Search

Purpose To examine associations between body mass index, neuroretinal rim area and retinal nerve fibre layer cross-sectional area ( RNFLCRA) in a population-based setting. Methods The Central India Eye and Medical Study is a population-based study performed in a rural region of Central India. The study included 4711 subjects (aged 30 + years). A detailed ophthalmic and medical examination was performed. Inclusion criteria for this study were an intra-ocular pressure ≤21 mmHg, open anterior chamber angles and an axial length ≤26.5 mm. Neuroretinal rim area and RNFLCRA were measured by confocal laser scanning tomography. Results The study included 3959 subjects fulfilling the inclusion criteria. Larger neuroretinal rim area (mean: 1.63 ± 0.32 mm2) was significantly (p = 0.004) associated with a higher body mass index after adjusting for larger disc area (p < 0.001), younger age (p < 0.001), lower intraocular pressure (p < 0.001), and hyperopic refractive error (p < 0.001). Larger retinal nerve fibre layer cross-sectional area (mean:1.29 ± 0.39 mm2) was significantly associated with higher body mass index (p = 0.001) after adjusting for younger age (p < 0.001), shorter axial length (p < 0.001), larger optic disc area (p < 0.001), taller body height (p < 0.001) and male gender (p = 0.04). Conclusions In a rural Central Indian population, neuroretinal rim area and RNFLCRA as surrogates of the optic nerve fibres were related to a higher body mass index. Because body mass index is associated with cerebrospinal fluid pressure, the higher cerebrospinal fluid pressure may be associated with a larger neuroretinal rim area. It may vaguely point towards an association between cerebrospinal fluid pressure and glaucomatous optic neuropathy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

. Purpose: To assess associations between age-related macular degeneration (AMD) and ocular and general parameters. Methods: The Central India Eye and Medical Study, a population-based study performed in rural Central India, included 4711 subjects (aged 30+ years) out of 5885 eligible subjects (response rate: 80.1%). Fundus photographs were assessed using the Wisconsin Age-Related Maculopathy Grading system. Results: Fundus photographs were available for 4542 (96.4%) subjects. Early AMD was present in 215/4542 subjects (4.7 ± 0.3%), and late AMD was detected in 8/4542 (0.2 ± 0.03%) subjects. After adjustment for age, prevalence of AMD was significantly associated with hyperopic refractive error (p = 0.001), shorter axial length (p = 0.01), and higher corneal refractive power (p = 0.02). Each dioptre increase in hyperopic refraction or each millimetre decrease in axial length was associated with a 15% [odds ratio (OR):1.15; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.06, 1.24] and 19% (OR: 0.81; 95%CI: 0.69, 0.95) increased probability of early AMD, respectively. AMD was not significantly associated with blood pressure, serum concentration of cholesterol, glycosylated haemoglobin Hb1Ac, high-density lipoproteins and postprandial glucose, gender, level of education, any parameter of smoking, alcohol consumption, psychiatric depression or of daily activities, anterior chamber depth, lens thickness, intraocular pressure, size of the optic disc, neuroretinal rim and parapapillary atrophy, nor amount of nuclear cataract and status after cataract surgery. If the statistical analysis was adjusted for age and refractive error, age-related macular degeneration was marginally significantly associated with a low intake of fruits (p = 0.06). Conclusions: Hyperopia (and short axial length) besides age was the single most important associated factor for AMD in adult Indians. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: To determine optic disc size and its associations in an adult population in central India. Methods: The Central India Eye and Medical Study (CIEMS), Part 1 is a population-based, cross-sectional cohort study and included 1000 subjects out of 1314 (76.1%) subjects from a rural area of Maharasthra/India, aged 30+ years, invited to participate. Confocal laser scanning tomographic optic disc images were morphometrically examined. Results: Mean optic disc area (2.25 ± 0.51 mm2, range 1.12–4.61 mm2) was significantly correlated with myopic refractive error (p < 0.001) and axial length (p < 0.001), whereas gender (p = 0.14), body height (p = 0.44) and best corrected visual acuity (p = 0.59) were not significantly associated in multiple regression analysis. Conclusions: Mean optic disc area is larger in the central Indian population than in White people. Axial length and myopic refractive error are independent factors that influence optic disc size. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]