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Purpose: Photoacoustic imaging (PAI) used for noninvasive imaging of biological tissue has been reported in many literature. However, there are still some disadvantages in the novel technique, such as the poor efficiency of imaging. In the current PAI, multiple excitation of laser and multiple acquisition of signal are necessary for image reconstruction. In this case, laser pulses may injure biological tissue due to energy accumulation. To popularize PAI in clinical applications, it is necessary to develop a new imaging approach to increase the efficiency of PAI. Methods: A spatial phase-controlled algorithm is presented for full-field three-dimensional (3D) image reconstruction. By using the algorithm, photoabsorption sources at different depths can be reconstructed using just one set of data acquired in single laser shot. Unfocused plane transducer array and parallel data-acquisition (PDA) equipment are used for real-time photoacoustic (PA) signal detection and acquisition. Results: The spatial resolution of the 3D PAI system was analyzed. Two graphite rods at various positions in a simulation model and two bifurcate vessels in the ear of rabbit were imaged. In addition, the motion trace of one particle flowing at constant velocity was captured dynamically. Experimental results showed that spatial phase-controlled algorithm based on plane transducer array and PDA system was capable of static and dynamic 3D PAI. Conclusions: Spatial phase-controlled algorithm is introduced for 3D image reconstruction. The PA signals are collected by plane transducer array and PDA system in single pulse excitation. The acquired volumetric data are sufficient for 3D image reconstruction. Therefore, tissue can avoid the long-term exposure to light source and it is safer than the current PAI for in vivo imaging. With an increase in the repetition rate of laser pulse and speed of image display, the imaging method will realize real-time 3D imaging, which will be significant in clinical detection and medical diagnosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]