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This article explores the potential use of pathobiome strains as live biotherapeutic products for human health. It emphasizes the importance of evaluating these strains at a detailed level, considering factors such as functional genes, ecological niche, and drug interactions. The article acknowledges the role of the gut microbiota in human health and discusses the potential benefits and risks of using pathobiome strains. It also addresses the challenges in developing these products, particularly in terms of safety, efficacy, and quality management. The authors propose further research into gene functions, ecological influences, and the pathogenicity of specific strains, and suggest expanding the applications of live biotherapeutics beyond gastrointestinal diseases. They discuss various development methods, such as large-scale screening and gene editing technology, and highlight the need for further investigation in this field. [Extracted from the article]

Background: The current ISO guidelines for minimal erythema dose (MED) determination require assessment of erythema area of UV‐irradiated skin sites. However, this parameter has not been adequately quantified in daily practice. The aims of this study were to investigate the dose response on the unprotected skin sites by quantifying the erythema area and intensity and to show the potential for improving the precision and consistency of MEDu determination by developing predictive models. Methods: Standard radiation tests were conducted on the back of 31 healthy Chinese volunteers and the MEDu site of each subject was clinically determined by dermatologists. Images of test sites were captured 24 h after radiation, and the erythema area (%EA) and intensity (∆a*) were measured by image analysis. The data were fitted to a logistic 3P function to obtain dose–response curves, and a set of logit (inverse‐logistic) models were then derived. An erythema area threshold of %EA = 52% was established to predict MEDu based on the clinical endpoints defined by ISO 24444:2019. Results: Analysis of the clinically determined MEDu sites revealed wide ranges of %EA (62.3 ± 15% SD) and ∆a* (2.96 ± 0.92 SD). The dose response fitted well to a logistic 3P model (mean R2 = 0.965 and 0.975 for %EA and ∆a*, respectively). Applying the area threshold, values of MEDu were determined by the logit model for the test population, which significantly improved the consistency of MEDu determination (52 ± 0% SD and 2.73 ± 0.61 SD for %EA and ∆a*, respectively). Conclusion: This study demonstrated that the dose response of UV‐induced erythema can be quantified and modeled once the erythema area and intensity are measured. The results of this study show the potential to improve the precision and consistency of MEDu determination in an SPF test. The similar potential in photodermatological, therapeutic, and diagnostic applications was also implied. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To determine the optimal position of three cannulated screws in an inverted triangle pattern for internal fixation of femoral neck fractures, including the apex–subchondral bone distance, computed tomography (CT) images of the hip were processed using the MIMICS (Materialize Interactive Medical Image Control System) Research software. Points adjacent to the inferior, anterosuperior, and posterior cortex of the femoral neck were selected on the axial view. Subsequently, the positions of these points were adjusted to maximize the area between them, and splines were drawn in the coronal and sagittal planes to represent the cannulated screws. Finally, the virtual anteroposterior and lateral fluoroscopy images of the proximal femur and splines were created and the parameters calculated. Finite element analysis showed this fixation scheme provides stronger fracture support and stability. Twenty patients with femoral neck fractures (Modified group), with the area and perimeter of the triangle formed on axial postoperative CT images, including the shortest distance from the tip of the screw to the subchondral bone was compared with 23 matched patients for whom the conventional inverted isosceles triangle configuration of screws for internal fixation was used (Conventional group). The area and perimeter of the stabilization screws were larger, with a shorter apex–subchondral bone distance for the Modified group. There was no incidence of screw penetration in the femoral neck or head in either group, and all fractures healed within a follow‐up period of 10 months. The modified screw placement method is simple and safe and provides greater fracture stability than the conventional empirical method of fixation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Zika virus (ZIKV) infection poses a significant threat to global public health and is associated with microcephaly. There are no approved ZIKV‐specific vaccines or drugs for the clinical treatment of the infection. Currently, there are no approved ZIKV‐specific vaccines or drugs for the clinical treatment of the infection. In this study, we investigated the antiviral potential of aloperine, a quinolizidine alkaloid, against ZIKV infection in vivo and in vitro. Our results demonstrate that aloperine effectively inhibits ZIKV infection in vitro, with a low nanomolar half maximal effective concentration (EC50). Specifically, aloperine strongly protected cells from ZIKV multiplication, as indicated by decreased expression of viral proteins and virus titer. Our further investigations using the time‐of‐drug‐addition assay, binding, entry, and replication assays, detection of ZIKV strand‐specific RNA, the cellular thermal shift assay, and molecular docking revealed that aloperine significantly inhibits the replication stage of the ZIKV life cycle by targeting the domain RNA‐dependent RNA polymerase (RDRP) of ZIKV NS5 protein. Additionally, aloperine reduced viremia in mice and effectively lowered the mortality rate in infected mice. These findings highlight the potency of aloperine and its ability to target ZIKV infection, suggesting its potential as a promising antiviral drug against ZIKV. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: This systematic review and meta‐analysis investigated the accuracy of prenatal fetal ultrasound (US) to detect cleft palate during the second and third trimester (12–36 weeks) of pregnancy in high‐risk fetuses. Methods: Pubmed and Embase databases were searched for studies that performed prenatal fetal US (comparator) and postnatal examination (reference standard) in fetuses at high risk for orofacial clefts. Risk of bias among included studies was assessed using the QUADAS‐2. Area under the summary receiver operating characteristic (SROC) curve and pooled sensitivity and specificity were calculated. Results: This meta‐analysis included 7 studies involving 663 high‐risk fetuses. The individual studies showed that prenatal fetal US accurately predicted the possibility of cleft palate in these fetuses. Pooled sensitivity was 87% (95% CI 71%–95%), pooled specificity was 98% (95%CI 90%–100%), and the area under the SROC curve was 0.98 (95% CI 0.97–0.99). Conclusion: Second and third trimester fetal US has excellent sensitivity and specificity for the detection of cleft palate in high‐risk pregnancies. Access the CME test here and search by article title. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, two conservative finite difference schemes for fractional Schrödinger–Boussinesq equations are formulated and investigated. The convergence of the nonlinear fully implicit scheme is established via discrete energy method, while the linear semi‐implicit scheme is analyzed by means of mathematical induction method. Our schemes are proved to preserve the total mass and energy in discrete level. The numerical results are given to confirm the theoretical analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A 13.3‐in. 8K Oxide TFT‐LCD with Smart View driving was reported in this paper. Based on the high performance of Oxide TFT and advanced design rule, the transmittance could be improved 8% compared to traditional type. By Smart View driving, the logical power could be saved 20% on the 4K resolution compared with the 8K mode. The total power of 13.3‐in. 8K TFT‐LCD could be lower to 2.3W by Oxide technology. Meanwhile, the panel border could be reduced to 2.5mm because of the small TFT design. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Cardiac implantable electronic devices (CIEDs) can measure atrial fibrillation (AF) early; however, the timing for administering antiarrhythmic drugs (AADs) to suppress AF remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the association between baseline values and changes after AAD in terms of relative reduction of AF burden (RRAB) and maximum AF duration (RRMD). Methods: This multicenter retrospective study screened all patients with nonpermanent AF who had dual‐chamber pacemakers and only enrolled those receiving a naive AAD between September 2009 and December 2014. AF burden and maximum duration were calculated using CIED at 0 and 3 to 6 months after starting rhythm control. All the enrolled patients were divided into four groups according to baseline AF burden. RRAB and RRMD were monitored using CIEDs. Results: Overall, 145 eligible subjects received a naive AAD for nonpermanent AF. The mean RRAB in the four groups (AF burden <1%, 1%‐4%, 4%‐18%, and ≥18%) were −65.3%, −46.4%, −34.7%, and −27.9% (P = 0.005), respectively. Mean RRMD were −26.8%, −12.4%, 4.2%, and 6.0%, respectively (P = 0.006). Multivariate analysis revealed that the lowest baseline AF burden (<1%) was significantly associated with greater RRAB, which was not observed in the RRMD model. Conclusions: Lower baseline AF burden was associated with greater RRAB by AADs. Our finding suggests that rhythm control should be started in the early stage to achieve better responses to AADs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Layered GaSe flakes have revealed strongest second‐harmonic (SH) generation among all the two‐dimensional (2D) atomic crystals measured up to now. However, the unique feature of physical atomic thickness at nanometer scale prevents their practical applications in efficient nonlinear optical conversion due to limited light–matter interaction length. In this work, high quality single‐crystal GaSe nanoribbons (NRs) are fabricated and demonstrated as waveguides with good performance. By taking advantage of the strong confinement and long interaction length of the waveguiding approach, significantly enhanced nonlinear light–matter interaction is observed in GaSe NRs. Based on transverse SH generation, a single GaSe NR‐configured optical auto‐correlator is constructed for ultrashort pulse characterization. Because of the large second‐order nonlinear susceptibility, high sensitivity down to few femto‐joule (fJ) is realized. To the best of our knowledge, this is the highest energy sensitivity among the reported nanoscale auto‐correlators. Such NR waveguides and devices are highly compatible with standard optical fiber systems. The presented results may enable the construction of future energy efficient nonlinear photonic circuitry, chips, and devices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article, two conserved compact finite difference schemes for solving the nonlinear coupled Schrödinger-Boussinesq equation are proposed. The conservative property, existence, convergence, and stability of the difference solutions are theoretically analyzed. The numerical results are reported to demonstrate the accuracy and efficiency of the methods and to confirm our theoretical analysis. © 2016Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Numer Methods Partial Differential Eq 32: 1667-1688, 2016 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we introduce a novel photo spacer (PS) structure to address the PS scratching mura on FFS mode. By precise adjustment of relative position of Sub PS and metal Stage in array glass, the PS mura is completely prevented. We put forward prediction model and conducted experiments to test the effectiveness of the scheme. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Charging compensation needs to be verified in 75inch oxide 8K4K 120Hz TV panel because pixel charging time is only 1.85us. To faster and cost less, a new method using 3.42inch panel to simulation 5 key positions is proposed. The charging ratio uniformity increases from 85% to 99% along data line direction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim Dysregulation of the activity of the disintegrin/metalloproteinase ADAM10 could contribute to the development of atherosclerosis. Although a number of genetic studies have focused on the association of ADAM10 gene polymorphisms with susceptibility to diseases, no genetic association studies of ADAM10 gene variability with atherosclerotic cerebral infarction ( ACI) have been conducted. The aim of this study was to analyze the potential association between ADAM10 promoter polymorphisms and ACI. Methods The associations between rs653765 and rs514049 polymorphisms of the ADAM10 promoter and the possible risk of ACI were assessed among 347 patients with ACI and 299 matched healthy individuals in a case-control study. Results Overall, there was a significant difference in the genotypes frequencies of rs653765 ( P = 0.04) between the ACI and control subjects. In addition, the rs653765 mutated allele of ADAM10 was significantly associated with increased ADAM10 expression in patients with ACI ( P = 0.032). In contrast, the allele frequency of rs514049 was not statistically associated with ACI, and the rs514049 variant A > C did not affect the expression of ADAM10 either. Conclusion Our findings indicate a positive association between the rs653765 polymorphism of ADAM10 and ACI, as well as a negative result for rs514049. In addition, a significant increase in ADAM10 expression was observed in patients with ACI carrying the rs653765 C > T mutation. This new knowledge about ADAM10 might be clinically important and confirm a role for ADAM10 in the pathophysiology of ACI, with potentially important therapeutic implications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A novel nanosponge (NS) was synthesized via the crosslinking of β-cyclodextrin with epoxy resin. Subsequently, a phosphorus-containing nanosponge (P-NS) was prepared by the absorbance of resorcinol bis(diphenyl phosphate) into the NS, and it was used as a synergistic agent of intumescent flame retardance in a polypropylene (PP)/melamine pyrophosphate/pentaerythritol composite. The synergistic effect between P-NS and the intumescent flame retardant (IFR) was investigated by thermogravimetry, limiting oxygen index (LOI) testing, vertical burning (UL-94) testing, cone calorimeter testing, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results show that P-NS significantly improved the flame retardancy of the PP/IFR composite. When 3.0 wt % P-NS replaced the same amount of IFR in the composite, the LOI value increased from 29.0 to 32.5%, the UL-94 rating was enhanced from V-1 to V-0, and the peak heat release rate decreased substantially from 343 to 235 kW/m2. Simultaneously, the total heat release and mass loss rate decreased dramatically. Furthermore, the SEM results show that the quality of char formation of the PP/IFR/P-NS was superior to that of the PP/IFR composite. © 2012 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2012 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We present a new ADS pixel design base on BPS (Black Post Spacer) on array technology to improve transmittance and save to cost. By putting BPS above data line, light leakage caused by data electric field was prevented, leading to higher transmittance in 8k application. In this paper, we studied key parameter and the optical performance of the new pixel design. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]