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Background: Cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca fascicularis) are essential in biomedical research, including reproductive studies. However, the application of human estimated foetal weight (EFW) formulas using ultrasonography (USG) in these non‐human primates is not well established. Objectives: This study aims to evaluate the applicability of human EFW formulas for estimating foetal weight in cynomolgus monkeys at approximately 130 days of gestation. Methods: Our study involved nine pregnant cynomolgus monkeys. We measured foetal parameters, including biparietal diameter, head circumference, abdominal circumference and femur length using USG. The EFW was calculated using 11 human EFW formulas. The actual birthweight (ABW) was recorded following Cesarean section, the day after the EFW calculation. For comparing EFW and ABW, we employed statistical methods such as mean absolute percentage error (APE) and Bland–Altman analysis. Results: The ABW ranged between 200.36 and 291.33 g. Among the 11 formulas, the Combs formula showed the lowest APE (4.3%) and highest correlation with ABW (p < 0.001). Notably, EFW and ABW differences for the Combs formula were ≤5% in 66.7% and ≤10% in 100% of cases. The Bland–Altman analysis supported these results, showing that all cases fell within the limits of agreement. Conclusions: The Combs formula is applicable for estimating the weight of cynomolgus monkey fetuses with USG at approximately 130 days of gestation. Our observations suggest that the Combs formula can be applied in the prenatal care and biomedical research of this species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Leiomyosarcoma, a malignant tumour originating from smooth muscle cells, has rarely been documented in non‐human primates. In this case study, a 7‐year‐old female cynomolgus macaque (Macaca fascicularis) presented with a rapidly growing mass overlying the left elbow joint. Radiographs indicated the presence of a soft tissue neoplasm without any associated bone involvement. The mass was surgically resected. Histological and immunohistochemical analyses revealed spindle‐shaped cells with eosinophilic cytoplasm that resembled smooth muscle cells, exhibiting positive immunoreactions for vimentin, desmin and smooth muscle actin and a negative reaction for pan‐cytokeratin. This is the first reported case of subcutaneous leiomyosarcoma in a cynomolgus macaque and provides important insights into the incidence and characteristics of this condition in this species. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The multiple metastable excited states provided by excited‐state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT) molecules are beneficial to bring temperature‐dependent and color‐tunable long persistent luminescence (LPL). Meanwhile, ESIPT molecules are intrinsically suitable to be modulated as D‐π‐A structure to obtain both one/two‐photon excitation and LPL emission simultaneously. Herein, we report the rational design of a dynamic CdII coordination polymer (LIFM‐106) from ESIPT ligand to achieve the above goals. By comparing LIFM‐106 with the counterparts, we established a temperature‐regulated competitive relationship between singlet excimer and triplet LPL emission. The optimization of ligand aggregation mode effectively boost the competitiveness of the latter. In result, LIFM‐106 shows outstanding one/two‐photon excited LPL performance with wide temperature range (100–380 K) and tunable color (green to red). The multichannel radiation process was further elucidated by transient absorption and theoretical calculations, benefiting for the application in anti‐counterfeiting systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Organic–inorganic hybrid perovskite or perovskitoid phosphorescent materials have aroused extensive research interests due to their applications in organic light emitting diodes, anti‐counterfeiting, display, and other fields. Herein, a new strategy is proposed, employing metal‐organic complex (MOC) cations as the organic components, which can increase the spin–orbit coupling (SOC) and intersystem crossing (ISC) efficiencies of the organic units, and hybrid with inorganic parts to form a novel type MOC–inorganic composed perovskitoid. In detail, a lead‐free MOC–inorganic perovskitoid material, named P‐Cl, is synthesized by self‐assembly of preassembled MOC from metallized crown ethers with inorganic cadmium halide component. In the solid state, the assembled perovskitoid exhibits a tunable fluorescence color from blue to green, during which a cold white light emission is achieved. Interestingly, after removal of the radiation source, the perovskitoid still emits a bright and color‐tunable long persistent luminescence (LPL) from cyan to green. Single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction analysis and theoretical calculations reveal that the bright LPL of P‐Cl arises from the improvement of the metal‐organic part to increase the SOC and the interlocking of metal halogenated layers to inhibit the nonradiative transition. The proposed strategy not only broadens the range of organic–inorganic perovskitoid hybrid materials but also facilitates the design of multifunctional LPL materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Key Clinical Message: Hydroa vacciniforme‐like lymphoproliferative disorder (HV‐LPD) is a rare cutaneous form of chronic active Epstein–Barr virus (CAEBV) that presents with vesicular lesions induced by sun‐exposure. Arterial aneurysm is a rare but potentially fatal complication of CAEBV and HV‐LPD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Room temperature phosphorescence (RTP) materials with long persistent luminescence (LPL) have raised particular attention among researchers for their potential uses in chemical sensing, optical recording devices, biological imaging, and security systems applications, due to the long‐lived triplet states. In this study, one‐pot method of reaction of appropriate ratio of crown ether ligand (15‐Crown‐5) and metallic salts (CdX2) is utilized to yield three metal halide‐based complexes (namely 15‐5‐CdCl2, 15‐5‐CdBr2, and 15‐5‐CdI2). In solid state, three complexes exhibit nearly standard white light emission with CIE coordinates of (0.28, 0.32), (0.31, 0.39), (0.30, 0.34) at room temperature under UV radiation of 340 nm. Meanwhile, they display the excitation‐dependent room temperature phosphorescence from blue/cyan to green/yellow, especially, 15‐5‐CdCl2 and 15‐5‐CdBr2 exhibit color‐tunable and visible LPL with time‐resolved luminescence lifetime as high as 1–2 s. Single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction analysis and theoretical calculations reveal that the bright LPL of 15‐5‐CdCl2 and 15‐5‐CdBr2 arise from the crown ether ligand and aggregation state induced by halogen‐bond. The thus obtained LPL provides potentials in lighting and displaying devices, optical recording devices, security systems and so on. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Materials taking abundant advantage of triplet states luminescence have risen lots of attention in decades. In this work, a Cu(I) metal‐organic framework (MOF) with synchronous metal‐to‐ligand charge transfer (MLCT) state and triplet emission of the ligand is synthesized from a D–π–A–π–D ligand with suitable energy gap. The Cu(I) MOF possessed MLCT emission in the range of 450–505 nm with microsecond lifetimes (1.07 to 5.38 µs) and a triplet state emission in near infrared (NIR) region ≈705 nm with lifetimes of 1.85 ms at 300 K and 25.16 ms at 77 K, much longer than those of reported Cu(I) MOFs. Moreover, a white light is obtained through adjusting the relative intensity of dual peaks. More importantly, NIR long persistent luminescence of Cu‐MOF is observed by naked eyes under cryogenic condition. Multiple factors such as the delicate design of the D–π–A–π–D structure of ligand, the enhanced spin‐orbital coupling by Cu(I) networks, and the tight packing mode of the framework promote the generation of MLCT emission and ultralong NIR room temperature phosphorescence. The combination of calculation and experiment to analyse the luminescence mechanism of Cu(I) MOFs provides ideas for the development of Cu(I)‐based intelligently responsive materials with RTP properties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

New Findings: What is the central question of this study?What is the involvement of Mg2+ in mitigating the vasoconstriction in pulmonary arteries and smaller pulmonary arteries in the monocrotaline‐induced pulmonary arterial hypertension (MCT‐PAH) rat model?What are the main finding and its importance?Both store‐operated Ca2+ entry‐ and receptor‐operated Ca2+ entry‐mediated vasoconstriction were enhanced in the MCT‐PAH model. High magnesium inhibited vasoconstriction by directly antagonizing Ca2+ and increasing NO release, and this was more notable in smaller pulmonary arteries. Increased extracellular magnesium concentration has been shown to attenuate the endothelin‐1‐induced contractile response via the release of nitric oxide (NO) from the endothelium in proximal pulmonary arteries (PAs) of chronic hypoxic mice. Here, we further examined the involvement of Mg2+ in the inhibition of vasoconstriction in PAs and distal smaller pulmonary arteries (sPAs) in a monocrotaline‐induced pulmonary arterial hypertension (MCT‐PAH) rat model. The data showed that in control rats vasoconstriction in sPAs is more intense than that in PAs. In MCT‐PAH rats, store‐operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE)‐ and receptor‐operated Ca2+ entry (ROCE)‐mediated contraction were significantly strengthened. However, there was no upregulation of the vasoconstriction mediated by voltage‐dependent calcium entry (VDCE). Furthermore, high magnesium greatly inhibited VDCE‐mediated contraction in PAs rather than sPAs, which was the opposite of the ROCE‐mediated contraction. Moreover, monocrotaline pretreatment partly eliminated the endothelium‐dependent vasodilatation in PAs, which in sPAs, however, was still promoted by magnesium due to the increased NO release in pulmonary microvascular endothelial cells (PMVECs). In conclusion, the findings suggest that both SOCE‐ and ROCE‐mediated vasoconstriction in the MCT‐PAH model are enhanced, especially in sPAs. The inhibitory effect of high magnesium on vasoconstriction can be achieved partly by its direct role as a Ca2+ antagonist and partly by increasing NO release in PMVECs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cyclin‐dependent kinase 1 (CDK1) plays a significant role in certain malignancies. However, it remains unclear whether CDK1 plays a role in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). The aim of this study was to analyze the expression and clinical value of CDK1 in ESCC. CDK1 protein in 151 ESCC tissues and 138 normal esophageal tissues was detected by immunohistochemistry. RNA‐seq of eight pairs of ESCC and adjacent esophageal specimens was performed to evaluate the levels of CDK1 mRNA. Microarray and external RNA‐seq data from 664 cases of ESCC and 1733 cases of control tissues were used to verify the difference in CDK1 expression between the two groups. A comprehensive analysis of all data was performed to evaluate the difference in CDK1 between ESCC tissues and control tissues. Further, functional enrichment analyses were performed based on differentially expressed genes (DEGs) of ESCC and co‐expressed genes (CEGs) of CDK1. In addition, a lncRNA‐miRNA‐CDK1 network was constructed. The expression of CDK1 protein was obviously increased in ESCC tissues (3.540 ± 2.923 vs. 1.040 ± 1.632, P < 0.001). RNA‐seq indicated that the mRNA level of CDK1 was also highly expressed in ESCC tissues (5.261 ± 0.703 vs. 2.229 ± 1.161, P < 0.0001). Comprehensive analysis revealed consistent up‐regulation of CDK1 (SMD = 1.41; 95% CI 1.00–1.83). Further, functional enrichment analyses revealed that the functions of these genes were mainly concentrated in the cell cycle. A triple regulatory network of PVT1‐hsa‐miR‐145‐5p/hsa‐miR‐30c‐5p‐CDK1 was constructed using in silico analysis. In summary, overexpression of CDK1 is closely related to ESCC tumorigenesis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Summary: This paper investigates the behavior of high‐rise composite buildings with composite shear walls and concrete‐filled steel tubular (CFST) columns using a numerical model in OpenSees. In the model, the geometric and material nonlinearity of structural elements are captured by utilizing a fiber force‐based beam‐column elements with rigorously modified material stress–strain relationships. Besides, the confining effect of the concrete core, the semi‐rigid connections, and the coupling effect of composite shear walls is carefully taken into consideration. Finally, the case study of a 42‐storey composite building is conducted using the proposed model to provide a thorough understanding about the behavior of this kind of building. It shows that this innovative building has high loading capacity and significantly reduces the dimension of structural members (up to 50%) compared with the conventional RC building at the same loading capacity. Through the validation with test data, the suggested constitutive laws have shown the simplicity and high accuracy since the value of model error is only around 7%. In addition, the simulation results also indicate that the model can capture well the nonlinear behavior of tested specimens, especially, the failure and the formation of plastic hinges of coupling composite shear walls implicitly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Organic photonic materials have high refractive index, fast transfer speed, low heat generation, and so on; and therefore, have great potential in optoelectronics and optical micro/nanocircuits. Herein, a new strategy using fluorescence–phosphorescence dual emission and disparity of optical loss in a smooth needle‐like organic crystal is reported to realize color tuning of the optical waveguide (OWG). Especially, a warm white‐light OWG emission is achieved by appropriately adjusting the excitation position, presenting the first report of single‐component organic waveguide with white light emission. Based on this, the as‐prepared 1D organic crystal has been demonstrated as a microscale optical correspondence device with multiple input and output responses, which offers potential applications in modern optics and photonics fields. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Materials with tunable long persistent luminescence (LPL) properties have wide applications in security signs, anti‐counterfeiting, data encrypting, and other fields. However, the majority of reported tunable LPL materials are pure organic molecules or polymers. Herein, a series of metal‐organic coordination polymers displaying color‐tunable LPL were synthesized by the self‐assembly of HTzPTpy ligand with different cadmium halides (X=Cl, Br, and I). In the solid state, their LPL emission colors can be tuned by the time‐evolution, as well as excitation and temperature variation, realizing multi‐mode dynamic color tuning from green to yellow or green to red, and are the first such examples in single‐component coordination polymer materials. Single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction analysis and theoretical calculations reveal that the modification of LPL is due to the balanced action from single molecule and aggregate triplet excited states caused by an external heavy‐atom effect. The results show that the rational introduction of different halide anions into coordination polymers can realize multi‐color LPL. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: Abnormally activated vascular smooth muscle cells are key factors in pulmonary artery remodelling (PAR) and pulmonary artery hypertension (PAH). Keratin 1 is involved in inflammatory diseases; however, its role in PAH is unknown. We speculated that keratin 1 could regulate PASMCs and prevent PAH. Methods: Rats were exposed to hypoxia (10% O2) or MCT (50 mg/kg, intraperitoneal injection) or treated with AAV6 virus. PAR was measured through HE and Masson staining. PASMC activities were measured using MTS assay, EdU and Western blot analyses after cell knockdown with siRNAs or overexpression with Krt1 vectors. Results: 1. Hypoxic PAR was associated with a decrease in keratin 1, especially in PASMCs. 2. Keratin 1 knockdown led to cell proliferation, migration and contraction to synthetic transformation, while keratin 1 overexpression attenuated hypoxia‐induced changes in PASMCs. 3. Decreased keratin 1 induced TLR7 upregulation and mediated increases in the inflammatory factors S100a8 and S100a9. 4. Keratin 1 overexpression reduced the inflammatory factor expression induced by TLR7 activation. 5. Further studies demonstrated that keratin 1 expression was negatively correlated with pulmonary vascular pressure following prolonged hypoxia. 6. Pre‐treatment with keratin 1 decreased pulmonary artery pressure and the right heart hypertrophy index and alleviated PAR in two model rats. 7. Keratin 1 exhibited a hypermethylation status in hypoxic pulmonary arteries in the sequencing. Hypoxia‐induced decrease in keratin 1 expression was associated with Dnmt1 upregulation induced by YY1 downregulation in PASMCs. Conclusion: This study suggests that keratin 1 regulates PASMC expansion and has a preventive effect on PAH. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to investigate the clinicopathological significance and prospective molecular mechanism of RUNX family transcription factor 2 (RUNX2) in lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC). The authors used immunohistochemistry (IHC), RNA‐seq, and microarray data from multi‐platforms to conduct a comprehensive analysis of the clinicopathological significance and molecular mechanism of RUNX2 in the occurrence and development of LUSC. RUNX2 expression was significantly higher in 16 LUSC tissues than in paired non‐cancerous tissues detected by IHC (P < 0.05). RNA‐seq data from the combination of TCGA and genotype‐tissue expression (GTEx) revealed significantly higher expression of RUNX2 in 502 LUSC samples than in 476 non‐cancer samples. The expression of RUNX2 protein was also significantly higher in pathologic T3‐T4 than in T1‐T2 samples (P = 0.031). The pooled standardised mean difference (SMD) for RUNX2 was 0.87 (95% CI, 0.58–1.16), including 29 microarrays from GEO and one from ArrayExpress. The co‐expression network of RUNX2 revealed complicated connections between RUNX2 and 45 co‐expressed genes, which were significantly clustered in pathways including ECM‐receptor interaction, focal adhesion, protein digestion and absorption, human papillomavirus infection and PI3K‐Akt signalling pathway. Overexpression of RUNX2 plays an essential role in the clinical progression of LUSC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) with long persistent luminescence (LPL) have attracted widespread attention due to potential applications in displays, anticounterfeiting, and so on. However, MOFs often have large pore size, which restricts the formation of efficient inter‐ and intramolecular interactions to realize LPL. Herein, a new approach to achieving LPL in MOFs by multifold interpenetration of discrete frameworks is reported. By comparison between threefold‐ and twofold‐interpenetrating MOFs, it was found that the former, which have higher multiplicity and denser frameworks, can be endowed with enhanced inter‐ and intramolecular interactions, and thus enhanced LPL is obtained. Meanwhile, metal‐cluster and heavy‐halogen effects could also cause variations in LPL duration and color. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The zinc‐bromine redox flow battery (ZBB) is an ideal device of energy storage systems. Nevertheless, its energy density is relatively low compared to those of Li‐ion batteries, due to its low output voltage. Herein, a high‐voltage aqueous hybrid zinc‐bromine battery system (AHZBBs) was developed, where K+‐conducting membrane was used to segregate neutral‐alkaline hybrid electrolytes and redox couples of Br2/Br−and [Zn(OH)4]2−/Zn at the positive and negative electrode. Benefited from an efficient and stable cathode catalyst (carbon‐manganite nanoflakes), this AHZBB delivered a high average output voltage of 2.15 V and energy density of 276.7 Wh/kg without capacity attenuation after 200 cycles. More importantly, this work provides an efficient avenue to elevating the output voltage and energy density, and will strongly encourage studies on redox flow batteries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The design of white‐light phosphors is attractive in solid‐state lighting (SSL) and related fields. A new strategy in obtaining white light emission (WLE) from dual‐way photon energy conversion in a series of dye@MOF (LIFM‐WZ‐6) systems is presented. Besides the traditional UV‐excited one‐photon absorption (OPA) pathway, white‐light modulation can also be gained from the combination of NIR‐excited green and red emissions of MOF backbone and encapsulated dyes via two‐photon absorption (TPA) pathway. As a result, down‐conversion OPA white light was obtained for RhB+@LIFM‐WZ‐6 (0.1 wt %), BR‐2+@LIFM‐WZ‐6 (2 wt %), and APFG+@LIFM‐WZ‐6 (0.1 wt %) samples under 365 nm excitation. RhB+@LIFM‐WZ‐6 (0.05 wt %), BR‐2+@LIFM‐WZ‐6 (1 wt %) and APFG+@LIFM‐WZ‐6 (0.05 wt %) exhibit up‐conversion TPA white light under the excitation of 800, 790, and 730 nm, respectively. This new WLE generation strategy combines different photon energy conversion mechanisms together. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

New Findings: What is the central question of this study?The aim was to examine and compare the contributions of caveolin‐1 to the contractile responses mediated by L‐type voltage‐dependent calcium channels, store‐operated Ca2+ channels and receptor‐operated Ca2+ channels in two different types of arteries from two‐kidney, one‐clip hypertensive rats.What is the main finding and its importance?We demonstrated that the density of caveolae and caveolin‐1 expression were significantly upregulated in the aorta of two‐kidney, one‐clip hypertensive rats, but not in the third‐order branches of mesenteric arteries. We highlight that caveolin‐1 plays an important role in aortic constriction by enhancing receptor‐operated Ca2+ entry in the hypertensive rat model. Calcium and its multiple regulatory mechanisms are crucial for the development of hypertension. Among these regulatory mechanisms, store‐operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE) and receptor‐operated Ca2+ entry (ROCE) mediate agonist‐induced calcium influx, contributing to vascular contraction. The SOCE and ROCE are regulated by a variety of mechanisms involving caveolin‐1 (Cav1), which has been found to be strongly associated with hypertension in gene polymorphism. In the present study, we investigated the role of Cav1 during the enhanced activity of calcium channels in hypertensive arteries. We demonstrated that the expression level of Cav1 was significantly increased in the aorta of two‐kidney, one‐clip (2K1C) hypertensive rats. The disruption of caveolae by methyl‐β‐cyclodextrin did not cause a marked difference in agonist‐induced vasoconstriction in the third‐order branches of the mesenteric arteries but strongly suppressed the aortic contractile response to endothelin‐1 in the 2K1C group, which was not found in the control group. The increase in Cav1 by introduction of Cav1 scaffolding domain enhancing peptide promoted the 1‐oleoyl‐2‐acetyl‐glycerol‐induced ROCE in hypertensive aortic smooth muscle cells but did not enhance the cyclopiazonic acid‐induced SOCE. In the resistance arteries, similar changes were not observed, and no statistical changes of Cav1 expression were evident in the third‐order branches of the mesenteric arteries. Our results indicate that increased Cav1 expression might promote the altered [Ca2+]i‐induced aortic vasoreactivity by enhancing ROCE and be involved in the pathogenesis of hypertension. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (RRP) is mainly caused by human papillomavirus (HPV) 6 and 11. While various adjuvant therapies have been reported, no effective therapy has been documented to universally "cure" this disease. In the era of precision medicine, it would be valuable to identify effective intervention based on drug sensitivity testing and/or molecular analysis. It is essential to be able to successfully carry out in vitro culture and expand tumor cells directly from patients to accomplish this goal. Here we report the result of successful culture of HPV-infected cell lines (success rate 70%, 9/13) that express the E6/E7 RNA transcript, using pathologic tissue biopsies from patients treated at our institution. The availability of such a system would enable ex vivo therapeutic testing and disease modeling. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To evaluate how well different magnitudes of compression‐induced degenerative changes using a bent rat tail model simulated human lumbar lordosis. It has been shown that compression plays an important role in intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD). Methods: Sprague–Dawley rats (n = 25) were instrumented with a special compressive apparatus that was used to bend the intervertebral disc between the 8th and the 10th caudal vertebral bodies using two Kirschner wires inserted percutaneously into the middle of two tail vertebrae. Then, rats were divided into five different static compression loads (control, sham, 1.8 N, 4.5 N, and 7.2 N). The degeneration of the discs was evaluated by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), histology, gene expression of anabolism and catabolism after 2 weeks. We used the signal characteristics of the disc in T2‐weighted MRI to reflect the changes caused by degeneration as this is the most relevant and clinically recognized way to assess IDD. Pfirrmann classification was used to classify disc images. The tail discs from C8–9 and C9–10 with their two adjacent half vertebrae were carefully cut out and decalcified. Then the sections were paraffin‐embedded and cut into 5‐μm sections by histotome. Finally, they were stained with Safranin O‐Fast Green and hematoxylin, and hematoxylin and eosin, respectively. Images were taken using a microscope and staining and compression‐induced changes were assessed by a Masuda's grading scale. The relative expression levels of mRNA encoding rat anabolic genes and catabolic genes were evaluated by real‐time reverse transcription (RT)‐polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The mRNA expression fold change of the target gene was calculated using the 2−ΔΔCt method in the loaded and unloaded disc. Results: As the loading magnitude increased, static compression produced a significantly progressive decrease in nucleus intensity on T2‐weighted MRI, a decrease of aggrecan and Type II collagen, an increase in Matrix metallopeptidase‐3 (MMP‐3) and MMP‐13 expressions, and a histomorphological degeneration. The sham group had a score of 1.4 ± 0.3, the 1.8 N group had a score of 2.4 ± 0.3, the 4.5 N group had a score of 3.2 ± 0.3, and the 7.2 N group had a score of 4.4 ± 0.3, which was based on the Pfirrmann classification score, in which the control group had a score of 1. These results demonstrated that the sham group was not significantly different from the control group. Histological analysis showed that in the loaded disc, the size of the nucleus was reduced and that the annular layer was disorganized. Based on the Masuda grading scale, scores were as follows: for the control group, 3.8 ± 0.35; sham, 4.2 ± 0.35; 1.8 N, 5.4 ± 0.35; 4.5 N, 7.6 ± 0.35; and 7.2 N, 10 ± 0.35. The gene expression was divided into the following: anabolic genes (aggrecan, collagen type1‐α1, and collagen type2‐α1) and catabolic genes (MMP‐3 and MMP‐13). Aggrecan and collagen type 2 were, respectively, downregulated from 0.42 ± 0.04 to 0.21 ± 0.04 and from 0.93 ± 0.06 to 0.17 ± 0.06 as the magnitude of compression increased, whereas collagen type 1 was significantly upregulated, from 2.49 ± 0.19 to 4.40 ± 0.19, when compared with the control group (from 1.8 to 7.2 N, P < 0.05). Catabolic genes MMP‐3 and MMP‐13 were significantly upregulated in all experimental groups (P < 0.05, MMP‐3: from 1.46 ± 0.18 to 3.44 ± 0.18; MMP‐13: from 1.19 ± 0.12 to 2.82 ± 0.13); however, MMP‐13 exhibited no significant changes but tended to be upregulated when compared with the 1.8 N group with the 4.5 N group. Conclusions: Different stresses led to different processes of degenerative changes, the concave disc degenerating more severely as stress gradually increased. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

New Findings: What is the central question of this study? The central goal of this study was to elucidate the role of magnesium in the regulation of pulmonary vascular reactivity in relationship to hypoxic pulmonary hypertension. What is the main finding and its importance? We found that magnesium is essential for normal vasoreactivity of the pulmonary artery. Increasing the magnesium concentration attenuates vasoconstriction and improves vasodilatation via release of nitric oxide. Pulmonary hypertension is associated with endothelial dysfunction resulting in the suppression of magnesium modulation of vasodilatation. These results provide evidence that magnesium is important for the modulation of pulmonary vascular function. Abstract: Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is characterized by enhanced vasoreactivity and sustained pulmonary vasoconstriction, arising from aberrant Ca2+ homeostasis in pulmonary arterial (PA) smooth muscle cells. In addition to Ca2+, magnesium, the most abundant intracellular divalent cation, also plays crucial roles in many cellular processes that regulate cardiovascular function. Recent findings suggest that magnesium regulates vascular functions by altering the vascular responses to vasodilator and vasoactive agonists and affects endothelial function by modulating endothelium‐dependent vasodilatation in hypertension. Administration of magnesium also decreased pulmonary arterial pressure and improved cardiac output in animal models of PH. However, the role of magnesium in the regulation of pulmonary vascular function related to PH has not been studied. In this study, we examined the effects of magnesium on endothelin‐1 (ET‐1)‐induced vasoconstriction, ACh‐induced vasodilatation and the generation of NO in PAs of normoxic mice and chronic hypoxia (CH)‐treated mice. Our data showed that removal of extracellular magnesium suppressed vasoreactivity of PAs to both ET‐1 and ACh. A high concentration of magnesium (4.8 m m) inhibited ET‐1‐induced vasoconstriction in endothelium‐intact or endothelium‐disrupted PAs of normoxic and CH‐treated mice, and enhanced the ACh‐induced production of NO in PAs of normoxic mice. Moreover, magnesium enhanced ACh‐induced vasodilatation in PAs of normoxic mice, and the enhancement was completely abolished after exposure to CH. Hence, in this study we demonstrated that increasing the magnesium concentration can attenuate the ET‐1‐induced contractile response and improve vasodilatation via release of NO from the endothelium. We also demonstrated that chronic exposure to hypoxia can cause endothelial dysfunction resulting in suppression of the magnesium‐dependent modulation of vasodilatation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Vanadium oxide Li3VO4 has attracted much attention as anode material for Li-ion batteries in recent years since it has a low and safe redox potential (vs. Li metal), high specific capacity and its cost is low. However, the poor electronic conductivity and initial low coulombic efficiency limit its practical application. In this mini-review, the state-of-the-art results associated with Li3VO4 are summarized including structure, lithium insertion mechanism, preparation, modification, and electrochemical properties. Finally, the challenges and prospects are also discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For the first time, a three-dimensional (3D) volume calculation model based on total electrostatic potential analysis and density functional calculations is applied to study the volume differences between hydrated multivalent vanadium ions (V2+, V3+, VO2+, and [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

IMT, previously known as IPT, is a relatively rare tumor that was originally described in the lungs, but case reports have reported the tumor in almost every organ system. Surgical resection is typically the mainstay of therapy; however, tumors have also been shown to respond to chemotherapy or anti-inflammatory therapy and some have spontaneously regressed. We present a literature review and case report representing the first documentation to date of liver transplant combined with PD for surgical resection of a myofibroblastic tumor non-responsive to medical therapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The depletion of fossil fuels and environmental pollution provide an increasing requirement for rechargeable batteries with high energy densities, high efficiency, and excellent cycling performance. Aqueous rechargeable batteries (ARBs), with the merits of safety, low-cost, super-fast charge-discharge ability, and environmental friendliness, are one of the most competitive technologies for large-scale energy systems. Recently, extensive efforts have been dedicated to enhancing their electrochemical performance, and great breakthroughs have been achieved, especially for aqueous rechargeable lithium batteries (ARLBs), including three generations of ARLBs, aqueous rechargeable sodium batteries (ARSBs), and redox flow batteries (RFBs). Herein, the latest advances on their critical components are reviewed, and challenges and further directions are also pointed out. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Low-dose decitabine has encouraging activity and tolerability in adults with acute myeloid leukaemia ( AML), but paediatric experience is lacking. We report our retrospective experience with decitabine in eight children and young adults (median age 4 years) with refractory/relapsed AML, who had failed multiple regimens or were not candidates for standard retrieval regimens due to prior toxicities. Three of eight patients (38%) had complete response ( CR; 1 each of CR, CR with incomplete platelet recovery and CR with incomplete count recovery). Best responses were observed after a median of 2·5 cycles (range 1-4 cycles). Four patients received subsequent allogeneic stem cell transplant, and two remain in long-term CR. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses the viral microRNA profile in Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) associated peripheral T cell lymphoma (PTCL). According to the repertoire of the expressed EBV latent proteins, Epstein-Barr virus-associated malignancies can be classified into latency I, II, and III that express EBV-encoded small RNAs (EBERs) and BamHI-A-rightward transcripts (BARTs). In addition, it presents detection of EBV infection in the (PTCL) tissues.

Cover Feature: An Aqueous Hybrid Zinc-Bromine Battery with High Voltage and Energy Density (ChemElectroChem 7/2020) Keywords: zinc-bromine battery; high voltage; high energy density; K+-conducting membrane; hybrid electrolytes EN zinc-bromine battery high voltage high energy density K+-conducting membrane hybrid electrolytes 1512 1512 1 04/20/20 20200401 NES 200401 B The Cover Feature b shows the structure and working mechanism of the aqueous hybrid zinc-bromine battery (AHZBB) system, which is of great promise to tackle the intermittence issue of renewable energies such as solar, wind, and tidal technologies, and use for large-scale energy storage in smart grids. Zinc-bromine battery, high voltage, high energy density, K+-conducting membrane, hybrid electrolytes. [Extracted from the article]

The Back Cover picture illustrates how DFT‐based calculations suggest that cation‐exchange membranes with pore sizes ranging from 3.98 to 7.56 Å (top right) and anion‐exchange membranes with pore sizes between 6.02 and 7.56 Å (top left) are suitable for application in all‐vanadium redox flow batteries (VRBs). These results agree with reported experimental results and provide guidance on the molecular level for the selection and design of membranes (bottom) for VRBs. More information can be found in the Article by Z. Liu et al. on page 2184 in Issue 9, 2017 (DOI: 10.1002/celc.201700244). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An asymmetric supercapacitor ( ASC) was assembled by using an activated carbon as positive electrode and WO3 nanowire as negative electrode, and its electrical performances were tested in voltage windows ranging from 0 to 1.5 V. A high specific capacitance of 51 F•g−1 could be achieved at the current density of 0.25 A•g−1. Moreover, the ASC displays a good cycling stability with 86% of capacitance retention after 800 cycles, its energy density can be up to 11.9 Wh•kg−1 at the power density of 210 W•kg−1, and remains 7.7 Wh•kg−1 at a power density of 1250 W• kg−1. The excellent electrical performance is perhaps due to the crystal orientation of (001) planes for the WO3 nanowire, which favors the rapid reaction between W( VI) and H+ cations. This aqueous asymmetric WO3// AC supercapacitor is promising for practical applications due to its easy preparation of WO3. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]