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Background: Economic reforms and trade liberalisation in Vietnam have transformed the food environment, influencing dietary patterns and malnutrition status. The present study focuses on the relationship between food environments (proximity and density of food outlets) and malnutrition (underweight, overweight, obesity) through diet quality in adult populations across urban, periurban and rural areas of Vietnam. Methods: We evaluated food environment by geospatial mapping of food outlets through a transect walk across the "food ecosystem" from rural to urban areas. Diet quality was assessed using the Diet Quality Index – Vietnamese (DQI‐V) comprising Variety, Adequacy, Moderation and Balance components. Malnutrition status was determined using body mass index. We performed a mediation analysis utilising mixed effect models to control for neighbourhood clustering effects. Confounders included age, education, income and nutrition knowledge score. Results: Analysis of data from 595 adult participants (mean ± SD age: 31.2 ± 6.4 years; 50% female) found that longer distance to the nearest food outlet was associated with higher overall DQI‐V (β = 2.0; 95% confidence interval = 0.2–3.8; p = 0.036) and the Moderation component (β = 2.6; 95% confidence interval = 1.2–4.0; p = 0.001). Outlet density shows a negative association with the odds of underweight among women (odds ratio = 0.62; 95% confidence interval = 0.37–0.96). However, we did not observe statistically significant relationships between diet quality and malnutrition. Education and nutrition knowledge scores were positively associated with diet diversity, while income was negatively associated with diet moderation. Conclusions: The findings of the present study have important implications for nutrition and dietetics practice in Vietnam and globally. It emphasises the need to consider various dimensions of sustainable diets, including economic, health and socio‐cultural/political factors. Longer distances to food outlets are associated with higher diet quality, whereas lower food outlet density increases the odds of underweight among women. This poses challenges in balancing modernisation and its adverse effects on sustainable food systems. Socio‐economic status consistently correlated with diet quality and malnutrition, necessitating further research to promote healthy diets across socio‐economic strata. Key points: Growing evidence supports the role of food environments in shaping diet quality and nutritional status based on body mass index, in both industrialised and industrialising countries.However, existing studies often focus on individual relationships between food environment and diet quality, diet quality and nutritional status, or food environment and nutritional status, leaving the full pathway from food environment to nutritional status via diet quality poorly understood, especially in industrialising countries.Although we did not have sufficient evidence to show the existence of a pathway from food environment to malnutrition through diet quality, we found intriguing associations:Longer distance to the nearest food outlet correlated with higher overall DQI‐V, particularly the Moderation component (control of unhealthy food consumption).Outlet density was inversely related to the odds of underweight among women.Education and nutrition knowledge scores positively influenced diet diversity, whereas income showed a negative association with diet moderation.The study underscores the significance of considering multiple dimensions of sustainable diets, such as economic, human health, and socio‐cultural/political aspects. This approach helps balance modernisation with healthy food environments, cultural preservation and social well‐being, both in Vietnam and globally.Industrialising countries' food environments differ significantly from industrialised countries, necessitating innovative approaches beyond proximity and density to understand their impact on food access, consumption patterns, and nutrition. This includes accounting for natural food environments, seasonal cycles, infrastructure disparities, small‐scale businesses, the informal sector, national culinary traditions and social fabric.Addressing the influence of socio‐economic factors on diet quality and malnutrition is crucial in developing effective strategies to combat malnutrition and promote better health outcomes, particularly among diverse socio‐economic groups. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Achieving low contact resistance (RC) is one of the major challenges in producing 2D FETs for future CMOS technology applications. In this work, the electrical characteristics for semimetal (Sb) and normal metal (Ti) contacted MoS2 devices are systematically analyzed as a function of top and bottom gate‐voltages (VTG and VBG). The semimetal contacts not only significantly reduce RC but also induce a strong dependence of RC on VTG, in sharp contrast to Ti contacts that only modulate RC by varying VBG. The anomalous behavior is attributed to the strongly modulated pseudo‐junction resistance (Rjun) by VTG, resulting from weak Fermi level pinning (FLP) of Sb contacts. In contrast, the resistances under both metallic contacts remain unchanged by VTG as metal screens the electric field from the applied VTG. Technology computer aided design simulations further confirm the contribution of VTG to Rjun, which improves overall RC of Sb‐contacted MoS2 devices. Consequently, the Sb contact has a distinctive merit in dual‐gated (DG) device structure, as it greatly reduces RC and enables effective gate control by both VBG and VTG. The results offer new insight into the development of DG 2D FETs with enhanced contact properties realized by using semimetals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Improving diet quality of preschool children is challenging in countries undergoing food environment and nutrition transition. However, few studies have sought to understand how mothers in these countries decide what and how to feed their children. This study aims to explore maternal experiences, perspectives and beliefs when making food choice decisions for preschool children in urban, peri‐urban and rural areas in northern Vietnam. Two focus group discussions and 24 in‐depth interviews were carried out and analysed using thematic analysis. The results showed that mothers across the urban–rural spectrum shared the intention to feed children safe, nutritious food for better health and weight gain while satisfying child food preferences to improve appetite and eating enjoyment. These food choice intentions were embedded within family food traditions, whereby mothers emphasised nutritious food and adopted strict feeding styles during lunch and dinner but were flexible and accommodating of child preferences during breakfast and side meals. These intentions were also embedded within the physical food environment, which provided a mix of healthy and unhealthy food through informal food retailers. Despite these intentions, mothers faced financial constraints and difficulties in managing children's refusal to chew, changes in eating mood and strong eating temperament. These findings support policies to limit the presence of unhealthy food in informal food retail and encourage meal‐specific feeding strategies to help children enjoy nutritious food, transition from soft to textured food and become more cooperative during mealtime. Key messages: Mothers' choice of food and feeding styles varied by meal occasions.Mothers desired to feed children safe, nutritious food but also wanted to accommodate child preferences to increase appetite and eating enjoyment.Mothers had difficulties in managing children's refusal to chew, changing eating mood and strong eating temperament.Meal‐specific feeding strategies are needed to help children enjoy nutritious food, transition from soft to textured food and become cooperative during mealtime. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Millions of couples navigate the transition from pregnancy to postpartum in a given year, and this period of change and adjustment in the family is associated with elevated risk for intimate relationship dysfunction. Self‐compassion has the potential to promote skills that are essential for healthy adaptation (e.g., emotion regulation, greater openness and flexibility, and more awareness of the needs of oneself and one's partner). The overarching goal of the present study was to investigate the role of self‐compassion in intimate relationship quality during pregnancy. A sample of 159 couples completed semi‐structured interviews and questionnaires. Parents engaging in more compassionate self‐responding during pregnancy have higher‐quality intimate relationships as measured across multiple facets—the degree of emotional intimacy and closeness in the relationship, adaptive conflict management and resolution, high‐quality support in response to stress, and a high degree of respect and acceptance directed toward each other. Furthermore, compassionate self‐responding emerged as a mediator of the link between attachment security and intimate relationship quality. Specifically, mothers who were higher in attachment anxiety reported lower levels of compassionate self‐responding, which in turn undermined multiple dimensions of the intimate relationship. Furthermore, fathers who were higher in attachment avoidance practiced less self‐compassion, which have deleterious consequences for the couple. These results provide implications that can inform conceptual frameworks of intimate relationship quality and clinical implications for interventions targeting the transition into parenthood. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Summary: LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 (LNMO), a high‐voltage spinel, has attracted great attention owing to its low cost and high operating voltage. Many great efforts have been devoted to developing full‐cell of LNMO/graphite because of electrolyte oxidation issues at such high voltage. In this work, the effect of additives including vinylene carbonate (VC) and lithium bis(oxalate)borate (LiBOB) in carbonate‐based electrolytes was investigated on LNMO/Li and graphite/Li to find out the optimized electrolyte composition. The use of additives in 1.0 M LiPF6 in EC:DMC (1:1 v/v) seemed not to give any improvement on the electrochemical behavior of the cell. In the case of 1.2 M LiPF6 in EC:EMC (3:7 v/v), however, both half‐cells of LNMO and graphite exhibited stability of discharge capacity during long cycling with the presence of LiBOB or VC additives. Based on the artificial neural network (ANN) simulation, the best electrochemical performance would obtain for LNMO/Li in the electrolyte of 0.67 M LiPF6 in EC:DMC:EMC (2.9:3.5:3.6 (v/v) with 0.41 wt% LiBOB and 1.17 wt% VC additives cell, which delivered 141.1 mAh.g−1 and remained 90% capacity after 100 cycles when using. Also, it predicted that the graphite/Li in the electrolyte of 1.34 M LiPF6 in EC:DMC:EMC (6.2:1.2:2.6) (v/v) with a 0.08 wt% LiBOB additive would achieve 342.2 mAh.g−1 and 85% of capacity retention after 100 cycles. The machine learning approach is efficient in exploring the effect of additive and simultaneously searching an optimization of many design parameters and thus saving the significant cost of time‐consuming experiments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this work, the layered structure LiNi1/3Mn1/3Co1/3O2 (LiNMC) served as a host to enable sodium-ion intercalation. LiNMC was initially charged in Li-half-cell at C/25 rate up to 4.5 V to extract maximum of Li+ ions and then discharged at the same rate in Na-half-cell down to 2 V for full sodiation to form NayNMC phase. The electrochemical characteristics of the new sodium phase NayNMC were evaluated by cyclic voltammetry (CV), galvanostatic cycling, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). On the CV curve, the featured peaks of phase transition induced by Na+ intercalation into NayNMC host could be distinguished from the couple peak located at 3.8 V upon the Li+ intercalation into LixNMC. The high uniformity and crystallinity of the NayNMC phase enable delivering a good initial capacity of about 120 mAh g−1 with high rate capability up to 5 C rate. Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) confirms the presence of sodium element in the sodiated NayNMC. It was also noticed that the pristine O3-type layered structure remained unchanged after ion exchanging but the lattice parameters increased due to the large size of sodium-ions inserted into the structure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Child stunting in Vietnam has reduced substantially since the turn of the century but has remained relatively high for several years. We analysed data on children 6–59 months (n = 85,932) from the Vietnam Nutritional Surveillance System, a nationally representative cross‐sectional survey. Multivariable Poisson regression models were used to estimate relative risk (RR) of stunting, stratified by child age and ecological region. Covariates at the child, maternal, household, and environmental levels were included based on available data and the World Health Organization conceptual framework on child stunting. Among children 6–23 months, the strongest associations with child stunting were child age in years (RR: 2.49; 95% CI [2.26, 2.73]), maternal height < 145 cm compared with ≥150 cm (RR: 2.04; 95% CI [1.85, 2.26]), living in the Northeast compared with the Southeast (RR: 2.01; 95% CI [1.69, 2.39]), no maternal education compared with a graduate education (RR: 1.77; 95% CI, [1.44, 2.16]), and birthweight < 2,500 g (RR: 1.75; 95% CI [1.55, 1.98]). For children 24–59 months, the strongest associations with child stunting were no maternal education compared with a graduate education (RR: 2.07; 95% CI [1.79, 2.40]), living in the Northeast compared with the Southeast (RR: 1.94; 95% CI [1.74, 2.16]), and maternal height < 145 cm compared with ≥150 cm (RR: 1.81; 95% CI [1.69, 1.94]). Targeted approaches that address the strongest stunting determinants among vulnerable populations are needed and discussed. Multifaceted approaches outside the health sector are also needed to reduce inequalities in socioeconomic status. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this work, the layered structure LiNi1/3Mn1/3Co1/3O2 (LiNMC) served as a host to enable sodium-ion intercalation. LiNMC was initially charged in Li-half-cell at C/25 rate up to 4.5 V to extract maximum of Li+ ions and then discharged at the same rate in Na-half-cell down to 2 V for full sodiation to form NayNMC phase. The electrochemical characteristics of the new sodium phase NayNMC were evaluated by cyclic voltammetry (CV), galvanostatic cycling, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). On the CV curve, the featured peaks of phase transition induced by Na+ intercalation into NayNMC host could be distinguished from the couple peak located at 3.8 V upon the Li+ intercalation into LixNMC. The high uniformity and crystallinity of the NayNMC phase enable delivering a good initial capacity of about 120 mAh g−1 with high rate capability up to 5 C rate. Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) confirms the presence of sodium element in the sodiated NayNMC. It was also noticed that the pristine O3-type layered structure remained unchanged after ion exchanging but the lattice parameters increased due to the large size of sodium-ions inserted into the structure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]