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To improve the fermentation efficiency of Propionibacterium acidipropionici, a semi‐continuous coupled fermentation process was established to achieve co‐production of propionic acid (PA) and succinic acid (SA). First, the optimal proportion of glucose (Glc) and glycerol (Gl) as a mixed carbon source was determined, and the feeding procedure of Gl was optimized to make more energy flow in the direction of product synthesis. Then, ZGD630 anion exchange resin was used for efficient adsorption of PA, thereby eliminating the feedback inhibition effect of PA. Finally, an efficient, coupled fermentation process of P. acidipropionici characterized by membrane separation and chromatography technology was developed. The concentrations of PA and SA reached 62.22 ± 2.32 and 20.45 ± 1.34 g L−1, with corresponding productivity of 0.43 and 0.14 g L−1 h−1, increased by 65.38% and 48.54%, respectively. Membrane separation coupled fermentation of PA and SA could significantly improve the process economics of P. acidipropionici, and has good prospects for industrial application. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A series of new dyes based on 4‐bromo‐1, 8‐naphthaliminde had been designed, synthesized and evaluated. Spectroscopic tests of those compounds exhibited that these dyes emitted yellow‐green fluorescence at 490‐520 nm and had high quantum yields 0.76. Those dyes suggested positive fluorescent dichroism, when dispersed in LC E7, SA and SF which were up to 0.51, 0.41, respectively. The dye and LC E7 were mixtured and then did the photoelectric test. Mass spectrometry, NMR and melting point were characterized. Ultraviolet and fluorescence spectra were tested in the isotropic solvents, and the absorption and emission spectra in the anisotropic liquid crystal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Intelligent dimming film is a new type of electrooptic response film material. Polymer dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC) is prepared by evenly dispersing polymer into liquid crystal material. Among them, liquid crystal molecules show excellent electro‐optical properties, while polymers provide good mechanical and processing properties.They have great application prospects in large area flexible display, intelligent building materials dimming glass, intelligent transportation, intelligent sensing and other fields, so they are widely concerned by researchers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Current research on pedestrian dynamics mainly focuses on the interactions among isolated individuals, the impact of the presence of groups is not fully considered. In recent 5 years, researchers have started to investigate pedestrian group movement. The aim of this work is to explore the local behavior of pedestrian groups by questionnaires and field observation. Survey study focused on pedestrians' psychology when walking in groups, which included five parts: group size, interpersonal distance, spatial relationship among group members, speed adjustment of group members, information transmission, and acid action among group members. Meantime a field observation was carried out to study group movement characteristics, which contained speed, step frequency, offset angle and interpersonal distance. The survey results show that group members have a closer interpersonal distance, faster information transmission and plenty of acid action. Conversely, group walking has a negative influence on pedestrian's speed, step frequency by comparing with the way isolated pedestrian walks. In addition, it is found that for a certain group, the group members are able to keep movement consistent. Also there exists obvious movement diversity among different group types (male dyads, female dyads, couple groups, and ordinary-friend groups) because of different gender and social relationship. Ultimately the results will be more promising for helping to model the movement of pedestrian groups. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Complexity 20: 87-97, 2015 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The absorption wavelength of Z series of naphthalimide fluorescent liquid crystal dye are at around 390 nm and emission wavelength are at around 500 nm (Figure 1). 350 400 450 500 550 600 650 700 0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 B fluorescence intensity wavelength(nm) Z1 Z2 Z3 Z4 Z5 Z6 Z7 Fig.2: fluorescence spectra of LC dyes Z1Z7 in dichloromethane Bright green fluorescence was observed and the maxi mum fluorescence quantum yield reaches up to 0.88. A series of naphthalene anhydride fluorescence dichroic liquid crystal dye (Z) have been designed and synthesized. 250 300 350 400 450 500 550 600 0.00 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.25 0.30 0.35 0.40 A absorbance wavelength(nm) Z1 Z2 Z3 Z4 Z5 Z6 Z7 Fig.1:UV-vis absorption dyes in dichloromethane The liquid crystal molecules have been tested for threshold voltage. [Extracted from the article]