Search

Sonesson M, Ericson D, Kinnby B, Wickström C. Glycoprotein 340 and sialic acid in minor-gland and whole saliva of children, adolescents, and adults. Eur J Oral Sci 2011; 119: 435-440. © 2011 Eur J Oral Sci Glycoprotein 340 (gp-340) is a bacterial-binding glycoprotein found in major-gland and minor-gland saliva. Sialic acid, a common terminal structure of salivary glycoproteins, interacts with microorganisms and host ligands, as well as with free radicals. This study investigated the contents of gp-340 and sialic acid in minor-gland saliva and whole saliva of children (3 yr of age), adolescents (14 yr of age), and adults (20-25 yr of age). Labial-gland saliva and buccal-gland saliva were collected on filter paper, and unstimulated whole saliva was collected by draining into a tube. The relative amount of gp-340 and sialic acid was determined by ELISA and by enzyme-linked lectin assay (ELLA), respectively. In minor-gland saliva, no statistically significant differences in gp-340 and sialic acid were seen between the age-groups. Among adults, significantly lower amounts of gp-340 and sialic acid were seen in labial saliva compared with buccal saliva. In whole saliva, the amount of gp-340 was significantly lower among adults compared with children. No differences between genders were seen. Stable content of gp-340 and sialic acid in minor-gland saliva across the age-groups, and a higher content of gp-340 in the whole saliva of the youngest age-group (3-yr-olds) compared with the adult group, may reflect that those components are vital innate factors of immunity in children's saliva. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ullbro C, Kinnby B, Lindberg P, Matsson L: Tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) and placental plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI-2) in gingival crevicular fluid from patients with Papillon–Lefèvre syndrome. J Clin Periodontol 2004; doi: 10.1111/j.1600-051X.2004.00551.x. © Blackwell Munksgaard, 2004. Numerous patients with Papillon–Lefèvre syndrome (PLS) express a severe periodontal inflammation that results in premature loss of deciduous and permanent teeth. The plasminogen activating (PA) system is involved in physiological and pathological processes including epithelial healing, extracellular proteolysis and local inflammatory reactions. The aim of the study was to explore a possible role of the PA system in patients with PLS. Samples of gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) were collected from areas with gingival infection in 20 patients with PLS and in 20 healthy controls. The concentration of tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) and inhibitor (PAI-2) was measured with ELISA. The median level of PAI-2 was significantly higher ( p<0.01) in PLS patients than in the controls, while the median value of t-PA did not differ between the groups. No difference in t-PA or PAI-2 levels was found regarding age, gender or presence of active periodontal disease. The findings indicate an atypical activity of the PA system with a disturbed epithelial function in PLS patients, suggesting that the periodontal destruction seen in patients with PLS is secondary to a hereditary defect in the defense system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The plasminogen activating system plays an important role in tissue proteolysis in physiological as well as pathological processes. Earlier studies have shown high concentrations of the plasminogen activator t-PA as well as its inhibitor PAI-2 in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF). In addition, gingival inflammatory reactions have been related to increases in t-PA and PAI-2. In order to explore the potential role of the plasminogen activating system for the development of destructive periodontal disease, the aim of this study was to assess the balance of the activator t-PA to the inhibitor PAI-2 in GCF from patients, clinically defined to represent different periodontal conditions. The Progression Group consisted of 12 periodontitis patients with 1 or more sites having shown an increased pocket depth of »= 3 mm during the last 2 years of maintenance care and with »= 8 unchanged or improving sites during the period. The Non Progression Group consisted of patients who had shown a decreased or unchanged pocket depth of all sites during the last 3 years of maintenance care. Sampling of GCF was done with small disks of Millipore-filter, and t-PA and PAI-2 were analyzed with ELISAs. There was no difference in the t-PA/PAI-2 ratio between the two groups. However, an intra-individual comparison within the Progression Group showed a higher ratio at the deteriorating sites than at the stable sites. Even though no difference was found between the groups, the higher t-PAfPAI-2 ratio at the deteriorating sites in the Progression Group suggests an involvement of the plasminogen activating system in the proteolytic events leading to breakdown of the tooth supporting tissues. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

High concentrations of tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) and placental type plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI-2) have previously been found in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) of adults and children. In the present study, intra-individual comparisons were made of the concentrations of t-PA, urokinase type plasminogen activator (u-PA), PAI-1, and PAI-2 in GCF from the same sites before and after periodontal treatment in eight healthy male volunteers aged 35-46 yr. The gingival state was assessed by exudate measurement, bleeding on standardized probing, and the gingival index of Löe & Silness 3 days before the start of the trial and on the day after completing a 21-day preventive program consisting of instruction and professional cleaning once a week. Eight sites per subject were selected for enzyme analyses, all showing improvement in gingival state during the period. Sampling of GCF at the start and at the end of the trial was done with small disks of Millipore-filter. t-PA and PAI-2 were analyzed with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays with low method errors. The mean concentrations of t-PA were 0.73 mg/l before treatment and 0.49 mg/1 after treatment. The mean concentrations of u-PA were 84.4 μ/1 before treatment and 101.6 μg/1 after treatment. PAI-1 was found in three subjects at the detection level. The mean PAI-2 concentrations were 2.19 mg/1 before and 1.13 mg/1 after treatment. The mean molar ratio PAs/PAI-2 was 0.47 before and 0.48 after treatment. This insignificant change implies a maintained proteolytic balance and indicates that PAI-2 is an important inhibitor of tissue proteolysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The contact allergenic potential of substances included in a "dental screening test" has been investigated in a previously established animal model for producing contact allergy. We were unable to produce contact hypersensitivity with any of the original formulas. HgCl2 was selected for further studies and, in order to improve its penetration, butanol was used as a solvent. Sensitization was, however not obtained with any of the HgCl2/butanol formulas. Our results are discussed in relation to the requirements of reaching immunogenic threshold levels of mercury in the tissue. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

High concentrations of tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) and placental type plasminogen activator inhibitor (PAI-2) have previously been found in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) of adults. In the present study, the levels were examined in 16 children aged 8-9 yr. Sampling of GCF was performed with small disks of Millipore-filter. t-PA and PAI-2 were analyzed with enzyme-linked immuno-sorbent assays with low method errors The mean concentration of t-PA was slightly higher than in adults, while the mean PAI-2-concentration was slightly lower An intraindividual study comparing healthy and inflamed sites in the children showed slightly higher concentrations in GCF from inflamed sites. No change was observed in the balance between t-PA and PAI-2. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]