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Financial distress prediction (FDP) has attracted high attention from many financial institutions. Utilizing supervised learning‐based methods in FDP, however, is time consuming and labor intensive. Therefore, in this paper, we exploit active‐pSVM method, which combines potential data distribution information and existing expert experience to solve FDP problem. Moreover, with the increasingly popular textual information, we construct several features on our protocol that are based on the Management Discussion and Analysis (MD&A) text information. Using datasets that are collected in different time windows from the listed Chinese companies, we conducted an extensive experiment and were able to confirm a better efficiency of our active‐pSVM, when compared with some common supervised learning‐based methods. Our study also covers the application of MD&A text information on weakly supervised learning model in FDP. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The influence of ion irradiation on intrinsic lattice stress and phase transition is closely related to the irradiation resistance of high‐entropy ceramics. In this study, the ion‐induced response of high‐entropy‐stabilized o‐(ZrHfTiSn)O2 ceramic was investigated under Au2+ irradiation with different fluences. The results revealed that high‐fluence irradiation caused the minimal (orthorhombic‐to‐triclinic) phase transformation underneath the ion‐induced amorphous layer via. fast fourier transformation (FFT) pattern. The cation recombination led to cation rearrangement followed by the increase of lattice expansion induced stress. The lattice stability of residual crystal grains in the mixed layer was significantly improved after lattice rearrangement. This was evidenced by the fact that the X‐ray diffraction profile of the lattice remained unchanged, whereas the selected area electron diffraction (SAED) image exhibited drastic variations with the increase of irradiation fluence. Therefore, irradiation‐induced lattice rearrangement seems to be a reliable way to improve radiation resistance of high‐entropy ceramics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Lower‐band chorus waves are known to play dual roles in radiation belt dynamics (electron acceleration and precipitation), and understanding their properties and excitation is very important. A systematic study of chorus waves properties in terms of background plasma parameters (electron perpendicular beta β⊥ and the ratio of plasma frequency to electron cyclotron frequency fpe/fce) has not been performed previously. We use burst‐mode data from Van Allen Probe A from 2012 to 2019 and develop an algorithm to extract individual lower band rising tone chorus elements. We statistically analyze four properties of rising tone chorus elements: time duration τ, frequency width Δf, chirping rate Γ, and maximum amplitude Ia. Statistical results show typical properties of chorus waves: Ia ∼ 0.09 nT, Δf ∼ 0.08fce, Γ ∼ 2 × 103 Hz/s, τ ∼ 0.015–0.25 s. On the nightside and dawnside, Γ shows wider spread and is more distributed over larger values, which is associated with the wider distribution of β⊥. Chorus waves at duskside and dayside have larger values of τ, associated with smaller β⊥ and larger fpe/fce. The dependence of chorus wave properties on background plasma parameters is also examined. We show that normalized Δf has positive correlation with β⊥ and fpe/fce. Normalized τ shows negative correlation with β⊥ and positive correlation with fpe/fce. Normalized Γ and Ia show positive correlations with β⊥ and negative correlations with fpe/fce. These results help us better understand chorus waves excitation and their relation to the microburst. Key Points: We present statistical distribution of lower‐band chorus waves' properties: time duration, chirping rate, frequency width, and amplitudeThe spatial dependence of chorus waves properties is strongly associated with that of background plasma parametersNormalized time duration and chirping rate of chorus waves show significant correlations with β⊥ and fpe/fce [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Treatment of triple‐negative breast cancer (TNBC) remains challenging due to a lack of effective targeted therapies. Dysregulated glucose uptake and metabolism are essential for TNBC growth. Identifying the molecular drivers and mechanisms underlying the metabolic vulnerability of TNBC is key to exploiting dysregulated cancer metabolism for therapeutic applications. Mitogen‐inducible gene‐6 (MIG‐6) has long been thought of as a feedback inhibitor that targets activated EGFR and suppresses the growth of tumors driven by constitutive activated mutant EGFR. Here, our bioinformatics and histological analyses uncover that MIG‐6 is upregulated in TNBC and that MIG‐6 upregulation is positively correlated with poorer clinical outcomes in TNBC. Metabolic arrays and functional assays reveal that MIG‐6 drives glucose metabolism reprogramming toward glycolysis. Mechanistically, MIG‐6 recruits HAUSP deubiquitinase for stabilizing HIF1α protein expression and the subsequent upregulation of GLUT1 and other HIF1α‐regulated glycolytic genes, substantiating the comprehensive regulation of MIG‐6 in glucose metabolism. Moreover, our mouse studies demonstrate that MIG‐6 regulates GLUT1 expression in tumors and subsequent tumor growth in vivo. Collectively, this work reveals that MIG‐6 is a novel prognosis biomarker, metabolism regulator, and molecular driver of TNBC. SYNOPSIS: MIG‐6 is upregulated in TNBC and promotes tumor growth by fueling glycolytic flux via the HIf1α‐Glut1 pathway. MIG‐6 levels correlate with disease progression and bad prognosis in TNBC patients.Depletion of MIG‐6 restricts TNBC cell proliferation and TNBC xenograft growth in mice.MIG‐6 promotes aerobic glycolysis by promoting GLUT1 transcription.MIG‐6 recruits HAUSP deubiquitinase for stabilizing HIF1α protein, which in turn upregulates GLUT1. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The ubiquitin ligase RNF8 is known to induce epithelial‐to‐mesenchymal (EMT) transition and metastasis in triple‐negative breast cancer (TNBC). Besides EMT, Rho GTPases have been shown as key regulators in metastasis. In this study, we investigated the role of RNF8 in regulating Rho GTPases and cell motility. We find that RNF8 knockdown in TNBC cells attenuates the protein and mRNA levels of Ras homolog family member A (RHOA) and cell division cycle 42 (CDC42). We show that the formation of filopodia, focal adhesions, and the association of focal adhesions to stress fibers is impaired upon RNF8 knockdown. Cell migration is significantly inhibited by RNF8 knockdown. Our study suggests a potential novel role for RNF8 in mediating cell migration in TNBC through regulation of the Rho GTPases RHOA and CDC42. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nanomaterials have achieved several breakthroughs in the capture of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) over the past decades. However, artificial fabrication of label‐free nanomaterials used for high‐efficiency CTC capture is still a challenge. Through billions of years of evolution and natural selection, various complicated and precise hierarchical structures are developed. Here, a novel fish trap‐like "nanocage" structure derived from the natural Chrysanthemum pollen is reported and a nanocage‐featured film for the label‐free capture of CTCs and CTC clusters is constructed. The nanocage‐featured film effectively captures 92% rare cancer cells with a broad spectrum of cancer types, due to the synergistic effect of nanocage‐CTC filopodia matching, high contact area, and strong adhesion force between the cancer cells and the nanocage. Furthermore, the nanocage‐featured film successfully detects CTCs and CTC clusters in 2 or 4 mL blood taken from 21 cancer patients (stages I–IV) suffering from various types of cancers. This novel, abundant, and economical fish trap‐like "nanocage" may provide new perspectives for the application of natural nanomaterials in clinical CTC capture and analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

HUWE1 is an E3 ubiquitin ligase that is involved in cancer cell proliferation by regulating MCL‐1 stability. The HECT domain has been shown to be required for the ubiquitin ligase activity of HUWE1. To identify efficient drugs that impair the activity of HUWE1, and thus decrease MCL‐1 accumulation, we screened 2000 candidate compounds that might suppress HUWE1 activity. To evaluate these 2000 candidates, the HECT domain of HUWE1, which is the catalytic domain responsible for MCL1 ubiquitination, was selected as a conjugation site, and putative binding candidates were filtrated. Tobramycin emerged as one of the compounds that show efficient binding ability with the HECT domain of HUWE1. The surface plasmon resonance (SPR) results validated the specific binding of Tobramycin with the HECT domain. Subsequent analyses demonstrated its potential to inhibit cancer cell proliferation by binding to the HECT domain of HUWE1 and impeding the HUWE1‐mediated ubiquitination of MCL‐1. Consequently, the accumulation of MCL‐1 inhibited the proliferation of tumour cells, while the apoptosis rates were not significantly altered after Tobramycin treatment. In vitro experiments showed that Tobramycin could inhibit cell proliferation by regulating the G2/M transition in cancer cell models, including A549 and HeLaCaco2 cell lines. Our results indicated that Tobramycin could be a potential new probe to develop targeted therapies for the prevention or treatment of HUWE1‐overexpressing cancers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Summary: A new cellulolytic strain of Chryseobacterium genus was screened from the dung of a cattle fed with cereal straw. A putative cellulase gene (cbGH5) belonging to glycoside hydrolase family 5 subfamily 46 (GH5_46) was identified and cloned by degenerate PCR plus genome walking. The CbGH5 protein was overexpressed in Pichia pastoris, purified and characterized. It is the first bifunctional cellulase–xylanase reported in GH5_46 as well as in Chryseobacterium genus. The enzyme showed an endoglucanase activity on carboxymethylcellulose of 3237 μmol min−1 mg−1 at pH 9, 90 °C and a xylanase activity on birchwood xylan of 1793 μmol min−1 mg−1 at pH 8, 90 °C. The activity level and thermophilicity are in the front rank of all the known cellulases and xylanases. Core hydrophobicity had a positive effect on the thermophilicity of this enzyme. When similar quantity of enzymatic activity units was applied on the straws of wheat, rice, corn and oilseed rape, CbGH5 could obtain 3.5–5.0× glucose and 1.2–1.8× xylose than a mixed commercial cellulase plus xylanase of Novozymes. When applied on spent mushroom substrates made from the four straws, CbGH5 could obtain 9.2–15.7× glucose and 3.5–4.3× xylose than the mixed Novozymes cellulase+xylanase. The results suggest that CbGH5 could be a promising candidate for industrial lignocellulosic biomass conversion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new cellulolytic strain of Chryseobacterium genus was screened from the dung of a cattle fed with cereal straw. A putative cellulase gene (cbGH5) belonging to glycoside hydrolase family 5 subfamily 46 (GH5_46) was identified and cloned by degenerate PCR plus genome walking. The CbGH5 protein was overexpressed in Pichia pastoris, purified and characterized. It is the first bifunctional cellulase-xylanase reported in GH5_46 as well as in Chryseobacterium genus. The enzyme showed an endoglucanase activity on carboxymethylcellulose of 3237 μmol min -1  mg -1 at pH 9, 90 °C and a xylanase activity on birchwood xylan of 1793 μmol min -1  mg -1 at pH 8, 90 °C. The activity level and thermophilicity are in the front rank of all the known cellulases and xylanases. Core hydrophobicity had a positive effect on the thermophilicity of this enzyme. When similar quantity of enzymatic activity units was applied on the straws of wheat, rice, corn and oilseed rape, CbGH5 could obtain 3.5-5.0× glucose and 1.2-1.8× xylose than a mixed commercial cellulase plus xylanase of Novozymes. When applied on spent mushroom substrates made from the four straws, CbGH5 could obtain 9.2-15.7× glucose and 3.5-4.3× xylose than the mixed Novozymes cellulase+xylanase. The results suggest that CbGH5 could be a promising candidate for industrial lignocellulosic biomass conversion., (© 2018 The Authors. Microbial Biotechnology published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd and Society for Applied Microbiology.)