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Ampelopsis brevipedunculata (Maxim.) Trautv. has been used for a long time as a folk remedy. According to studies, it possesses anti‐inflammatory, antioxidant, and antibacterial properties. However, its effects on atopic dermatitis (AD) are poorly studied. Thus, we investigated the therapeutic effect of A. brevipedunculata (Maxim.) Trautv. extract (ABE‐M) on 2,4‐dinitrochlorobenzene (DNCB)‐induced AD. For in vitro analysis, keratinocytes cell lines (HaCaT cells) were used. To evaluate the gene and protein expression levels of cytokines and chemokines, TNF‐α/IFN‐γ‐stimulated HaCaT cells were treated with ABE‐M. The cells and the supernatant were collected, then gene and protein levels were analyzed by real‐time polymerase chain reaction and enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay analysis. For in vivo analysis, BALB/c mice (6 weeks) were randomly separated into five groups (n = 5). The mice were applied DNCB and phosphate‐buffered saline, dexamethasone (DX) or ABE‐M (50, 100, and 200 mg/kg) was orally administrated for 28 days. At the end, ear tissues and blood were collected for histological analysis and evaluation of cytokines and chemokines. In keratinocytes, ABE‐M inhibited the protein and mRNA levels of chemokines, and cytokines exposed by TNF‐α/IFN‐γ. Similarly, the expression of chemokines was suppressed by ABE‐M in AD animal model induced by DNCB and the level of pro‐inflammatory cytokines was decreased in a dose‐dependent manner. Our research indicates that ABE‐M could be a candidate material that can be used to improve skin immunity enhancement, health, and beauty. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Rosa rugosa Thunb., is as a medicinal plant known for anti‐diabetic, and anti‐inflammatory activities. However, the specific active compounds responsible for the individual pharmacological effects of in R. rugosa extract (95% EtOH) remain unknown. Here, we hypothesized that terpenoid structure, the most abundant constituents in R. rugosa extract, are responsible for its anti‐inflammatory activity. We investigated the phytochemical substituents (compounds 1–13) and newly purified 11‐methoxy polisin A, and 13‐methoxy bisaborosaol F using NMR and ESI‐MS and to screened their effects on NO production in LPS‐induced macrophages. Rugosic acid A (RA) induced to ameliorate NO production, iNOS, and pro‐inflammatory cytokines associated with the NF‐κB. And, RA suppressed IL‐6 secretion and IL‐6‐mediated STAT3 activation in LPS‐mediated inflammation. In addition, RA was evaluated in LPS‐mediated acute lung injury (ALI) model similar to acute pneumonia. Our results suggested that RA was suppressed to translocate nuclear NF‐κB and IL‐6‐mediated STAT3 activation. Finally, RA led to amelioration of ALI by decreasing myeloperoxidase (MPO) and inhibiting phosphorylation of NF‐κB and STAT3. Our group originally found that R. rugosa extract had new methoxy compounds and RA may be alternative natural agent for acute pneumonia similar to severe acute respiratory syndrome by coronavirus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In Asia, Vigna angularis (azuki bean) has been used as a traditional medicine to treat various diseases because of its biological properties. Osteoarthritis (OA) and osteoporosis (OP) are common regenerative bone diseases that are characterized by deterioration of joint and bone structure. In this study, we evaluated the effects of Vigna angularis extract (VAE) on monosodium iodoacetate (MIA)‐induced OA and ovariectomy (OVX)‐induced OP models. In the MIA‐induced OA results, severe OA was alleviated by the administration of VAE. Extensive local damage in the cartilage and hemorrhagic and edematous of surrounding tissues were decreased by VAE treatment. Articular cartilage was almost intact except for a focal mild abrasion, and the surface was glistening, similar to that of the normal joint. In the OVX‐induced OP results, bone mineral content (BMC) and bone mineral density (BMD) were recovered by VAE treatment, and it improved the microstructures of bone. These results show that VAE could inhibit OA and OP symptoms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An abstract of the study "Sesquiterpenoids From the Rhizomes of Curcuma Phaeocaulis and Their Inhibitory Effects on LPS-Induced TLR4 Activation" by S. W. Lee and colleagues is presented.

A series of title compounds of type (III) are prepared and screened as IL-6/STAT3 inhibitors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]