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J Oral Pathol Med (2011) 40: 677-683 Objective: The aims of the study were to determine how frequently oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs) transform to cancer and to identify clinical and histological factors determining the rates of transformation. Methods: The study included 1357 patients with biopsy-confirmed OPMDs seen at Guy's Hospital between 1990 and 1999 and followed up until 2005. The patients' details (name, date of birth, gender and any other relevant information) were matched to the Thames Cancer Registry (TCR) database and Office for National Statistics (ONS) to identify patients who subsequently developed oral cancer (ICD-10 C00-C06). From each patient's record, we identified their highest grade of dysplasia, graded as none, mild, moderate or severe. The outcome of principal interest was transformation to oral squamous cell carcinoma. To avoid co-existing malignancies, follow-up was started 6 months after the date of the index biopsy. Kaplan-Meier estimates and Cox proportional hazard analysis were undertaken to explore the factors associated with the time to transformation to oral cancer. Results: One thousand three hundred and fifty-seven patients were included in the study. The majority of patients were women (60.9%), and ∼30% were under 47 years of age. The most common OPMD was lichen planus/lichenoid reaction. Among all OPMDs, 204 (15.1%) had oral epithelial dysplasia (30 severe, 70 moderate and 104 mild). Thirty-five patients developed oral cancer over the follow-up period (2.6%). There was an association between dysplasia grade and time to transformation. Patients with severe dysplasia had a higher risk of transformation to oral cancer [HR 35.4 95% CI (14.2-88.3)] compared to those with no dysplasia. This association remained significant although attenuated [HR 21.6 95% CI (5.8-80.5)] following adjustment for sex, age, anatomical site of OPMD and diagnosis. A significant trend over dysplasia grades was evident ( P < 0.0001). Transformation to oral cancer was also associated with increasing age ( P = 0.0390). Conclusions: In 2.6% of cases, OPMDs transformed to invasive cancer for a total person follow-up time of 12 273 years (mean 9.04 years). The severity of dysplasia is a significant predictor for malignant transformation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An abstract for the article "Ultrasonographic evaluation of uterine scar defect after Caesarean section" by N. Tuckar, O. Grgic, D. Butorac and others is presented.

Background: Recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS) is one of the most common oral mucosal diseases in many parts of the world. However, there is very limited published clinical evidence for the therapies used in this condition. This could be partly due to the difficulty in evaluating the efficacy of oral ulcer treatment objectively. In this paper, we present a method for assessing and monitoring the severity of oral ulcers before and after treatment., Methods: Six ulcer characteristics, number, size, duration, ulcer-free period, site and pain, were used to generate an ulcer severity score (USS). The scores for 223 RAS patients were determined, and 79 were scored again after 3-month therapy with topical betamethasone., Results: The scores for the minor RAS group were between 18 and 43 (mean 29.2 ± 5.3). The mean score in the major ulcers group (range: 28-60, mean 39.9 ± 6.1) was significantly greater than in the minor group (P < 0.001). The herpetiform recurrent ulcers score range was wide (range: 18-57, mean 36.6 ± 8.4). The mean severity score decreased significantly after treatment (P < 0.001)., Conclusions: The USS was indicative of the disease activity in recurrent oral ulceration. It helped in assessing the efficacy of therapy, as the change in the numerical score reflected the change in ulcer severity in response to treatment. This tool may well prove to be of value in clinical management, research and in clinical trials., (© 2013 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)