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Objective: The primary aim of this study was to create a nomogram for predicting survival outcomes in penile cancer patients, utilizing data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) and a Chinese organization. Methods: Our study involved a cohort of 5744 patients diagnosed with penile cancer from the SEER database, spanning from 2004 to 2019. In addition, 103 patients with penile cancer from Sun Yat‐sen Memorial Hospital of Sun Yat‐sen University were included during the same period. Based on the results of regression analysis, a nomogram is constructed and validated internally and externally. The predictive performance of the model was evaluated by concordance index (c‐index), area under the curve, decision curve analysis, and calibration curve, in internal and external datasets. Finally, the prediction efficiency is compared with the TNM staging model. Results: A total of 3154 penile patients were randomly divided into the training group and the internal validation group at a ratio of 2:1. Nine independent risk factors were identified, including age, race, marital status, tumor grade, histology, TNM stage, and the surgical approach. Based on these factors, a nomogram was constructed to predict OS. The nomogram demonstrated relatively better consistency, predictive accuracy, and clinical relevance, with a c‐index over 0.73 (in the training cohort, the validation cohort, and externally validation cohort.) These evaluation indexes are far better than the TNM staging system. Conclusion: Penile cancer, often overlooked in research, has lacked detailed investigative focus and guidelines. This study stands as the first to validate penile cancer prognosis using extensive data from the SEER database, supplemented by data from our own institution. Our findings equip surgeons with an essential tool to predict the prognosis of penile cancer better suited than TNM, thereby enhancing clinical decision‐making processes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Buccal mucosa cancer (BMC) is one of the most common oral cancers and has poor prognosis. The study aimed to develop and validate nomograms for predicting the 1‐, 3‐, and 5‐year overall survival (OS) and cancer‐specific survival (CSS) of BMC patients. Methods: We collected and reviewed information on BMC patients diagnosed between 2004 and 2019 from the Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results database. Two nomograms were developed and validated to predict the OS and CSS based on predictors identified by univariate and multivariate Cox regression. An extra external validation was further performed using data from Sun Yat‐sen Memorial Hospital (SYSMH). Results: A total of 3154 BMC patients included in this study were randomly assigned to training and validation groups in a 2:1 ratio. Independent prognostic predictors were identified, confirmed, and fitted into nomograms for OS and CSS, respectively. The C‐indices are 0.767 (Training group OS), 0.801 (Training group CSS), 0.763 (Validation group OS), and 0.781 (Validation group OS), respectively. Moreover, the nomograms exhibited remarkable precision in forecasting and significant clinical significance, as evidenced by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves, calibration curves, and decision curve analyses (DCA). The final validation using our data from SYSMH also showed high accuracy and substantial clinical benefits within the nomograms. The C‐indices are 0.849 (SYSMH group OS) and 0.916 (SYSMH group CSS). These indexes are better than tumor, node, and metastasis stage based on prediction results. Conclusions: The nomograms developed with great performance predicted 1‐, 3‐, and 5‐year OS and CSS of BMC patients. Use of the nomograms in clinical practices shall bring significant benefits to BMC patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Lipid metabolism plays an important role in the repair of skin wounds. Studies have shown that acupuncture is very effective in skin wound repair. However, there is little knowledge about the mechanism of electroacupuncture. Thirty‐six SD rats were divided into three groups: sham‐operated group, model group and electroacupuncture group, with six rats in each group. After the intervention, orbital venous blood was collected for lipid metabolomics analysis, wound perfusion was detected and finally the effect of electroacupuncture on skin wound repair was comprehensively evaluated by combining wound healing rate and histology. Lipid metabolomics analysis revealed 11 differential metabolites in the model versus sham‐operated group. There were 115 differential metabolites in the model versus electro‐acupuncture group. 117 differential metabolites in the electro‐acupuncture versus sham‐operated group. There were two differential metabolites common to all three groups. Mainly cholesteryl esters and sphingolipids were elevated after electroacupuncture and triglycerides were largely decreased after electroacupuncture. The electroacupuncture group recovered faster than the model group in terms of blood perfusion and wound healing (p < 0.05). Electroacupuncture may promote rat skin wound repair by improving lipid metabolism and improving local perfusion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Lipid metabolism plays an important role in the repair of skin wounds. Studies have shown that acupuncture is very effective in skin wound repair. However, there is little knowledge about the mechanism of electroacupuncture. Thirty‐six SD rats were divided into three groups: sham‐operated group, model group and electroacupuncture group, with 12 rats in each group. After the intervention, local skin tissues were collected for lipid metabolomics analysis, wound perfusion and ferroptosis‐related indexes were detected and finally the effect of electroacupuncture on skin wound repair was comprehensively evaluated by combining wound healing rate and histology. Lipid metabolomics analysis revealed 37 differential metabolites shared by the three groups, mainly phospholipids, lysophospholipids, glycerides, acylcarnitine, sphingolipids and fatty acids, and they could be back‐regulated after electroacupuncture. The recovery of blood perfusion and wound healing was faster in the electroacupuncture group than in the model group (p < 0.05). The levels of GPX4, FTH1, SOD and GSH‐PX, which are related to ferroptosis, were higher in the electroacupuncture group than in the model group (p < 0.05). The levels of ACSL4 and MDA were lower in the electroacupuncture group than in the model group (p < 0.05). Electroacupuncture may promote skin wound repair by improving lipid metabolism and inhibiting ferroptosis in local tissues. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The preparation of biodegradable scaffolds loaded with cells and cytokine is a feature of tissue‐engineered skin. IPSCs‐based tissue‐engineered skin treatment for wound repair is worth exploring. Healthy human skin fibroblasts were collected and reprogrammed into iPSCs. After gene modification and induction, CK19+/Integrinβ1+/CD200+ VEGF165 gene‐modified iPS‐HFSCsGFP were obtained and identified by a combination of immunofluorescence and RT‐qPCR. Astragalus polysaccharide‐containing 3D printed degradable scaffolds were prepared and co‐cultured with VEGF165 gene‐modified iPS‐HFSCsGFP, and the biocompatibility and spatial structure of the tissue‐engineered skin was analysed by cell counting kit‐8 (CCK8) assay and scanning electron microscopy. Finally, the tissue‐engineered skin was transplanted onto the dorsal trauma of nude mice, and the effect of tissue‐engineered skin on the regenerative repair of total skin defects was evaluated by a combination of histology, immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence, RT‐qPCR, and in vivo three‐dimensional reconstruction under two‐photon microscopy. CK19+/Integrinβ1+/CD200+ VEGF165 gene‐modified iPS‐HFSCsGFP, close to the morphology and phenotype of human‐derived hair follicle stem cells, were obtained. The surface of the prepared 3D printed degradable scaffold containing 200 μg/mL astragalus polysaccharide was enriched with honeycomb‐like meshwork, which was more conducive to the proliferation of the resulting cells. After tissue‐engineered skin transplantation, combined assays showed that it promoted early vascularization, collagen and hair follicle regeneration and accelerated wound repair. VEGF165 gene‐modified iPS‐HFSCsGFP compounded with 3D printed degradable scaffolds containing 200 μg/mL astragalus polysaccharide can directly and indirectly participate in vascular, collagen, and hair follicle regeneration in the skin, achieving more complete structural and functional skin regenerative repair. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: To clarify the necessity and effect of a single intraoperative instillation of chemotherapy during radical cystectomy. Methods: Patients who underwent radical cystectomy for bladder cancer between January 2013 and April 2019 were retrospectively evaluated and divided into a non‐instillation group and an instillation group according to the intraoperative instillation of chemotherapy. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression was used to determine the clinical predictors of overall survival and disease‐free survival. Kaplan–Meier analysis and log‐rank tests were performed to analyze overall survival and disease‐free survival. Results: Of the 320 patients who were enrolled in the study, 113 underwent radical cystectomy with intraoperative instillation of chemotherapy. Univariate Cox analysis showed that intraoperative instillation was not a risk factor for overall survival or disease‐free survival (HR: 1.04, 95% CI: 0.66–1.63, p = 0.864; HR: 1.11, 95% CI: 0.76–1.62, p = 0.602, respectively). As shown in the Kaplan–Meier analysis, no significant differences were noted in overall survival (p = 0.857) and disease‐free survival (p = 0.600) between the two groups. A subgroup analysis demonstrated that intraoperative instillation was not associated with a statistically better overall survival and disease‐free survival in the nonmuscle invasive (p = 0.852 and 0.836) and muscle‐invasive (p = 0.929 and 0.805) patients. Conclusion: A single intraoperative instillation of chemotherapy during radical cystectomy was not related to better disease‐free survival or overall survival. It is unnecessary to consider single instillation of chemotherapy as a regular procedure during radical cystectomy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The prognostic factors for patients with epithelial sarcoma remain unclear. The study aims to develop a practical clinical nomogram that predicts prognosis in patients with ES using the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. Methods: We extracted clinical data from 2004 to 2015 from the SEER database about patients with ES. All patients were randomly divided into training cohort and validation cohort. Kaplan–Meier analyses were used to compare outcomes between different subgroups. In order to estimate the chance of survival for patients with ES, we developed a nomogram. Nomogram performance was evaluated by discrimination and calibration. Additionally, an analysis of decision curves was conducted to evaluate the clinical usefulness of this newly developed model. Results: In the primary cohort,320 met the inclusion criteria to be entered into this study. The median OS was 66.000 months (range 34.704 to 94.296 months), and the 1‐, 3‐, and 5‐year OS rates were 70.7%, 56.1%, and 50.4%, respectively. For the validation cohort, we studied 136 consecutive patients. Age, primary site, grade, AJCC (American Joint Committee on Cancer) T, AJCC M, and surgery were included in the nomogram. The C‐index values for the training set and validation set were 0.817 and 0.832, respectively. The calibration plots showed good agreement between the prediction and the observation. Based on the clinical decision curve, the model has a good clinical net benefit for ES patients. Conclusions: It is the first study that developed an effective survival prediction model for patients with ES. Using this nomogram can assist in clinical decision‐making as it has satisfactory accuracy. Even so, additional external validation is needed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Thicknesses and Vp/Vs ratios of sedimentary cover and crystalline crust are key parameters to study basin properties and evolution. In this paper, we develop a hi‐ki method of receiver functions to estimate the thickness (h) and Vp/Vs ratio (k) for each layer based on the arrival times of Ps converted and PpPs multiple phases of the layer, and apply the method to invert for h and k values of the sedimentary and bedrock layers in the Ordos Basin. S‐N and E‐W differences in structure across approximately 109°E are observed in both the sedimentary cover and crystalline crust. The sedimentary thickness generally increases from east to west and reaches 7.9 km on the southwestern edge. Vp/Vs ratios are complex with an average >1.9 and overall are lower than 1.75 in the northwestern part. The bedrock thickness and Vp/Vs ratio vary from 31.2 to 45.0 km and from 1.60 to 1.82, with average values of 39.62 km and 1.74, respectively. The crystalline crust still retains the long‐term cratonic stability and characteristics. The observed S‐N and E‐W differences in the sedimentary and bedrock layers may be the combined results of inhomogeneity in original nucleation and later complex and long‐term tectonic evolution. Plain Language Summary: A hi‐ki method of receiver functions is developed and used to estimate the thickness (h) and Vp/Vs ratio (k) values for the sedimentary and bedrock layers beneath seismic stations in the Ordos Basin. S‐N and E‐W differences in structure across approximately 109°E are observed in both the sedimentary cover and crystalline crust. Vp/Vs ratios typical of intermediate‐acid rocks and thicknesses of ∼40 km are observed in the crystalline crust of the Ordos Basin, suggesting that the Basin has retained its cratonic nature and stability. The observed differences in the sedimentary cover are likely to result from a combination of the inhomogeneity in original nucleation and later complex and long‐term tectonism of the Ordos Basin, such as westward tilting from the Triassic to late Miocene and multiple uplifts with denudation, especially from the Late Cretaceous to Paleocene. Differences in the crystalline crust may be related to the collisions between the Yinshan Orogen belt and the Ordos Basin, and between the Ordos Basin and eastern block in the Paleoproterozoic, and the uplift and eastward expansion of Tibet in the Cenozoic. Key Points: A hi‐ki method of receiver functions is developed to estimate the thickness (h) and Vp/Vs ratio (k) for each layerS‐N and E‐W differences across approximately 109°E are observed in both the sedimentary cover and crystalline crustS‐N and E‐W differences may be the combined result of inhomogeneity in original nucleation and later long‐term tectonic evolution [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Conventional survival analysis plays a limited role in patients who have survived a period after initial treatment. The present study analyzed how conditional survival (CS) predicted survival rate over time for nonmetastatic muscle‐invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) patients after trimodal treatment. Method: This retrospective study from the SEER database included consecutive patients with nonmetastatic MIBC who received trimodal therapy (TMT) between January 2010 and December 2017. Kaplan‐Meier analysis was used to estimate overall survival (OS) and cancer‐specific survival (CSS). CS was defined as the rate of surviving y years after already surviving for x years. Multivariate Cox regression analysis was used to identify prognostic factors. Result: A total of 1110 nonmetastatic MIBC patients treated with TMT were included. Given a 1‐, 2‐, 3‐, and 4‐year after TMT, the rate of surviving to 5‐year, respectively, improved by +5.0 (20.0%), +17.0 (32.0%), +30.0 (45.0%), and +52.8 (67.8%) from those calculated at baseline (15.0%). The 2‐year CS rate of patients who had survived 1‐, 2‐, or 3‐year after TMT improved, respectively, compared to 3‐, 4‐, or 5‐year actual survival. Multivariate Cox regression analysis demonstrated that adverse variables (T stage, age) of OS and CSS lost their prognostic significance over time. Discussion and Conclusion: Conditional survival rate of surviving to 5‐year after TMT kept a relatively stable level over time. In addition, those adverse variables were not always the prognostic factors over time. Only age was always the significant prognostic factor for conditional OS from baseline to 5‐year survival. Our results provided real‐time survival information and prognosis estimates to adjust follow‐up plans for nonmetastatic MIBC patients after TMT. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims: Confirmation of a breast origin for triple‐negative breast cancer (TNBC) is sometimes problematic. The traditional breast markers GATA‐binding protein 3 (GATA3), mammaglobin (MGB) and gross cystic disease fluid protein 15 (GCDFP15) have shown limitations in identifying TNBC. Here, we aimed to examine the diagnostic potential of the newly proposed TNBC marker, Sry‐related high‐mobility‐group/HMG box 10 (SOX10). Methods and results: We analysed and compared SOX10 expression with GATA3, MGB and GCDFP15 expression in a test cohort of 1838 invasive breast cancers (IBCs) by using tissue microarrays. The findings from the test cohort were further examined with a validation cohort of 42 TNBCs in whole sections. The overall expression rates of SOX10, GATA3, MGB and GCDFP15 were 6.9%, 83.1%, 47.0%, and 34.8%, respectively. Among the TNBCs within this cohort, the expression rates of SOX10, GATA3, MGB and GCDFP15 were 31.3%, 34.5%, 27.9%, and 25.2%, respectively. SOX10 was strongly associated with TNBC (P < 0.001), whereas all other traditional markers were associated with non‐TNBC (P < 0.001 for all). In addition, SOX10 was more correlated to basal‐like breast cancer (BLBC) (P = 0.001) than five‐marker‐negative subtype among the TNBCs. A high expression rate of SOX10 (81%) was confirmed in the validation cohort. Additionally, SOX10 expression was inversely correlated with GATA3 and GCDFP15 expression, so they may complement each other in TNBC detection. The SOX10–GATA3 combination yielded a sensitivity of 60.3% for TNBC detection in the test cohort. Conclusion: SOX10 is a reliable marker for identifying TNBC, and complements GATA3. The SOX10–GATA3 combination may be used as a sensitive TNBC marker. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims: Atypical ductal hyperplasia (ADH) of breast is increasingly diagnosed in core needle biopsy (CNB). As higher‐grade lesions were found in the excision in a substantial proportion of ADH on CNB, factors predicting risk of subsequent upgrade are clinically significant. This study aims to investigate relevant histopathological factors in CNB that could predict diagnostic upgrade at excision. Methods and results: One hundred and forty‐three cases of CNB with paired subsequent excision were evaluated for multiple clinicopathological parameters related to CNB sampling, ADH morphology, calcification and other co‐existing histological features, and which of these parameters were associated with diagnostic upgrade at subsequent excisions were determined. Forty‐eight cases (34.3%) were upgraded to malignancy, including 15 invasive cancers and 33 ductal carcinomas in situ (DCIS). An increased tissue area occupied by ADH (P = 0.026), a higher number of ADH foci (P = 0.004), the presence of solid pattern (P = 0.037) and older age (P = 0.012) were positively associated with upgrade, while negative associations were found with the presence of micropapillary pattern (P = 0.025), co‐existing columnar cell lesions (CCL) (P = 0.001) and the presence of calcifications (P = 0.009). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the number of ADH foci (HR = 2.810, P = 0.013) was an independent positive predictor, while co‐existing CCL (HR = 0.391, P = 0.013) was an independent negative predictor for upgrade. Conclusions: Patients with ADH in CNB showing the presence of co‐existing CCL and a lower number of ADH foci have a lower risk of disease upgrade at excision, and are potential candidates for observation‐only management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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The preparation of biodegradable scaffolds loaded with cells and cytokine is a feature of tissue-engineered skin. IPSCs-based tissue-engineered skin treatment for wound repair is worth exploring. Healthy human skin fibroblasts were collected and reprogrammed into iPSCs. After gene modification and induction, CK19 + /Integrinβ1 + /CD200 + VEGF 165 gene-modified iPS-HFSCs GFP were obtained and identified by a combination of immunofluorescence and RT-qPCR. Astragalus polysaccharide-containing 3D printed degradable scaffolds were prepared and co-cultured with VEGF 165 gene-modified iPS-HFSCs GFP , and the biocompatibility and spatial structure of the tissue-engineered skin was analysed by cell counting kit-8 (CCK8) assay and scanning electron microscopy. Finally, the tissue-engineered skin was transplanted onto the dorsal trauma of nude mice, and the effect of tissue-engineered skin on the regenerative repair of total skin defects was evaluated by a combination of histology, immunohistochemistry, immunofluorescence, RT-qPCR, and in vivo three-dimensional reconstruction under two-photon microscopy. CK19 + /Integrinβ1 + /CD200 + VEGF 165 gene-modified iPS-HFSCs GFP , close to the morphology and phenotype of human-derived hair follicle stem cells, were obtained. The surface of the prepared 3D printed degradable scaffold containing 200 μg/mL astragalus polysaccharide was enriched with honeycomb-like meshwork, which was more conducive to the proliferation of the resulting cells. After tissue-engineered skin transplantation, combined assays showed that it promoted early vascularization, collagen and hair follicle regeneration and accelerated wound repair. VEGF 165 gene-modified iPS-HFSCs GFP compounded with 3D printed degradable scaffolds containing 200 μg/mL astragalus polysaccharide can directly and indirectly participate in vascular, collagen, and hair follicle regeneration in the skin, achieving more complete structural and functional skin regenerative repair., (© 2023 The Authors. Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine published by Foundation for Cellular and Molecular Medicine and John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)