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BACKGROUND: Sturgeon cartilage type II collagen peptides (SHCPs) can self‐assemble and be used to prepare collagen peptide assemblies. Self‐assembled peptides have great potential for applications in the food industry. In the present study, self‐assembled peptides were prepared from sturgeon cartilage and then characterized. RESULTS: The SHCPs self‐assembled and formed collagen peptide assemblies. After response surface experiment optimization, the optimal enzyme digestion process comprised 43.1 °C, 3.37 h and 0.96% enzyme addition, and the peptide yield was 78.46%. Physicochemical analysis showed that the SHCPs were amphiphilic, with an average molecular weight of 1081 Da, and were rich in hydrophobic amino acids. Peptide sequence identification showed that the peptides of SHCPs with polar amino acids followed by hydrophobic amino acids could be self‐assembled through hydrogen bonding and hydrophobic interaction. Through turbidity experiments, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy, we demonstrated that SHCPs can self‐assemble into reticular and tubular structures under specific conditions. Furthermore, both the SHCPs‐Ca and SHCPs‐Mg assemblies were stabilized within a pH range consistent with that of the human gastrointestinal tract. CONCLUSION: The present study provides a simple and safe method for preparing novel self‐assembled peptide materials from sturgeon by‐products, providing a scientific basis for the exploitation of sturgeon cartilage and potentially reducing resource wastage. © 2024 Society of Chemical Industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Microbiologically influenced corrosion (MIC) caused by sulfate‐reducing bacteria (SRB) is a major threat to buried pipelines. The crevices beneath disbonded coatings provide the environment for the survival and growth of SRB, accelerating the attachment of SRB and significantly reducing the effectiveness of buried pipelines. In this work, the influence of initial pH values (6.4, 8.0) and SRB concentrations (2.0 × 101, 4.5 × 102, 2.5 × 103 cells/mL) were investigated on the behaviors of L415 carbon steel. The results indicated that the overall uniform corrosion rate of L415 carbon steel decreased while the maximum pitting corrosion rate exhibited an increasing trend with the increasing of initial concentration of SRB. In comparison to the pH 6.4 environment, the overall risk of pitting corrosion in pH 8.0 environment was reduced due to the biomineralization of SRB, enhancing the protection of metal materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Solvent effects add a new dimension for tuning the activity and selectivity of heterogeneous catalytic reactions, which is extensively employed in the hydrogenation of unsaturated compounds with multiple functional groups. In this concept, we briefly summarize recent developments on how the solvent effects affect the catalytic performance from the following aspects: 1) the polarity of the solvent can influence the interaction between the solvent and the reactant or intermediate; 2) the composition of mixed solvent can influence the reactivity of the reactant or intermediate; 3) solvent effect varies with the metal identity and support; 4) the solvent can induce surface modification of the supported catalysts. This summarization will provide insights into the rational development of efficient and selective heterogeneous hydrogenation catalytic system to realize the precise synthesis of desired chemicals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research investigates consumption‐based carbon dioxide emissions (CBE) within the Group of Seven (G7) economies from 1990 to 2022, particularly under the Paris Agreement. The main focus of the study is on key determinants such as trade, income, renewable energy consumption, foreign direct investment, and technological innovation. The study aims to unravel the complexities underlying the environmental footprint of consumption. A novel aspect of this research is its intent to fill existing gaps in the literature by providing a sectoral analysis and exploring the temporal dynamics of consumption patterns within these advanced industrial nations. Advanced econometric methods, specifically the Cross‐Section Augmented Autoregressive Distributed Lag (CS‐ARDL), are employed to enhance the robustness and reliability of the analysis. Cointegration relationships among CBE and its determinants shed light on the short and long‐term interdependencies among these factors. Using the Augmented Mean Group (AMG) and Common Correlated Effect Mean Group (CCEMG) methods to conduct robustness checks makes the models even more substantial and ensures the results' validity. The implications of this research are far‐reaching, extending to various stakeholders, including policymakers, businesses, industries, and supply chain decision makers. Our study identifies significant long‐term relationships between CBE and key determinants within G7 economies. The findings emphasize the urgency of adopting strategies that promote the sustainable management of natural resources. As global efforts intensify to address climate change, this research provides practical implications for shaping sustainable policy strategies and environmental initiatives on a global scale. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Persistent Luminescent Nanoparticles (PLNPs) emit prolonged light after excitation, allowing getting images with high signal‐to‐noise ratio, making them particularly beneficial for in vitro biodetection. In this study, we report the preparation of a library of gallium and zinc‐based Persistent Luminescent Nanoparticles doped with chromium (ZnGa2O4:Cr3+) through two distinct syntheses conducted at 120 °C for 12 hours or 24 hours, followed by a calcination at 500 °C or 750 °C. Using centrifugation, and starting from polydisperse samples, we demonstrated the ability to achieve different sizes in a monodisperse manner. Furthermore, our research revealed that ZnGa2O4:Cr3+ (ZGO) nanoparticles react differently with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) based on their size, synthesis duration, and calcination temperature. We observed the most significant amplification of persistent luminescence for ZGO particles prepared at 120 °C for 12 hours and calcinated at 500 °C, with a size of approximately 100 nm, in the presence of 100 mM H2O2 (later named ZGO‐2). This study enabled the detection of H2O2 in serum without autofluorescence using the developed PLNPs, with a detection limit of up to 2.1 μM and a recovery rate of around 99 %. Additionally, we designed a glucose test for based on the responsiveness of ZGO PLNPs to H2O2. Using glucose oxidase, the glucose detection limit in serum was established around 0.13 μM, with a detection range between 0–5 μM. These findings could open new avenues to further control the size, synthesis, calcination temperature, and persistent luminescence of PLNPs, thus enhancing their utility in the development of new in vitro biosensors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nitrogen absorption and vacuum denitrigenization experiments of 42CrMoA molten steel are carried out in a vacuum suspension furnace. Based on the results, the effects of absorption time on the nitrogen absorption process and denitrigenization time/pressure on denitrigenization process are studied, and the morphology of nitrogen bubbles in denitrigenization samples are analyzed. At temperature of 1777 K, the nitrogen solubility of 42CrMoA steel under pressures of 1 × 105 and 0.2 × 105 Pa are measured as 510 and 230 ppm, which are higher than the value calculated by Satir's nitrogen solubility formula. Nitrogen bubbles are observed in denitrigenization samples at denitrigenization pressure ranging from 0.2 × 105 to 0.8 × 105 Pa, indicating that bubbles can precipitate when the supersaturation degree of nitrogen in molten steel exceeds 38 ppm. The bubble diameters are in the range of 2.7–22.8 μm; it is presumed that the critical‐nucleation radius of nitrogen bubbles is 2.7 μm. The size of nitrogen bubbles measured in this experiment is much smaller than the critical‐nucleation radius calculated by classical‐nucleation theory for both homogeneous and heterogeneous‐nucleation method. Moreover, the pressure inside bubbles are analyzed and found to be much larger than nitrogen precipitation pressure, which is not in accordance with classical‐nucleation theory, highlighting the need for further study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To reduce the high burden of disease caused by air pollution, the World Health Organization (WHO) released new Air Quality Guidelines (AQG) on September 22, 2021. In this study, the daily fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and surface ozone (O3) data of 618 cities around the world is collected from 2019 to 2022. Based on the new AQG, the number of attainment days for daily average concentrations of PM2.5 (≤ 15 µg m−3) and O3 (≤ 100 µg m−3) is approximately 10% and 90%, respectively. China and India exhibit a decreasing trend in the number of highly polluted days (> 75 µg m−3) for PM. Every year over 68% and 27% of cities in the world are exposed to harmful PM2.5 (> 35 µg m−3) and O3 (> 100 µg m−3) pollution, respectively. Combined with the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), it is found that more than 35% of the world's cities face PM2.5‐O3 compound pollution. Furthermore, the exposure risks in these cities (China, India, etc.) are mainly categorized as "High Risk", "Risk", and "Stabilization". In contrast, economically developed cities are mainly categorized as "High Safety", "Safety", and "Deep Stabilization." These findings indicate that global implementation of the WHO's new AQG will minimize the inequitable exposure risk from air pollution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents detailed curing kinetics models for two thermoset adhesives. The cure kinetics were characterized using differential scanning calorimetry in both anisothermal and isothermal modes. The Sestak–Berggren autocatalytic model was applied to describe the anisothermal cure kinetics of the two adhesives with the Malek and undetermined coefficients methods determining their kinetic parameters. The Kamal autocatalytic model was adopted for the isothermal curing processes with the Kenny analytical‐graphical method determining the kinetic parameters. A modified Kamal model was developed by introducing a concept of the maximum degree of cure (DOC) and temperature‐depended kinetic parameters to describe the isothermal cure kinetics of the adhesive with a typical exothermic peak, and an extended Kamal model was further proposed by adding an initial‐phase‐control term to the modified Kamal model to describe the isothermal cure kinetics of the adhesive with two exothermic peaks. The results showed that the presented curing kinetics models with the determined parameters can precisely predict the evolutions of the DOC of the two thermoset adhesives in both anisothermal and isothermal modes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In practice, many prominent electronic retailers (e‐tailers) offer consumers both self‐run (i.e., reselling mode) and third‐party (i.e., agency selling mode) sales channels. However, previous research has not explained how consumers choose between these two channels and the potential moderating factors of that choice. To narrow this gap in the literature, we conducted a cognitive neuroscience‐based experiment and a scenario‐based experiment to investigate how the consumers' purchase intention is impacted by e‐commerce sales channels (self‐run vs. third‐party) and review volume (low vs. high). As per the results of the experiments, the participants were more likely to buy from the self‐run (vs. third‐party) channel when the review volume was low; however, they did not differ in their purchase intention between the self‐run and third‐party channels when the review volume was high (Studies 1 and 2). The neuroscience data yielded similar findings: When the review volume was low, the self‐run channel elicited more pronounced electroencephalography activity regarding the late positive potential (LPP) than the third‐party channel; when the review volume was high, there was no difference in the LPP induced by the two sales channels (Study 1). In addition, the interaction effect between sales channel and review volume on purchase intention was mediated by perceived product quality (Study 2). Based on these findings, we discussed the theoretical and practical implications of the research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Flavonoid‐C‐glycosides with various pharmacological actions were abundant in corn silk, and fragmentation in mass spectra of flavonoid‐C‐glycosides compounds was particularly important. This paper aimed to supervise the fragmentation patterns of flavonoid‐C‐glycosides in the enriched flavonoids from corn silk by high‐efficiency ultra‐high‐performance liquid chromatography combined with a quadrupole time‐of‐flight mass spectrometry approach. Therefore, the flavonoids were extracted by heating reflux and then purified based on D101 macroporous resin. Thirty‐five flavonoids were triumphantly identified in the purified product. Among them, 14 were flavonoid‐C‐glycosides, seven of them owned luteolin mother nuclei (luteolin‐C‐glycosides) and seven of them owned apigenin mother nuclei (apigenin‐C‐glycosides). Importantly, the diagnostic product ions of luteolin‐C‐glycosides including m/z (431, 413, 395, 369, 367, 313, and 299) and m/z (429, 411, 393, 367, 365, 311, and 297), and the characteristic product ions of apigenin‐C‐glycosides covered m/z (353, 339, and 299) and m/z (339, 327, and 309). In addition, diagnostic H2O neutral loss and glycosyl craking were familiar, and the difference values among product ions mainly contained 40, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, and 120 Da. Thus, the fragmentations of luteolin‐C‐glycosides and apigenin‐C‐glycosides identified in corn silk were with proper regularity. The obtained fragmentation patterns provided rapid recognition and meaningful guidance for the purification study of flavonoid‐C‐glycosides. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cesium lead triiodide (CsPbI3) perovskite receives tremendous attention for photovoltaic applications, owing to its remarkable thermal stability and optoelectronic properties. However, realizing the CsPbI3 perovskite with high black‐phase stability and optoelectronic properties remains a significant challenge, which largely affects the photovoltaic performance of perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Herein, aromatic ammonium agents are used to modulate the crystallization of the CsPbI3 perovskite to improve its black‐phase stability and optoelectronic properties for efficient PSCs. Systemically experimental studies and comprehensively theoretical calculations are performed, which reveal that histammonium dihydrochloride (HACl2) could strongly couple with the perovskite during its crystallization, leading to faster nucleation and slower perovskite growth, and thus modulating the crystallization dynamics of the perovskites. Moreover, the residual diammonium cations (HA2+) distributed at the grain boundaries and on the surface of the perovskites can effectively passivate defects through electrostatic interactions, substantially suppressing trap‐assisted nonradiative recombination, and prompting more matched perovskite surface energetics. Consequently, the photovoltaic performance of CsPbI3 PSCs is largely improved because of a combination of enhanced crystallinity and optoelectronic properties of the perovskites. This work offers a new avenue to prepare inorganic perovskites with high optoelectronic properties for photovoltaics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Alarm fatigue has significant negative impacts on nurses and patient safety. However, the relationship between alarm fatigue and burnout is still unclear. Aims: This study aimed to explore the relationship between alarm fatigue and burnout among critical care nurses. Study design: A descriptive‐analytical cross‐sectional study design was used. Data were collected from five hospitals in mainland China between January 2022 and March 2022. A general information questionnaire, the Chinese version of the Intensive Care Unit Nurse Alarm Fatigue Questionnaire, and the Chinese version of the Maslach Burnout Inventory were used. Results: A total of 236 critical care nurses were enrolled in this study. The mean score of alarm fatigue among critical care nurses was 21.11 ± 6.83. The results showed that critical care nurses experienced moderate alarm fatigue levels, and most nurses had moderate to high levels of burnout. The multiple linear regression analyses showed that alarm fatigue was independently associated with emotional exhaustion, depersonalization dimensions, and reduced personal accomplishment dimension. Conclusions: Alarm fatigue was associated with burnout among critical care nurses. Reducing critical care nurses' alarm fatigue may help to alleviate burnout. Relevance to clinical practice: Managers should provide comprehensive training for nurses and promote the application of artificial intelligence technology in alarm management to reduce alarm fatigue and improve burnout among critical care nurses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: Porcine nasal cartilage type II collagen‐derived peptides (PNCPs) may be complexed with calcium to provide a highly bioavailable, low‐cost, and effective calcium food supplement. However, the calcium‐binding characteristics of PNCPs have not yet been investigated. In the present study, calcium‐binding peptides were derived from porcine nasal cartilage type II collagen and the resulting PNCPs‐Ca complex was characterized. RESULTS: The study reveals that the calcium‐binding capacity of PNCPs is closely related to enzymatic hydrolysis conditions. The highest calcium‐binding capacity of PNCPs was observed at a hydrolysis time of 4 h, temperature of 40 °C, enzyme dosage of 1%, and solid‐to‐liquid ratio of 1:10. Scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X‐ray spectroscopy revealed that the PNCPs had a pronounced capacity for calcium binding, with the PNCPs‐Ca complex exhibiting a clustered structure consisting of aggregated spherical particles. Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy, fluorescence spectroscopy, X‐ray diffraction, dynamic light scattering, amino acid composition, and molecular weight distribution analyses all indicated that the PNCPs and calcium complexed via the carboxyl oxygen and amino nitrogen atoms, leading to the formation of a β‐sheet structure during the chelation process. In addition, the stability of the PNCPs‐Ca complex was maintained over a range of pH values consistent with those found in the human gastrointestinal tract, facilitating calcium absorption. CONCLUSION: These research findings suggest the feasibility of converting by‐products from livestock processing into calcium‐binding peptides, providing a scientific basis for the development of novel calcium supplements and the potential reduction of resource waste. © 2023 Society of Chemical Industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Achieving high‐performance luminescence for underwater bonding remains a significant challenge in materials science. This study addresses this issue by synthesizing a luminescent material based on an aggregation‐induced emission (AIE) monomer and copolymerizing it with lipoic acid (LA) to create an AIE supramolecular polymer. The resulting copolymer exhibits strong fluorescence under ultraviolet (UV) irradiation at 365 nm due to the AIE of TPEE and enables underwater adhesion. The P(LA‐TPEE) polymer demonstrates potential for digital encryption and decryption of quick response (QR) codes underwater. Furthermore, it can dissolve well in anhydrous ethanol, producing an environment‐friendly and super waterproof adhesive. Most notably, the P(LA‐TPEE) solution can be sprayed on human skin, creating an invisible tattoo that only became visible under UV light due to the hydrogen bond (H‐bond) and π–π structures. This smart tattoo can be quickly wiped away with alcohol, avoiding the painful and harmful process of tattoo removal. It can also be repeatedly applied to draw the preferred tattoo pattern. This AIE supramolecular polymer shows great potential in underwater adhesion and repair, underwater message encryption, and non‐toxic and painless invisible tattooing. Overall, this study provides a valuable approach for material design in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The hydroformylation reaction of olefins with syngas (CO/H2) to manufacture aldehydes is one of the largest homogeneous catalytic processes. However, it is important to extend the use of Rh catalysts promoted by nitrogen ligands to heterogeneous system. In this study, a nitrogen‐containing porous organic polymer supported Rh catalyst (Rh/TImT‐TBPT) was successfully synthesized, as well as showed excellent catalytic activity (TOF=216 h−1) and selectivity of aldehydes (98 %) in the hydroformylation of 1‐octene. Furthermore, the catalytic performance of Rh/TImT‐TBPT in the hydroformylation of various olefins was also investigated, displaying outstanding results. The catalytic material was characterized by FT‐IR, XRD, XPS, TEM, SEM and TGA in detail. The characterization data showed that Rh species were highly dispersed on the support, leading to the good stability. More importantly, the Rh/TImT‐TBPT catalyst could be separated from the reaction system at the end of the hydroformylation, and then reused in the next cycle under optimized conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Given that the transition from ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) to invasive breast cancer (BC) is crucial during the BC progression, the mechanism involved in the invasion transition behind triple‐negative breast cancer (TNBC) and estrogen receptor‐positive (ER‐positive) subtype has remained elusive. This article detected distinct invasion patterns of BC cells between the ER‐positive and TNBC using intraductal murine models with intraductal administration of carbon nanoparticles (CNPs). First, the feasibility of the utility of CNPs as a tracer was proved. The area ratio of CNPs and tumor cells invading the stroma at the late stage was found significantly higher than that in the early stage in MNU‐induced ER‐positive BC. However, opposite results were obtained in the triple‐negative model. Consequently, we proposed that the ER‐positive phenotype cells behave differently between different stages during tumor progression while there is no such difference in the invasion process of TNBC cells. The analysis regarding the duct integrity along with immunohistochemical characteristics further explained the distinct invasion features between the ER‐positive and triple‐negative subtypes. Last, the relationship between the duct thickness and the duct integrity suggested that ER‐positive tumors gradually increased in size within the lumen before the invasion. Overall, this study suggested the different invasion characteristics of ER‐positive BC and TNBC in vivo. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Liposomes have become a research hotspot in recent years as food delivery systems with attractive properties, including the bilayer structure assembled like the cell membrane, reducing the side‐effect and improving environmental stability of cargos, controlling release, extending duration of functional ingredients, and high biodegradable and biocompatible abilities in the body. However, the conventional liposomes lack stability during storage and are weak in targeted absorption in the gastrointestinal track. At present, surface modification has been approved to be an effective platform to shield these barricades and help liposomes deliver the agents safely and effectively to the ideal site. In this review, the gastrointestinal stability of conventional liposomes, cargo release models from liposomes, and the biological fate of the core materials after release were emphasized. Then, the strategies in both physical and chemical perspectives to improve the stability and utilization of liposomes in the gastrointestinal tract, and the emerging approaches for improving gut targeting by specifically modified liposomes and the intestinal receptors relative to liposomes/cargos absorption were highlighted. Last but not the least, the safety, challenges, and opportunities for the improvement of liposomal bioavailability were also discussed to inspire new applications of liposomes as oral carriers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the rapid development of advanced materials and manufacturing technologies, flow sensors have made significant progress in the field of mechanical engineering, which could cater to the development trend of the Internet of Things (IoT) and the ongoing Fourth Industrial Revolution. However, traditional power supply modes such as lithium batteries require regular recharging or replacement, which greatly causes too much inconvenience and maintenance consumption, and may also pose potential risks to the marine environment. The triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs), based on the coupling effect of contact electrification and electrostatic induction, have been demonstrated to convert mechanical movements of the fluid into electrical signals with various features such as flexibility, conformability, and user‐friendliness. This review systematically summarizes for the first time the fundamental working mechanism, rational structural design, and analysis of practical application scenarios of triboelectric flow sensor as an emerging technology for flow monitoring of the Industrial IoT. According to the different fluid objects monitored, the latest representative achievements of triboelectric flow sensors can be divided into gas flow sensors, liquid flow sensors, and two‐phase flow sensors. Finally, the current challenges and future development directions of triboelectric flow sensors are examined, which can promote the further development of the field of the flow sensors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The charging of persistent luminescence using an infrared laser as a power source and an upconversion process is a recently proposed trend in the field of persistent luminescence that allows expansion of the potential applications for these materials. In bioimaging at nanoscale, it allows for increased rechargeability capacity, as the excitation wavelength is fully inside the biological window. In this work, a novel approach is proposed to this phenomenon using energy transfer on associated materials. For this purpose, β‐NaGd0.8Yb0.17Er0.03F4 nanoparticles, known for their efficient upconversion, and Zn1.33Ga1.335Sn0.33Cr0.005O4 nanoparticles, known for their persistent luminescence properties, have been synthesized and associated through a dry impregnation method. The obtained hybrid material is found to present persistent luminescence at 700 nm after charging with a 980 nm laser. A mechanism is proposed to explain this energy transfer process and the capabilities of the hybrid material as rechargeable persistent nanoprobe for in vivo applications are shown. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recently, increasing studies have shown that the functional properties of proteins, including emulsifying properties, antioxidant properties, solubility, and thermal stability, can be improved through glycation reaction under controlled reaction conditions. The use of glycated proteins to stabilize hydrophobic active substances and to explore the gastrointestinal fate of the stabilized hydrophobic substances has also become the hot spot. Therefore, in this review, the effects of glycation on the structure and function of food proteins and the physical stability and oxidative stability of protein‐stabilized oil/water emulsions were comprehensively summarized and discussed. Also, this review sheds lights on the in vitro digestion characteristics and edible safety of emulsion stabilized by glycated protein. It can further serve as a research basis for understanding the role of structural features in the emulsification and stabilization of glycated proteins, as well as their utilization as emulsifiers in the food industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Crystal preferred orientations and seismic anisotropy of amphibole play a crucial role in fingerprinting the rheological and physical properties of the deep crust. This study presents typical naturally deformed (banded, mylonitic, and ultramylonitic) amphibolites from the Ailao Shan‐Red River shear zone (ASRR‐SZ), southwestern China. In the banded amphibolite, coarse amphibole grains are highly elongated by dislocation creep and develop type I fabric of amphibole. In the mylonitic amphibolite, amphibole grains are characterized by porphyroclasts with core‐mantle structure and fine‐grained amphiboles in the matrix. Subgrain rotation recrystallization dominantly contribute to the grain size reduction process and display type III fabric of amphibole. In the ultramylonitic amphibolite, the fine‐grained amphiboles are mainly deformed by mechanical rotation of prismatic grains and develop type IV amphibole fabric. The seismic anisotropies are calculated from crystal preferred orientation (CPO) of naturally deformed amphiboles and model fabric. They both display that the transition of amphibole fabric from type III through type I to type IV also comes along with the transition of AVp patterns from Vp(X) ∼ Vp(Y) > Vp(Z) through Vp(X) > Vp(Y) > Vp(Z) to Vp(X) > Vp(Y) ∼ Vp(Z). Under the same texture strength, the strongest seismic anisotropy (both AVp and Max. AVs) occurs in the type III fabric of amphibole, the weakest seismic anisotropy is related to type IV fabric and a medium seismic anisotropy in type I fabric. This work indicates that the CPO types of amphiboles need be carefully considered in interpreting observed seismic anisotropy at the deep crustal level. Plain Language Summary: Amphibole is an important component in the middle to lower crustal rocks, and its deformation behaviors reflect the mechanical strength, rheological and physical properties of lithospheric crust. However, the detailed deformation characteristic and formation of CPOs, as well as deformation mechanisms in amphibole are highly debated. In this work, naturally deformed amphiboles from banded, mylonitic and ultramylonitic amphibolites are studied in detail, and they develop three typical CPO types related to distinct microstructures and deformation behaviors. The CPO types of amphiboles can significantly affect the AVp patterns and magnitude of seismic anisotropy. Thus, the CPO types of amphiboles should be carefully considered during the interpretation of observed seismic anisotropy. Key Points: Deformed amphibolites display distinct deformation behaviors and CPOs of amphiboleEffects of amphibole CPOs on seismic anisotropy (AVp, Max. AVs and AVs)The transition of amphibole fabrics significantly affects AVp patterns [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Applying behavioural economic theory, we argue that the frequency of philanthropic activity is important in determining corporate philanthropy's economic outcome. Using Chinese data from 2003 to 2016, we find that firms with more frequent philanthropic activities obtain more government subsidies than firms that only engage in one‐off charitable donations. Firms with better corporate governance, such as higher management ownership and more independent directors, are more likely to adopt a strategy of frequent donation. Furthermore, firms are more likely to be frequent donors when management or local government officers have a long tenure. Our findings provide insight into the giving process and suggest that firms can maximize the benefit of corporate philanthropy if they strategically consider the donation frequency and donation amount simultaneously. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To address the unsatisfactory performance of particle swarm optimization (PSO), a novel multi‐strategy self‐optimizing simulated annealing particle swarm optimization (SOSAPSO) method for permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) parameter identification is proposed. The full‐rank mathematical model and the fitness function are developed. In SOSAPSO, the velocity term of the PSO is simplified and dynamic opposition‐based learning (DOBL) is introduced in the inertia weight update process to avoid population monotonicity. Moreover, A Cauchy–Gaussian hybrid variation strategy based on similarity and density is devised to achieve self‐learning in deep regions. Meanwhile, the simulated annealing (SA) with a memory and tempering mechanism is introduced into SOSAPSO, and the greedy optimization algorithm (GOA) is used to enhance local fine‐exploitation capabilities when SOSAPSO evolution is stalled. The test results indicate the proposed method can effectively avoid local convergence problems and has better robustness and convergence speed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Gliomas are common and refractory primary tumors closely associated with the fine structures of the brain. Photothermal therapy (PTT) has recently shown promise as an effective treatment for gliomas. However, nonspecific accumulation of photothermal agents may affect adjacent normal brain structures, and the inflammatory response induced during PTT may result in an increased risk of brain tumor recurrence or metastasis. Here, the design and fabrication of an intelligent nanomachine is reported based on Gd2O3@Ir/TMB‐RVG29 (G@IT‐R) hybrid nanomaterials. These nanomaterials enable tumor‐specific PTT and eliminate inflammation to protect normal brain tissue. The mechanism involves the rabies virus glycopeptide‐29 peptide (RVG29) passing through the blood–brain barrier (BBB) and targeting gliomas. In the tumor microenvironment, Ir nanozymes can act as logic control systems to trigger chromogenic reaction amplification of 3,3′,5,5′‐tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) for tumor‐specific PTT, whereas in normal brain tissues, they scavenge reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated by poor therapy and function as protective agents. Autophagy inhibition of Gd2O3 enables excellent photothermal therapeutic effects on orthotopic gliomas and protection against inflammation in normal cells. The results of this study may prove useful in developing highly efficient nanomedicines for glioma treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background/purposes: Magnetic navigation capsule endoscopy (MNCE) is considered to be an important means to realize the controllable and precise examination of capsule endoscopy (CE) in the unstructured gastrointestinal (GI) tract. For the current magnetic navigation system (MNS), due to the limitation of workspace, driving force, and control method of the CE, only clinical application in the stomach has been realized, whereas the examination of other parts of the GI tract is still in the experimental stage. More preclinical studies are needed to achieve the multisite examination of the GI tract. Methods: Based on the MNS (Supiee) developed in the laboratory, an X‐ray imaging system with magnetic shielding and a commercial CE are integrated to form the MNCE system. Then, in vivo GI tract experiments with a porcine model are performed to verify the clinical feasibility and safety of this system. Moreover, the effects of different control modes on the efficiency and effect of GI tract examination are studied. Results: Animal experiments demonstrate that with the MNCE system, it is convenient to achieve steering control in any direction and multiple reciprocating movements of CE in the GI tract. Benefiting from the flexibility of the three basic control modes, the achieved swing movement pattern of CE can effectively reduce the inspection time. It is demonstrated that the esophageal examination time can be reduced from 13.2 to 9.2 min with a maximum movement speed of 5 mm/s. Conclusion: In this paper, the feasibility, safety, and efficacy of the MNCE system for a one‐stop examination of the in vivo GI tract (esophagus, stomach, and colorectum) is first demonstrated. In addition, complex movement patterns of CE such as the swinging are proved to effectively improve examination efficiency and disease detection rates. This study is crucial for the clinical application of the MNCE system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cell cycle arrest, one of the main characteristics of cellular senescence, has been described as a crucial barrier that needs to be bypassed for cancer progression. Typically, cellular senescence can be induced by multiple stresses including telomere shortening, oncogenic activation as well as therapy treatment, and contributes to the inhibition of epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT), tumor suppression or progression depending on the senescence‐associated secretory phenotype (SASP) components. However, the mechanisms underlying cancer cell senescence remain partially understood. Here, according to METABRIC database, we identified that patients with senescent‐like breast tumors show better short‐term survival, lower tendency of neoplasm histological grades, lower tumor stages, and negative status of estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR) compared with non‐senescent ones. Interestingly, Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) analysis identified insulin signaling was significantly repressed in senescent breast tumors. Further verification in cultured breast cancer cells indicated that phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase 2 (PCK2) was significantly inhibited after therapy treatment. In addition, knockdown of PCK2 induced a senescent phenotype of breast cancer cells. Moreover, comparing with the non‐senescent group, the senescent breast cancers displayed lower EMT capacity both in patients and breast cancer cell lines after knocking down PCK2. In conclusion, we described for the first time that low expression level of PCK2 may contribute to better prognosis via triggering senescent phenotype and thereby inhibiting EMT capacity in breast cancers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Summary: In order to find the potential functional components in sturgeon protein, the protein fractions and functional properties of sturgeon proteins (SP) prepared by two methods were investigated, including pH‐shift and subcritical dimethyl ether extraction (SDEE). In the case of the former method, four different experimental conditions were followed. The SP prepared by alkali‐aided pH‐shift had the highest salt‐soluble protein content as well as the lowest water‐soluble protein content, while the highest water‐soluble protein content was observed in SDEE‐produced SP due to a higher proportion of water‐soluble protein that was retained during SDEE. Besides, the significant variations in almost all detected myofibrillar and sarcoplasmic fractions were observed across protein samples, which was mainly due to the solubility of various proteins under different preparation conditions. Moreover, the SDEE‐produced SP possessed the greatest capacities in all the emulsification, foaming and gelation, followed by alkali‐aided pH‐shift and acid‐aided pH‐shift. In addition, the correlation analysis results indicated that enolase, aldolase, PM‐2, TI, NDK, parvalbumin, actin and tropomyosin might be the primary functional components, while PM‐1, CK, MLC3, degradation products and lipids had negative effects on its functional properties. Therefore, changes of the above components might be another important reason to explain how different methods affect the quality of protein, except for the degradation of protein. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Polyurethane grouting materials are increasingly used in the non‐excavation rehabilitation of roadbeds. The compressive strength of roadbed rehabilitation polyurethane (RHPU) grouting materials is the key to achieving the desirable repair effect, whereas the constitutive model of RHPU grouting materials is not yet understood. Here, the mechanical properties of RHPU grouting materials under compression were experimentally investigated, followed by establishing the hyperfoam constitutive model. The variation laws of the critical parameters in the model with density were function fitted, and then the constitutive model was simplified as an equation of density as the single independent variable. The comparisons between the theoretical and experimental mechanical behavior of RHPU grouting materials were discussed to illustrate the applicability of the hyperfoam constitutive model. Results show that with the increasing density, both the yield strength (σ1), elastic modulus (E1), and secant modulus (Es) increases exponentially, and the Poisson's ratio (v) increases logarithmically. The maximum increase in σ1, E1, Es, and v are about 750%, 720%, 940%, and 50%, respectively. Compared to the effects of density on the mechanical properties, the effect of loading rate is much smaller, and the side length has no effect. For RHPU samples with a density not exceeding 0.35 g/cm3, the hyperfoam model can well describe the uniaxial compression mechanical behavior, but for those whose density exceeds 0.35 g/cm3, the model can only describe the mechanical behavior before yielding. The theoretical yield strength of the RHPU samples obtained from the model is close to the experimental value (with differences of about 0.1%–14.4%). This study provides a base to evaluate the compressive strength of the practically used RHPU grouting materials based on the density. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Selecting subcellular organelles as therapeutic targets have drawn great interest for cancer treatment. Herein, novel nanotheranostic agents FeF2/Fe1–xS nanorods modified by polyethylene glycol (FFSNRs‐PEG) are first synthesized for tumor microenvironments (TME) responsive magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) guided synergetic cancer therapy focused on the mitochondria. In TME, the Fe2+ and F− ions released from FFSNRs‐PEG can make mitochondrial damage via the production of toxic ·OH through Fenton reaction and activation of caspase‐3, resulting in apoptosis and cell death. Taking advantage of the strong absorption of FFSNRs‐PEG in the second biowindow (1000–1700 nm), the photothermal effect boosts the efficiency of Fenton reaction to achieve synergetic chemodynamic therapy and photothermal therapy under near‐infrared light (1064 nm) irradiation. In addition, benefiting from the self‐oxidation effect, the FFSNRs‐PEG can serve as a novel TME‐responsive contrast agent for T2‐weighted MRI. Overall, this work highlights an innovative "weapon" to realize TME‐responsive tumor diagnosis and synergetic therapies focused on the mitochondria. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The design of efficient ocean wave sensors for monitoring the marine environment and revealing dynamic changes has been a major challenge. In this study, a self‐powered bionic coral wave sensor (BCWS) based on a triboelectric nanogenerator is proposed. The BCWS captures wave data, which are useful for marine engineering construction, marine resource development, and marine disaster warning. It is mainly composed of triboelectric perceiving units (60 mm in length, 10 mm in width, and 1.5 mm in thickness) encapsulated in coral tentacles, a fixation mechanism, a buoyancy tray, and a counterweight mechanism. With the help of its bio‐inspired structural design, the BCWS effectively improves the signal response time and sensitivity in the 3D perception of wave information. In particular, the coral tentacles stimulated by a load cause contact‐separation between fluorinated ethylene propylene and conductive ink electrodes, thereby generating electric signals. This analysis of the experimental data reveals that the BCWS perceives wave height, wave frequency, wave period, and wave direction with millimeter accuracy. To demonstrate the applicability and stability of the BCWS, several of its potential functions are illustrated, including controlling light emitting diodes, perceiving wave information in the ocean, and assisting overboard rescue. The results show that the BCWS provides an intelligent solution for modern marine monitoring. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: In prospective experimental studies of neck pain patients, it is difficult to determine whether responses to sham acupuncture differ from responses to real acupuncture due to the heterogeneous methodologies in control/sham interventions. Here we aim to compare the specific and nonspecific effects of electroacupuncture with four types of sham acupuncture. Methods: In this double‐blind, sham‐controlled study, we randomly assigned 175 patients with neck pain to receive 10 sessions of electroacupuncture, shallow puncture, nonacupoint deep puncture, nonacupoint shallow puncture, or nonpenetration acupuncture. We used the Northwick Park Neck Pain Questionnaire (NPQ) as our primary outcome, and Short‐form McGill Pain Questionnaire, visual analog scale (VAS), and Pain Threshold as secondary outcomes to measure the changes from baseline to a 3‐month follow up. Results: All groups, except nonacupoint shallow puncture, had significant improvement in all outcome measurements. Electroacupuncture only showed superior improvements than the shallow puncture, nonacupoint shallow puncture, and nonpenetration groups when compared using the NPQ and VAS scale (*p < 0.001). Interestingly, the nonacupoint shallow puncture produced even less placebo response than nonpenetration acupuncture. Conclusion: Our study demonstrates the high variability of placebo response among different types of sham controls depending on the depth of needle insertion and the puncture location. An important implication of our results is nonacupoint deep puncture produced similar analgesic effects as electroacupuncture. Our study may shed a new light on the predominant underlying mechanisms among different types of sham acupuncture controls, which can help with interpreting the effect of acupuncture in other studies. Trial registration: Chinese clinical trial registry (ChiCTR‐IOR‐15006886). Significance: This study compared the observed specific and nonspecific analgesia effect in four different types of sham acupuncture stimulation with neck pain patients, assessed by four outcomes. Although all of the sham controls produced significant reduction in neck pain, electroacupuncture had superior significant improvement. Importantly, placebo responses differed significantly between the sham controls and responses were inconsistent according to different outcome assessments. This study emphasizes the importance of taking into consideration which sham control and method of outcome measurement were used in a pain research study when evaluating its results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: African‐American (AA) has historically been associated with inferior graft survival after pancreas transplantation. However, with the improvement of immunosuppression and surgical technique, we hypothesized that the racial disparity has been neutralized. Methods: We analyzed data from the Scientific Registry of Transplant Recipients (1989–2018). Using Kaplan–Meier estimation and Cox proportional hazards regression, we examined the influence of race on pancreatic graft survival. Results: Before 2009, AA recipients had a higher risk of pancreatic graft failure after adjusting for confounding factors (hazard ratio [HR]: 1.16, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.08–1.24), but the risks for Hispanic and Asian recipients were both comparable to their Caucasian counterparts. However, the risk of pancreatic graft failure in AA recipients dropped to 1% and was no longer significant since 2009 (HR: 1.01, 95%CI: 0.88–1.16). Interestingly, donor race showed similar results. Furthermore, the concordance statistic of the complete pancreas donor risk index (including donor race) was 0.582, whereas the concordance did not change when donor race was eliminated from the model. Conclusions: AA and other races have shown similar pancreatic graft survival in the modern era. Furthermore, donor racial disparity also seems neutralized; thus, donor race should not be considered as an indicator of pancreatic donor quality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Summary: Dietary polyphenols, viz. naringenin and trans‐resveratrol, are widely consumed by the humans. Nevertheless, being oxidation prone and highly unstable, their utilisation in food systems has been considerably limited. Here, we developed a co‐delivery liposome system to improve the storage and antioxidative stability of naringenin and trans‐resveratrol. Mean particle diameter, polydispersity index and transmission electron microscopy, of single and co‐encapsulated liposomes containing polyphenols were evaluated. Higher encapsulation efficiency was noticed in co‐loaded liposomes (RNLIP; 86.89 ± 1.75%) than liposomes separately loaded with naringenin (NLIP; 77.72 ± 2.42%) and trans‐resveratrol (RLIP; 61.98 ± 1.68%), and the effect was in an additive fashion. Co‐loaded liposomes showed the stronger environmental stability, including pH, temperature and sodium chloride than single encapsulation. In addition, co‐encapsulated liposomes exhibited higher antioxidant activity, which was evaluated by DPPH radical‐scavenging activity, ferric reducing power and lipid peroxidation inhibition ability. Therefore, these results confirmed that the strategy of co‐encapsulated trans‐resveratrol (stilbene) and naringenin (flavanone) liposome could maximise polyphenols' application in food systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

TiAl alloys undergo cyclic temperature changes during use, the process of which can be simulated by the thermal shock test. A systematic investigation of the thermal shock behavior of four Mo‐containing TiAl alloys is conducted. The increase in Mo content from 1.0% to 4.0% causes the gradual decrease in the volume fraction of γ/α2 lamellar colony, while the volume fraction of equiaxed γ and βo phases gradually increases. At the same time, the thermal shock resistance of the TiAl alloys decreases as the Mo content increases. After thermal shock, cracks often occur within the lamellae and extend in a zigzag manner for TiAl−1.0Mo and TiAl−1.5Mo alloys. Their thermal shock resistance is enhanced by crack deflection, bridging, and microcrack shielding. For TiAl−2.0Mo and TiAl−4.0Mo alloys, cracks occur at the grain boundaries or within the γ phase and extend straight, with the result that these two alloys have worse thermal shock resistance than the other two alloys due to the limited effect of microcrack shielding. In addition, the microstructure stability of TiAl alloys after thermal shock is discussed, and there is a critical value of Mo content between 3.13% and 5.67%, which inhibits the βo → ω phase transition. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Summary: Clean label foods have gained a lot of attention because it satisfies consumers' interest in minimally processed foods with minimal ingredients and no artificial additives. The growing concern about food quality has stimulated the integration of ice slurry technology in food processing. An ice slurry is a two‐phase system colding medium composed of ice crystals, liquid water and some additives. Ice slurry with ice fraction of 5%–30% was 5–6 times than that of conventional chilled water under the same conditions. The appearance of the food is less likely to be damaged by the ice slurry while also being able to cool down quickly compared to traditional ice preservation methods. It further extends the shelf life of food products. The purpose of this review is to provide an understanding and practical suggestions for the application of ice slurry in the food industry. The methods of producing ice slurry and their advantages and disadvantages are reviewed, and the current applications and heat and mass transfer characteristics of ice slurry in the food industry are also discussed. Finally, the current challenges and prospects for ice slurry production and application were pointed out. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Summary: In this work, pectin oligosaccharide (POS) was prepared by an enzymatic method and was used to protect pumpkin puree during frozen storage. The changes in structure and properties of the pumpkin puree during frozen storage were investigated. The results showed that the addition of POS can minimise changes in syneresis rate, total soluble solids, particle size and zeta potential of pumpkin puree during frozen storage. The results of Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and Atomic Force Microscope (AFM) showed that the addition of POS significantly decreased the cavities produced by sublimation of ice crystals and enhanced the continuity of the internal structure of pumpkin puree. Confocal Laser Scanning Microscope (CLSM) results showed that the macromolecules in the quick‐frozen pumpkin puree tended to be uniformly distributed during frozen storage with POS added compared with the control sample. In addition, texture was well protected, which allowed the pumpkin puree to maintain a good taste. POS was shown to serve as an antifreeze agent to protect the internal structure of the pumpkin puree during freezing. The optimum concentration to achieve the best anti‐freeze effect was 2% POS, which is similar with that of 2% trehalose. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Freeze‐induced changes including protein denaturation, ice crystals formation and lipid oxidation are mainly responsible for the quality deterioration persistent in aquatic foods. Here, for the first time, the cryoprotectants with trifunctional properties have been suggested for aquatic food cryopreservation and have exhibited exceptional cryoprotective abilities. In this study, in‐depth discussion of protein denaturation, ice crystal formation and lipid oxidation is added in order to understand their mechanism, emphasizing on the necessity and use of trifunctional cryoprotectants in aquatic foods during frozen storage. Trifunctional cryoprotectants have strong abilities to prevent the formation of malondihaldehyde and aldehydes resulting from lipid oxidation, which further interact with proteins, subsequently lead to protein denaturation. Besides these all cryoprotective properties, ice crystal binding abilities distinguish trifunctional cryoprotectants from conventional cryoprotectants. Moreover, this study added with recent advances in cryoprotectants including antifreeze proteins and protein hydrolysates with their role in retarded freeze‐induced changes. This study concluded that trifunctional cryoprotectants are effective owing to their hydrophilic amino acid chains, radical scavenging, water entrapping abilities, as well as the hydroxyl groups, which interact at the functional sites of protein molecules. Furthermore, polysaccharides and protein hydrolysates are the potential ingredients with trifunctional cryoproperties. However, more scientific research is required for material optimization to attain the desired level of cryoprotection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: Myosin (Ms) is abundant in fish meat, but it has limited application in the food industry because of its low solubility and thermal stability. Our previous reports found that these functional properties of Ms can be significantly improved after glycation with konjac oligo‐glucomannan (KOG). However, the effects of phosphorylated KOG (PKOG) on physicochemical, structural and functional properties of silver carp Ms are still unknown. RESULTS: This study characterized the silver carp Ms protein glycated with PKOG at 50 °C and 75% relative humidity for 48 h. As degree of phosphorylation increased, free amino content increased, whereas degree of grafting decreased. Meanwhile, isoelectric point (pI) reduced, however, PKOGs showed no differences in pI. Sodium dodecyl sulfate–polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis analysis suggested the formation of glycoconjugates, and scanning electron microscopy revealed thinner flakes and uneven appearance of glycoconjugates. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy indicated that the amide I, II and III bands of Ms were changed by the glycation. Ms became highly soluble in 0.5 mol L−1 NaCl with increased phosphate addition in PKOGs. Thermal stability of Ms was effectively improved when heated at 80 °C for 60 min. CONCLUSION: Glycation with appropriate PKOG might be a promising method for Ms modification because of the resulting improvement in solubility and thermal stability. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Lithium metal anodes are promising for application in new‐type secondary batteries. Unfortunately, low cycle life and safety peril induced by uncontrollable dendrites growth and weak solid electrolyte interface (SEI) have blocked their utilization. In this work, an interlamellar lithium‐ion conductor of lithium‐montmorillonite (Li‐MMT) is applied to enhance the SEI properties, inhibit dendrites‐germination, and thus significantly enhance electrochemical performance. Such a well‐designed Li‐MMT SEI not only possesses inherent fast lithium‐ion channels, but also works as a reservoir to supply adequate lithium‐ions in the interlaminations and periphery of Li‐MMT nanosheets, offering fast lithium‐ion transfer in interlaminations and sheet‐to‐sheet. Furthermore, the strong trend of lithium‐ion absorption of Li‐MMT is confirmed by density functional theory calculations and stable lithium deposition under Li‐MMT SEI layer at 10 mA cm−2 is verified via finite element modeling. As a result, a steady lithium deposition process without dendrites is achieved. Coulombic efficiency of the half‐cell accomplishes a mean value of 99.1% over 400 cycles at 1 mA cm−2, while Li‐LiFePO4 full cells show a stable capacity up to 120 mAh g−1 and steady circulation over 400 loops at 1C. This work offers a novel strategy to design a high‐performance SEI layer and suppress dendrite growth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Increasing evidence indicates that c‐mesenchymal‐epithelial transition factor (cMET) plays an important role in the malignant progression of colorectal cancer (CRC). However, the underlying mechanism is not fully understood. As a metastasis suppressor, raf kinase inhibitory protein (RKIP) loss has been reported in many cancer types. In this study, the expression levels of cMET and RKIP in CRC tissues and cell lines were determined, and their crosstalk and potential biological effects were explored in vitro and in vivo. Our results showed that cMET was inversely correlated with RKIP. Both cMET upregulation and RKIP downregulation indicated poor clinical outcomes. Moreover, the MAPK/ERK signaling pathway was implicated in the regulation of cMET and RKIP. Overexpression of cMET promoted tumor cell epithelial‐mesenchymal transition, invasion, migration, and chemoresistance, whereas the effects could be efficiently inhibited by increased RKIP. Notably, small hairpin RNA‐mediated cMET knockdown dramatically suppressed cell proliferation, although no RKIP‐induced influence on cell growth was observed in CRC. Altogether, cMET overexpression may contribute to tumor progression by inhibiting the antioncogene RKIP, providing preclinical justification for targeting RKIP to treat cMET‐induced metastasis of CRC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]