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SnO2 is a widely used electron‐transporting layer (ETL) in perovskite solar cells. Despite the high compatibility with the perovskite absorber layers, the presence of traps at the perovskite|SnO2 interface results in performance losses; hence, their modification to improve the performance and stability of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) is therefore important. Herein, the SnO2 ETL is enhanced by incorporating a bifunctional aromatic amino fluorine molecule into the SnO2 precursor solution. The fluorine molecule is found to partially substitute the Sn and alter the energy levels while the aniline group aids in regulating the nucleation/growth rate of the perovskite crystalline films. Herein, a hole transporting material‐free carbon‐based PSCs (CPSCs) is fabricated. It is found that perovskite absorber layers deposited on these modified SnO2 hybrid layers have higher optoelectronic quality, resulting in enhanced photovoltaic performance, device stability, and reduced hysteresis in CPSCs. Devices made with the modified hybrid SnO2 layers exhibit power conversion efficiencies of 15.6% significantly better than unmodified SnO2 with 13.5%. CPSCs with these modified SnO2 films also exhibit remarkable retention of 88.7% of their initial PCE for a shelf‐life period (ISOS‐D1I) exceeding 1200 h. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Photovoltaics will play a key role in future energy systems, but their full potential may not be realized until their life cycles are optimized for circularity and overall sustainability. Methods that quantify flows of compound and minor element mixtures, rather than non‐mixed elemental flows, are needed to prospectively analyze and predict inventory and performance for complex technology life cycles. This study utilizes process simulation to resolve the mass and energy balances needed to rigorously analyze these complexities in circular systems. Using physics‐based prospective inventory data, we simultaneously assess the environmental and techno‐economic performance of three photovoltaic life cycles and predict the effects of circularity on resource efficiency, carbon footprint, and levelized cost of electricity. One inventory dataset is generated per life cycle to ensure alignment between assessments and to identify trade‐offs between environmental and techno‐economic performance with respect to circularity, so linking circularity and sustainability. The linked material and energy resource and techno‐economic models allow for the impacts of carbon taxation and the moderating effects of circularity to be explored. In addition to the clear environmental benefits of increased circularity, we find that it could dampen the cost impact of taxation. While confirming that perovskite‐based modules, single junction or in tandem with silicon, clearly outperform the silicon market standard both techno‐economically and environmentally, we show that maximum circularity does not automatically deliver the most sustainable outcome. The approach enables assessment of the combined impacts of specific technological, commercial, and policy choices made by different actors along the photovoltaic value chain. This article met the requirements for a gold–gold JIE data openness badge described at http://jie.click/badges. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Thin‐film perovskite light‐emitting diodes have gained increasing attention in the last 6 years. With the possibility to process the emitting layer from solution, the way for 1D morphology of the semiconductor for flexible devices is paved. Herein, for the first time single‐step fabrication of CsPbBr3@PVP nanofibers in a customized electrospinning process performed under ambient conditions from a water‐based precursor solution is reported. The water‐based approach allows the incorporation of a conductive polymer into the compound fiber by blending the perovskite precursor ink with commercially available PEDOT:PSS dispersion. The results demonstrate electrospun fiber mats which are stable at ambient conditions for at least 5 months and can be utilized in electroluminescence devices. Photoluminescence studies on the perovskite fibers reveal a blueshift of the emission peak compared to thin films possibly due to the generation of nanocrystals of ≈12 nm by in situ nanocrystal pinning as confirmed by transmission electron microscopy. A proof‐of‐concept electrically pumped light‐emitting device is built with the obtained fiber mat. The perovskite nanofibers offer promising applications in flexible and stretchable optoelectronics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Inkjet printing (IJP) has evolved over the past 30 years into a reliable, versatile, and cost‐effective industrial production technology in many areas from graphics to printed electronic applications. Intensive research efforts have led to the successful development of functional electronic inks to realize printed circuit boards, sensors, lighting, actuators, energy storage, and power generation devices. Recently, a promising solution‐processable material class has entered the stage: metal halide perovskites (MHPs). Within just 10 years of research, the efficiency of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) on a laboratory scale increased to over 25%. Despite the complex nature of MHPs, significant progress has also been made in controlling film formation in terms of ink development, substrate wetting behavior, and crystallization processes of inkjet‐printed MHPs. This results in highly efficient inkjet‐printed PSCs with a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of almost 21%, paving the way for cost‐effective and highly efficient thin‐film solar cell technology. In addition, the excellent optoelectronic properties of inkjet‐printed MHPs achieve remarkable results in photodetectors, X‐ray detectors, and illumination applications. Herein, a comprehensive overview of the state‐of‐the‐art and recent advances in the production of inkjet‐printed MHPs for highly efficient and innovative optoelectronic devices is provided. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Perovskite absorber layers for thin-film solar cells can be fabricated by a variety of methods including solution- and vacuum-based methods. Solution-processed perovskite thin-films prepared by two-step methods often suffer from small grains and thus reduced optoelectronic performance. In this work, a simple and universal way to control the crystallization dynamics of perovskite (CH3NH3PbI3) layers prepared by thermal evaporation of lead iodide and a subsequent solution-based conversion in methylammonium iodide solution is presented. By adding small concentrations of the non-toxic additive hypophosphorous acid (HPA) in the second fabrication step, a facile way to maintain improved morphology and high quality perovskite films with large crystal size and low number of pin-holes is demonstrated. Therefore, this approach provides an additional handle to influence the structural properties of perovskite films. In this study, the improved morphology results in an overall increase in power conversion efficiency from 5.1% to 8.0%. The additive-assisted control of crystallization dynamics in perovskite layers is shown to be suitable both for small area deposition techniques, like spin-coating, as well as large scale deposition techniques, such as inkjet printing. Moreover, it is validated that the additive improves the crystallization on a large variety of substrate materials as well as in ambient and inert process environments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]