac2‐26 from degradation in the enzyme‐rich environment of the gastrointestinal tract. By delivering this nanotherapy to the inflamed colons of mice with IBD, site‐specific release and accumulation of Ac2‐26 in response to high levels of ROS at the inflammatory sites are achieved. Mechanistically, the Ac2‐26‐containing, oxidation‐labile nanotherapy AON effectively decreases the expression of proinflammatory mediators, attenuates trafficking and infiltration of inflammatory cells, promotes efferocytosis of apoptotic neutrophils, and increases phenotypic switching of macrophages. Therapeutically, AON reduces symptoms of inflammation, accelerates intestinal mucosal wound healing, reshapes the gut microbiota composition, and increases short‐chain fatty acid production. Additionally, oral delivery of this nanomedicine shows excellent safety profile in a mouse model, conferring the confidence for further development of a targeted precision therapy for IBD and other inflammatory diseases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Despite the great potential of numerous antioxidants for pharmacotherapy of diseases associated with inflammation and oxidative stress, many challenges remain for their clinical translation. Herein, a superoxidase dismutase/catalase‐mimetic material based on Tempol and phenylboronic acid pinacol ester simultaneously conjugated β‐cyclodextrin (abbreviated as TPCD), which is capable of eliminating a broad spectrum of reactive oxygen species (ROS), is reported. TPCD can be easily synthesized by sequentially conjugating two functional moieties onto a β‐cyclodextrin scaffold. The thus developed pharmacologically active material may be easily produced into antioxidant and anti‐inflammatory nanoparticles, with tunable size. TPCD nanoparticles (TPCD NP) effectively protect macrophages from oxidative stress‐induced apoptosis in vitro. Consistently, TPCD NP shows superior efficacies in three murine models of inflammatory diseases, with respect to attenuating inflammatory responses and mitigating oxidative stress. TPCD NP can also protect mice from drug‐induced organ toxicity. Besides the passive targeting effect, the broad spectrum ROS‐scavenging capability contributes to the therapeutic benefits of TPCD NP. Importantly, in vitro and in vivo preliminary experiments demonstrate the good safety profile of TPCD NP. Consequently, TPCD in its native and nanoparticle forms can be further developed as efficacious and safe therapies for treatment of inflammation and oxidative stress‐associated diseases. A superoxidase dismutase/catalase‐mimetic material that is capable of eliminating a broad spectrum of reactive oxygen species, and can be easily synthesized by conjugating two functional moieties onto a cyclodextrin scaffold is reported. A nanotherapy derived from this material shows superior efficacies in different mouse models of inflammatory diseases and drug‐induced organ toxicity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Uncontrolled inflammation contributes to the pathogenesis of numerous diseases. Scavenging of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is promising for treatment of inflammatory diseases. To circumvent current limitations, in article number 1800781, Jianxiang Zhang and co‐workers report a material with broad‐spectrum ROS‐eliminating capability. A nanotherapy derived from this bioactive material shows superior efficacies in different mouse models of inflammation and oxidative stress injury. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The title reaction has a wide substrate scope and proceeds with high (E)-stereospecificity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]