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Summary: Endosperm is the main storage organ in cereal grain and determines grain yield and quality. The molecular mechanisms of heat shock proteins in regulating starch biosynthesis and endosperm development remain obscure.Here, we report a rice floury endosperm mutant flo24 that develops abnormal starch grains in the central starchy endosperm cells. Map‐based cloning and complementation test showed that FLO24 encodes a heat shock protein HSP101, which is localized in plastids. The mutated protein FLO24T296I dramatically lost its ability to hydrolyze ATP and to rescue the thermotolerance defects of the yeast hsp104 mutant.The flo24 mutant develops more severe floury endosperm when grown under high‐temperature conditions than normal conditions. And the FLO24 protein was dramatically induced at high temperature. FLO24 physically interacts with several key enzymes required for starch biosynthesis, including AGPL1, AGPL3 and PHO1. Combined biochemical and genetic evidence suggests that FLO24 acts cooperatively with HSP70cp‐2 to regulate starch biosynthesis and endosperm development in rice.Our results reveal that FLO24 acts as an important regulator of endosperm development, which might function in maintaining the activities of enzymes involved in starch biosynthesis in rice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fluorogenic dyes with high brightness, large turn‐on ratios, excellent photostability, favorable specificity, low cytotoxicity, and high membrane permeability are essential for high‐resolution fluorescence imaging in live cells. In this study, we endowed these desirable properties to a rhodamine derivative by simply replacing the N, N‐diethyl group with a pyrrole substituent. The resulting dye, Rh‐NH, exhibited doubled Stokes shifts (54 nm) and a red‐shift of more than 50 nm in fluorescence spectra compared to Rhodamine B. Rh‐NH preferentially exists in a non‐emissive but highly permeable spirolactone form. Upon binding to lysosomes, the collective effects of low pH, low polarity, and high viscosity endow Rh‐NH with significant fluorescence turn‐on, making it a suitable candidate for wash‐free, high‐contrast lysosome tracking. Consequently, Rh‐NH enabled us to successfully explore stimulated emission depletion (STED) super‐resolution imaging of lysosome dynamics, as well as fluorescence lifetime imaging of lysosomes in live cells. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Bright and colorful fluorescent polymers are ideal materials for a variety of applications. Although polymers could be made fluorescent by physical doping or chemical binding of fluorescent units, it is a great challenge to get colorful and highly emissive polymers with a single fluorophore. Here the development of a general and facile method to synthesize ultrabright and colorful polymers using a single twisted intramolecular charge transfer (TICT) probe is reported. By incorporating polymerizable, highly fluorescent, and environmental sensitive TICT probe, a series of colorful acrylic polymers (emission from 481 to 543 nm) with almost 100% fluorescence quantum yields are prepared. Like the solvatochromic effect, functional groups within side chains of acrylic polymers (including alkyl chain, tetrahydrofurfuryl group, and hydroxyl group) provide varied environmental polarity for the incorporated fluorophore, resulting in a series of colorful polymeric materials. Benefiting from the excellent photophysical properties, the polymers show great potential in encryption, cultural relics protection, white light‐emitting diode bulb making, and fingerprint identification. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The pursuit of sensitive fluorescent chromophores with integrated aggregation‐induced emission (AIE) and twisted intramolecular charge transfer (TICT) properties are attractive due to the tunable emission properties and increased intensity. However, this type of chromophore has yet to be exemplified mechanistically. In this study, a strategy is presented for manipulating the formation of TICT and the AIE effect through molecular engineering. The feasibility of TICT properties is validated by theoretical calculations and ultrafast spectroscopies. By precisely adjusting the hydrophobicity of the donor group, the fluorescence is significantly enhanced through the addition of poor solvent. These findings not only provide mechanistic elucidation for chromophores exhibiting integrated TICT and AIE properties in various environmental conditions but also underscore the critical factors for the systematic design of chromophores with high tunability and strong emissions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pentatricopeptide repeat (PPR) proteins function in post‐transcriptional regulation of organellar gene expression. Although several PPR proteins are known to function in chloroplast development in rice (Oryza sativa), the detailed molecular functions of many PPR proteins remain unclear. Here, we characterized a rice young leaf white stripe (ylws) mutant, which has defective chloroplast development during early seedling growth. Map‐based cloning revealed that YLWS encodes a novel P‐type chloroplast‐targeted PPR protein with 11 PPR motifs. Further expression analyses showed that many nuclear‐ and plastid‐encoded genes in the ylws mutant were significantly changed at the RNA and protein levels. The ylws mutant was impaired in chloroplast ribosome biogenesis and chloroplast development under low‐temperature conditions. The ylws mutation causes defects in the splicing of atpF, ndhA, rpl2, and rps12, and editing of ndhA, ndhB, and rps14 transcripts. YLWS directly binds to specific sites in the atpF, ndhA, and rpl2 pre‐mRNAs. Our results suggest that YLWS participates in chloroplast RNA group II intron splicing and plays an important role in chloroplast development during early leaf development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: To assess the efficacy of topical sialogogue spray containing malic acid 1% for treating xerostomia. Methods: We searched PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, ClinicalTrials.gov and Web of Science databases. Literature search, screening, study selection, data collection, data extraction and assessment of bias risk were independently conducted by two reviewers. The study appraisal was performed by Cochrane Collaboration's tool for assessing bias risk. The systematic review registration number was PROSPERO‐CRD42021241322. All statistical analyses were performed using Review Manager version 5.4. Results: Five original articles involving 244 patients with xerostomia who received topical sialogogue spray (malic acid 1%) or placebo for two weeks were included in this review. Based on the questionnaire survey, the topical sialogogue spray (malic acid 1%) improved the symptoms of dry mouth significantly better than the placebo, which was reflected in the Dry Mouth Questionnaire (DMQ), Xerostomia Inventory (XI) and Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) scores. Regarding the increase in unstimulated and stimulated saliva flow rates, the intervention group was also better than the placebo group after a two‐week course of treatment. Conclusions: Although the included studies are limited, our results show that topical sialogogue spray (malic acid 1%) is an effective method for the treatment of xerostomia. Additional randomised controlled trials in the future are needed to provide high‐quality evidence of this therapy and to improve clinical practice guidelines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background/Aim: There are no epidemiological reports focused on the oral and maxillofacial surgery emergency department in the West China Hospital of Stomatology. The aim of this study was to analyse the epidemiological characteristics of emergency patients admitted for Trauma and Plastic Surgery Department of the West China Hospital of Stomatology from 2016–2019. Materials and Methods: In this retrospective study, 5220 patients with complete medical records were evaluated. The following data were collected: gender, age, etiology, disease type distribution, anatomic injury site and treatment modality. Results: There were 3046 males and 2174 females (ratio 1.40:1), with an average age of 16.2 years. The largest group was children aged between 3 and 6 years old (28.3%). Maxillofacial injuries were the most common condition (87.3%), which mostly occurred on the forehead (29.7%), followed by the lips (27.8%). A fall was the leading cause of injury (59.9%), especially in patients younger than 6 years old. There were 327 cases of maxillofacial space infections (MSI), and the mandibular third molars were the most common tooth associated with odontogenic infections (36.2%). Univariable analysis identified that multiple‐space infection, visit time and systemic conditions were the risk factors for being admitted to the hospital for treatment. There were 116 patients (2.2%) with bleeding as the main complaint, and most of the maxillofacial bleeding patients could be stopped by compression (52.6%). Conclusion: Males and children aged younger than 6 years were the highest risk populations. Trauma accounted for the majority of emergency patients in maxillofacial surgery. Most maxillofacial injuries involved the forehead and were mainly caused by accidental falls. The proportion of MSI was not high, but serious cases may be life‐threatening. The causes of bleeding were diverse, and the bleeding was easy to control. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Elaborately designed π‐stacked molecular aggregates are significant for modulation of photophysical properties of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). Herein, a double hydrogen‐bonds trussed di(pyridyl)pyrrole‐perylene bisimide (HDPP‐PBI) was designed and its dimerization behavior was studied. HDPP‐PBI tends to form a quadruple PBI stack with a dimerization constant of ∼5.56×106 M−1. The dimerization was ascribed to synergistic intramolecular double hydrogen‐bonds formation and intermolecular π‐π stacking. Addition of CF3COOH, a hydrogen bond blocker, promotes the dimer to monomer transition. Accordingly, two distinct fluorescent films were prepared by drop‐casting of the dimerized or the monomeric HDPP‐PBI onto a substrate surface. Interestingly, the less‐emissive PBI quadruple stack‐based film showed a turn on response to acetone vapor, while the highly emissive HDPP‐PBI‐based film exhibited fluorescence quenching upon exposure to triethylamine vapor. We believe that the discovered synergistic effect in the PBI aggregates would enlighten the design of new PAHs aggregates with defined structures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hypoxia‐inducible factors (HIFs) are core regulators of the hypoxia response. HIF signaling is activated in the local physiological and pathological hypoxic environment, acting on downstream target genes to synthesize the corresponding proteins and regulate the hypoxic stress response. HIFs belong to the hypoxia‐activated transcription family and contain two heterodimeric transcription factors, HIF‐α and HIF‐β. Under hypoxia, the dimer formed by HIF‐α binding to HIF‐β translocates into the nucleus and binds to the hypoxia response element (HRE) to induce transcription of a series of genes. HIF‐1α plays an important role in innate bone development and acquired bone regeneration. HIF‐1α promotes bone regeneration mainly through the following two pathways: (1) By regulating angiogenesis‐osteoblast coupling to promote bone regeneration; and (2) by inducing metabolic reprogramming in osteoblasts, promoting cellular anaerobic glycolysis, ensuring the energy supply of osteoblasts under hypoxic conditions, and further promoting bone regeneration and repair. This article reviews recent basic research on HIF‐1α and its role in promoting osteogenesis, discusses the possible molecular mechanisms, introduces the hypoxia‐independent role of HIF‐1α and reviews the application prospects of HIF‐1α in tissue engineering. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Grain size is a key agronomic trait that determines the yield in plants. Regulation of grain size by brassinosteroids (BRs) in rice has been widely reported. However, the relationship between the BR signaling pathway and grain size still requires further study. Here, we isolated a rice mutant, named small grain2 (sg2), which displayed smaller grain and a semi‐dwarf phenotype. The decreased grain size was caused by repressed cell expansion in spikelet hulls of the sg2 mutant. Using map‐based cloning combined with a MutMap approach, we cloned SG2, which encodes a plant‐specific protein with a ribonuclease H‐like domain. SG2 is a positive regulator downstream of GLYCOGEN SYNTHASE KINASE2 (GSK2) in response to BR signaling, and its mutation causes insensitivity to exogenous BR treatment. Genetical and biochemical analysis showed that GSK2 interacts with and phosphorylates SG2. We further found that BRs enhance the accumulation of SG2 in the nucleus, and subcellular distribution of SG2 is regulated by GSK2 kinase activity. In addition, Oryza sativa OVATE family protein 19 (OsOFP19), a negative regulator of grain shape, interacts with SG2 and plays an antagonistic role with SG2 in controlling gene expression and grain size. Our results indicated that SG2 is a new component of GSK2‐related BR signaling response and regulates grain size by interacting with OsOFP19. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although doping can induce room‐temperature phosphorescence (RTP) in heavy‐atom free organic systems, it is often challenging to match the host and guest components to achieve efficient intersystem crossing for activating RTP. In this work, we developed a simple descriptor ΔE to predict host molecules for matching the guest RTP emitters, based on the intersystem crossing via higher excited states (ISCHES) mechanism. This descriptor successfully predicted five commercially available host components to pair with naphthalimide (NA) and naphtho[2,3‐c]furan‐1,3‐dione (2,3‐NA) emitters with a high accuracy of 83 %. The yielded pairs exhibited bright yellow and green RTP with the quantum efficiency up to 0.4 and lifetime up to 1.67 s, respectively. Using these RTP pairs, we successfully achieved multi‐layer message encryption. The ΔE descriptor could provide an efficient way for developing doping‐induced RTP materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Environmentally sensitive fluorescent probes (including AIEgens) play pivotal roles in numerous biological studies. Many of these functional materials are developed based on the twisted intramolecular charge transfer (TICT) mechanism. However, the TICT tendency of dialkylated amino groups in biocompatible main‐stream fluorophores (i.e., coumarins and rhodamines) is weak, limiting their sensitivities. Herein, by replacing dialkylated amino donors with an N‐methylpyrrole group to enhance TICT, a simple and general method to engineer highly environmentally sensitive fluorescent probes is reported. This method yields a platter of colorful fluorescent probes that demonstrates outstanding polarity and viscosity sensitivity with large turn‐on ratios (up to 191 times for polarity and 14 times for viscosity), as well as distinct aggregation‐induced emission (AIE) characteristics. The utilities of these probes in both wash‐free bioimaging and protein detections are also successfully demonstrated. It is expected that this molecular design strategy will inspire the creation of many environmentally sensitive probes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Main observation and conclusion: Film‐based fluorescent sensors have been adapted into portable devices for the vapor phase detection. The satisfactory sensing performance (e.g., sensitivity, selectivity, reusability) largely benefits from fluorophores. Here we report a new nonplanar perylene monoimide derivative (PMI‐CB) and demonstrate its application in a miniaturized film‐based fluorescent sensor for BTX (i.e., benzene, toluene, xylene) detection. The fluorophore of PMI‐CB is obtained through incorporating a three‐dimensional o‐carborane with the perylene monoimide (PMI). Compared to a planar PMI derivative (PMIA), the nonplanar PMI‐CB with reduced intermolecular aggregation exhibits enhanced fluorescence intensities in both solvents and film state. The PMI‐CB film exhibited fluorescence enhancements for BTX, while fluorescence quenching for commonly interfering compounds like ethanol, triethylamine, and acetone. Such opposite response behavior endows the PMI‐CB‐based sensor with the ability for selective detection of BTX. Importantly, our PMI‐CB film is not sensitive to water. The sensitivity test shows that the PMI‐CB film can detect benzene vapor at a concentration of as low as 3.3 mg/m3 without any preconcentration procedures, and exhibits a good linear relationship from 3.3 to 425.9 mg/m3. On the basis of this work, a portable detector with high selectivity, sensitivity, reusability, and low power consumption can be adapted for the on‐site BTX detection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Methanol is extremely toxic to humans if ingested or if vapors are inhaled. Facile and reliable detection of methanol is an efficient way to reduce the risk of methanol poisoning. A great challenge in methanol detection lies in distinguishing methanol under high ethanol background. In this work, a nanofilm‐based fluorescent sensor for direct distinguishing methanol from pure ethanol or liquor is presented, where no sample pretreatment or sensor array is needed. The flexible, uniform, and amorphous nanofilm is synthesized via dynamic covalent binding‐driven self‐assembly of BTN and CB‐CHO at air/DMSO interface. The nanofilm shows a large Stokes shift (≈175 nm) and excellent photostability. Different from sensing films based on drip‐permeance or drop cast of organic fluorophores, sensing performance of the nanofilm shows little dependence on substrate. With the film, an optical sensor for methanol vapor detection is built and it can distinguish methanol not only from the mixture of methanol and ethanol (with ethanol content up to 90%), but also from the liquor (45% vol). The sensor shows excellent reusability and high selectivity over many commonly used organic solvent vapors. Moreover, the sensor can be used to discriminate industrial alcohol from medical alcohol and detect methanol gas leak. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The tumor microenvironment (TME), which includes acidic and hypoxic conditions, severely impedes the therapeutic efficacy of antitumor agents. Herein, MnO2‐loaded, bovine serum albumin, and PEG co‐modified mesoporous CaSiO3 nanoparticles (CaM‐PB NPs) are developed as a nanoplatform with sequential theranostic functions for the engineering of TME. The MnO2 NPs generate O2 in situ by reacting with endogenous H2O2, relieving the hypoxic state of the TME that further modulates the cancer cell cycle status to S phase, which improves the potency of co‐loaded S phase‐sensitive chemotherapeutic drugs. After the hypoxia relief, CaM‐PB can sustainably release drugs due to the enlarged pores of mesoporous CaSiO3 in the acidic TME, preventing the drug pre‐leakage into the blood circulation and insufficient drug accumulation at tumor sites. Moreover, the Mn2+ released from the MnO2 NPs at tumor sites can potentially serve as a diagnostic agent, enabling the identification of tumor regions by T1‐weighted magnetic resonance imaging during therapy. In vivo pharmacodynamics results demonstrate that these synergetic effects caused by CaM‐PB NPs significantly contribute to the inhibition of tumor progression. Therefore, the CaM‐PB NPs with sequential theranostic functions are a promising system for effective cancer therapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The importance of water cannot be overstated. It is the most important natural resource for our survival and development. The development of suitable materials for efficient water purification will provide a critical contribution for sustainable water use. In this context, a gel–emulsion‐templated synthesis of a polymeric aerogel has been developed for water treatment. Owing to its hydrophobic nature, the aerogel shows high sorption (nearly 20 times its weight) for organic liquids, such as toluene, phenol, and nitrobenzene, and can be used to remove them from water. The aerogel shows low thermal conductivity (0.032 W m−1 K−1) and excellent light absorption efficiency (>92 %) after carbonization, which provides the possibility for the construction of an interfacial solar vapor generation system. The as‐prepared materials are used to develop a two‐step approach to remove both organic and inorganic contaminants (salts) from water. Importantly, the aerogel shows excellent reusability and high efficiency both for oil sorption and for solar vapor generation. Moreover, the low cost and easy scale‐up of the preparation process lay a solid foundation for practical application. It is anticipated that the prepared aerogels would contribute not only to water purification but also to other related areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A reliable and sensitive detection of biogenic amines (BAs) is essential to ensure food safety and maintain public health. In this study, two naphthyl end‐capped terthiophene derivatives, namely, 5‐(naphthalen‐1‐yl)‐2,2′:5′,2′′‐terthiophene (NA‐3T) and 5,5′′‐di(naphthalen‐1‐yl)‐2,2′:5′,2′′‐terthiophene (NA‐3T‐NA), were employed to develop chemiresistive sensors for detecting gaseous BAs. In contrast to NA‐3T, the NA‐3T‐NA‐based sensor showed a higher sensitivity for trimethylamine (TMA) with an experimental detection limit lower than 22 ppm, and for aromatic BAs, including dopamine, histamine, tryptamine, and tyramine. Additionally, the recovery time for TMA was found to be shorter than 23 s. In addition, both sensors were successfully used for an in situ evaluation of meat freshness by monitoring the concentration of relevant volatile BAs. The difference in the sensing performances of the two chemiresistive sensors was tentatively ascribed to different packing structures of the derivatives and the adlayer structures of the films developed with the compounds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the increasing pervasiveness of today's digital society, mobile devices are changing the face of education. Students can interact with mobile devices in context‐aware environment. This paper presents a mobile application based on expert system (Plant‐E) for students to acquire knowledge about plant classification by answering decision‐making questions. In order to study effectiveness of Plant‐E and cognitive load of students who experience different kinds of interaction in learning process, another mobile application (Plant‐G) only providing information pages of plants was developed. A quasi‐experiment was conducted with three classes of 137 seventh graders. The three classes, Class A with 46 students using Plant‐E in campus, Class B with 44 students using Plant‐G in campus, and Class C with 47 students using Plant‐G in a traditional classroom, constitute three groups with different interaction complexity. The research conducted pretest, posttest, and delayed test to evaluate learning performance of students in three classes and used a questionnaire to investigate their perceptions and attitudes towards proposed system. Results show that interaction complexity has an impact on students' learning performance and mental effort in mobile learning; the higher the interaction complexity is, the higher mental effort and the better learning performance in mobile learning will be. Lay Description: What is already known about this topic: Mobile devices can be used to meet the urgency of learning need and can provide guidance and clues for learners in context‐aware environment.During mobile learning in context‐aware environment, students need to interact with mobile devices and environment.Mental effort reflects cognitive load related to interaction complexity, and it can affect learning performance.Self‐efficacy affects the degree of mental effort by affecting the firmness of performance goal.Cognitive load and learning performance are the main concerns that need to be considered when evaluating the effectiveness of mobile learning. What this paper adds: Interaction complexity has an impact on students' learning performance and mental effort in mobile learning.In terms of the three levels of interaction complexity in this study, the higher the interaction complexity is, the better the results that students will get in mobile learning.The higher the interaction complexity is, the higher the mental effort that students invested into in mobile learning would be.The medium self‐efficacy group invested the most mental effort and got the best grades, rather than the high or low group.Rule‐based mobile learning expert system is feasible and effective for students to learn by interacting with learning objects in context‐aware environment. Implications for practice and/or policy: Efforts should be made to make mobile learning systems more interactive; for example, learners can learn more effectively by interacting with mobile system, which can improve the frequency of observing learning objects.Rule‐based mobile learning expert system can give learners more opportunities to know how experts do when solving problems and can provide a potential method for students to learn in context‐aware environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Herein, the report on a new class of self‐healing and pH/temperature responsive mixed solvent (ethanol and water) gels shows unusual mechanical properties to resist slicing, sustain high compression, and withstand stretching as evidenced by the cutting breaking stress, the fracture compressive stress, and the stretching ratio of one of the gels as obtained can reach or exceed 26.4 MPa, 9.2 MPa, and ≈5 times, respectively. The gels are designed by introducing dynamic covalent bond, acylhydrazone, which is believed to combine the merits of conventional chemical bonds and those of supramolecular interactions. Specifically, a hydrazide‐modified calix[4]arene derivative and linear benzaldehyde‐terminated poly(ethylene glycol)s are synthesized and used as reactive components to build gel networks. Interestingly, acid‐degradable hydrogel can be obtained via natural drying of the mixed solvent gel first and then swelling in pure water. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background A descriptive epidemiologic analysis of the characteristics of workplacebased multiple fatality incidents in China can contribute to a scientific basis for the prevention and control of such fatal incidents as well for as the facilitation of medical assistance during these episodes. Methods We used data on workplace-based multiple fatality incidents spanning January 1, 2001-December 31, 2008 as collected by the National Work Safety Administration of China to analyze event frequency, type, number of deaths, mortality rate (per million persons), and regional distribution. Results A total of 17,277 workplace-based multiple fatality incidents were reported between 2001 and 2008, which were associated with 62,850 deaths and 30,418 injuries. The most common types or settings associated with workplace-based multiple fatality incidents were road traffic accidents (>3 deaths only; total 23,464 deaths), coal mine explosions (23,418 deaths), and incidents involving shipping (3,978 deaths). Conclusion The risk for workplace-based multiple fatality incidents in China is one of the highest in the world. Prevention is critical and should be strengthened. Our results may provide useful information help to improve prevention and control measures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Innovative design and fabrication of fluorescent films are key steps in the development of film‐based fluorescent sensors, where both sensing unit and substrate are crucial to the performance of the films. To improve sensing performance via increasing mass transfer, hierarchical porous particles are chosen as substrate. NBDCOOH is adopted as a representative sensing fluorophore, and is immobilized onto the particles via physical adsorption. Dispersing the fluorescent particles into a mixture of ethanol and glycerol results in a fluorescent ink. It is demonstrated that the fluorescence of the film obtained from this particle‐based ink is more than 45 times stronger than that from pure NBDCOOH solution. In addition, the particle‐based film shows much improved photochemical stability and enhanced sensing performance. Owing to its printability, it can be used to generate complex patterns, which can be used for advanced information encryption. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In situ, online, fast, and sensitive detection and discrimination of explosives, illicit drugs, and volatile organic compounds via vapor sampling is a challenge for many years. The highly efficient and noncontact detection of 15 types of chemicals mentioned above using a film‐based fluorescent sensor array is reported herein. Importantly, the presence of water, toiletries, fruit, dirty clothes, and other interferences has little effect upon detection. Discrimination of the controlled chemicals is realized using a pattern recognition strategy. Meanwhile, a conceptual detector based on a sensor array is constructed and successfully used for simulated field tests. It is strongly believed that the present work not only provides a powerful fluorescent technique for efficient detection and discrimination of controlled chemicals with remarkably different properties but also demonstrates that arraying a single sensor is a promising strategy to mitigate the limitations of conventional film‐based fluorescent sensors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]