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Herein, a series of Cu, Ni catalysts were synthesized using mesoporous SiO2 (MCM‐41) and fumed SiO2 as supports for the catalytic hydrogenation of furfural (FF). The MCM‐41 support facilitated the high dispersion of Cu, Ni nanoparticles (NPs), and the hydrogenation products are primarily in the form of alcohols. For fumed SiO2, the proper amounts of acid sites contributed to the better selectivity of 2‐methyltetrahydrofuran(2‐MTHF). Hydrogenation results showed that the 10Cu10Ni/MCM‐41 catalyst afforded a 93.6 % yield of tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol (THFA), while the 10Cu10Ni/SiO2 catalyst afforded a 61.73 % yield of 2‐MTHF and a 31.63 % yield of THFA. Meanwhile, it is also found that impregnating nickel salt before copper salt is more likely to promote the formation of deep hydrogenation products. Cyclic experiments indicate that developing a one‐step hydrogenation process with selective production of fully hydrogenated products is still a daunting and challenging task. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Effective noninvasive biomarkers of gastric cancer (GC) are critical for early detection and improvement of prognosis. We performed genome‐wide long non‐coding RNA (lncRNA) microarray analysis to identify and validate novel GC biomarkers depending on a high‐risk population cohort. Methods: LncRNA profiles were described using the Human LncRNA Microarray between GC and control plasma samples. The differential candidate lncRNAs were validated in two stages by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT‐PCR). We further evaluated the joint effect between the GC‐associated lncRNA and Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection on the risk of cardia and non‐cardia GC, respectively. Results: Different lncRNA expression profiles were identified between GC and control plasma with a total of 1206 differential lncRNAs including 470 upregulated and 736 downregulated in GC compared with the control group. The eight significantly upregulated lncRNAs (RP11‐521D12.1, AC011995.3, RP11‐5P4.3, RP11‐244 K5.6, RP11‐422 J15.1, CTD‐2306 M5.1, CTC‐428G20.2, and AC009133.20) in GC cases both in the present study and a similar microarray screening study by our collaborative team were selected for a two‐stage validation. After the large sample size validation, the subjects with higher expression of RP11‐244 K5.6 showed a significantly increased risk of GC with an adjusted odds ratio (OR) as 2.68 and 95% confidence interval (CI) as 1.15–6.24. Joint effects between RP11‐244 K5.6 expression and H. pylori infection on the risk of GC were evaluated with no statistical significance. Conclusions: Our study found different lncRNA expression profiles between GC and control plasma and preliminarily identified RP11‐244 K5.6 as a potential noninvasive biomarker for GC screening. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, a novel objective evaluation method is proposed to quantify the picture quality. In particular, the effect of "halo" and ‍"backlight delay" is taken into consideration in the design of the evaluation pipeline. The objective evaluation method is used to test ‍the picture quality, and the results are compared with the subjective ones, demonstrating the effectiveness of our proposed evaluation ‍method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The display product using Mini/MicroLED backlight, in the case of using the PWM dimming method, with the OC (open cell, OC) of the 4‐mask process, there will be a significant change in the horizontal light and dark band under the low gray level, which is called the waterfall phenomenon in the industry. In this paper, the causes of the waterfall phenomenon are analyzed and studied, and three methods of improving the waterfall are proposed. Experimental tests were carried out on the module of 34‐inch 1152 partition, and the display effect before and after the improvement was compared, and the effectiveness of the proposed method was verified. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the growing awareness of dual threats of global warming potential (GWP) and ozone depletion potential (ODP), the theoretical analysis and experimental testing of R1234yf refrigerant as alternative to R134a in a heat pump were analyzed. The results show that when the discharge pressure decreases from 1.6 MPa to 0.9 MPa, the heating COPh of R134a and R1234yf heat pumps decreases by 26.97% and 28.78%, respectively. When the evaporation temperature increases from −10 to 10°C, the heating COPh of R134a and R1234yf heat pumps increases by 12.68% and 20.88%. When the cooling water volume flow increases from 0.14m3/h to 0.35m3/h, the heating COPh of R134a and R1234yf heat pumps increases by 13.07% and 6.56%. When the chilled water volume flow increases from 0.35 to 0.53 m3/h, the heating COPh of R134a and R1234yf heat pumps increases by 30.31% and 29.38%. The error of theoretical calculation and experimental testing is between +10% and −15%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, a novel objective evaluation method is proposed to quantify the picture quality. In particular, the effect of "halo" and "backlight delay" is taken into consideration in the design of the evaluation pipeline. The objective evaluation method is used to test the picture quality, and the results are compared with the subjective ones, demonstrating the effectiveness of our proposed evaluation method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Streamflow sensitivity to climate change is an important indicator for evaluating the effects of climate change on terrestrial water. This study analyzed the spatial pattern and seasonality of streamflow sensitivity to climate change for 425 catchments across China. The results indicate that precipitation is consistently a more important contributor than temperature to streamflow variability (mean streamflow sensitivity to annual precipitation [εP,a] = 0.92; absolute mean sensitivity to annual temperature [εT,a] = 0.05). Meanwhile, the seasonal sensitivity evaluation found that streamflow response to precipitation change in warm seasons (mean εP,w = 0.90) is significantly greater than in cool seasons (mean εP,c = 0.46), but the sensitivity of streamflow to changes in temperature was stronger in cool seasons than in warm seasons. The magnitude of streamflow sensitivity to temperature in cool seasons is significantly affected by elevation (Pearson's r = 0.31, P < 0.01), which is possibly due to the increased snow and glacial melt volume of the high‐elevation catchments in cool seasons. We also found that catchments with higher elevation, drier climate, less vegetation cover, and lower infiltration rates are more likely to present seasonally asymmetric precipitation sensitivity. A possible reason for this spatial pattern is that the highland and continental climate regimes generally exhibit strong precipitation seasonality, thus enhancing the asymmetry of streamflow response to seasonal precipitation change. These findings are essential to improve understanding of the impact of climate change on hydrological processes and thus for formulating adaptive water management strategies for future climate change in China. Plain Language Summary: Streamflow sensitivity to climate change is an important indicator for evaluating the effects of climate change on terrestrial water. However, the response of streamflow to climate change across China is unclear, particularly the seasonality of streamflow sensitivity, and the impact factors across different hydroclimate regions remain poorly understood. This study developed a multivariate linear regression model to analyze the spatial pattern and seasonality of streamflow sensitivity to climate change for 425 catchments across China. The results indicate that precipitation is consistently a more important contributor than temperature to streamflow variability. Meanwhile, those catchments with higher elevation, dryer climate, less vegetation cover, and lower infiltration rates are more likely to present seasonally asymmetric precipitation sensitivity. Key Points: Streamflow sensitivity to climate change was analyzed for 425 catchments across ChinaPrecipitation is consistently a more important contributor than temperature to streamflow variabilitySensitivity of streamflow to temperature change was stronger in cool seasons than in warm seasons [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fine‐grained classification is a challenging task due to the difficulty of finding discriminative features and the localization of feature regions. To handle these challenges, a novel visual classification framework on panoramic attention mechanism that combines multiple attention networks to locate and identify features with more semantic interest is proposed. Firstly, based on the classical convolutional neural network, the global information of the image feature is expressed by linear fusion. Secondly, the foreground attention branch is used to further extract the distinguishing details of the salient features. Then, more features are mined from the complementary object area through the background attention branch to learn more perfect fine‐grained feature expression. Finally, three network branches are trained together to enhance the network's ability to express representative features of fine‐grained images. Our model can be viewed as a multi‐branch network, which benefits each other and optimizes the network together. Experiments were conducted on CUB‐200‐2011, Stanford Dogs and FGVC‐Aircraft datasets, and the accuracy was used as the quantitative measurement. Experimental results show that the proposed method has the highest accuracy; the average accuracy is 89.8%. It is effective and superior to the current advanced methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Pain-related cues are evolutionarily primed to capture attention, although evidence of attentional biases towards pain-related information is mixed in healthy individuals. The present study explores whether healthy individuals show significantly different eye-movement behaviours when viewing real-world pain-related scenes compared to neutral scenes. The effect of manipulating via written information the threat value of the pain-related scenes on eye-movement behaviours was also assessed.Methods: Participants were randomized to threatening (n = 28) and non-threatening (n = 27) information conditions. All completed a free-viewing task with real-world pain-related and neutral images while their eye movements were recorded.Results: Participants made significantly fewer fixations of significantly longer duration when viewing pain-related images compared to neutral images. No significant differences were found between threatening and non-threatening information groups in their pattern of eye movements.Conclusions: This study shows that healthy individuals demonstrate attentional biases to pain-related real-world complex images compared to neutral images. Future research is needed to establish the implications of these biases, particularly in the context of acute pain, on the onset and/or subsequent maintenance of chronic pain conditions.Significance: Healthy individuals show different eye-movement behaviours when viewing pain-related scenes than neutral scenes, supporting evolutionary accounts of pain. Implications for the onset and/or maintenance of chronic pain need to be explored. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]