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Advancement in high‐throughput sequencing technologies has stimulated intensive research interests to identify specific microbial taxa that are associated with disease conditions. Such knowledge is invaluable both from the perspective of understanding biology and from the biomedical perspective of therapeutic development, as the microbiome is inherently modifiable. Despite availability of massive data, analysis of microbiome compositional data remains difficult. The nature that relative abundances of all components of a microbial community sum to one poses challenges for statistical analysis, especially in high‐dimensional settings, where a common research theme is to select a small fraction of signals from amid many noisy features. Motivated by studies examining the role of microbiome in host transcriptomics, we propose a novel approach to identify microbial taxa that are associated with host gene expressions. Besides accommodating compositional nature of microbiome data, our method both achieves FDR‐controlled variable selection, and captures heterogeneity due to either heteroscedastic variance or non‐location‐scale covariate effects displayed in the motivating dataset. We demonstrate the superior performance of our method using extensive numerical simulation studies and then apply it to real‐world microbiome data analysis to gain novel biological insights that are missed by traditional mean‐based linear regression analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the field of music-driven, computer-assisted dance movement generation, traditional music movement adaptations and statistical mapping models have the following problems: Firstly, the dance sequences generated by the model are not powerful enough to fit the music itself. Secondly, the integrity of the dance movements produced is not sufficient. Thirdly, it is necessary to improve the suppleness and rationality of long-term dance sequences. Fourthly, traditional models cannot produce new dance movements. How to create smooth and complete dance gesture sequences after music is a problem that needs to be investigated in this paper. To address these problems, we design a deep learning dance generation algorithm to extract the association between sound and movement characteristics. During the feature extraction phase, rhythmic features extracted from music and audio beat features are used as musical features, and coordinates of the main points of human bones extracted from dance videos are used for training as movement characteristics. During the model building phase, the model's generator module is used to achieve a basic mapping of music and dance movements and to generate gentle dance gestures. The identification module is used to achieve consistency between dance and music. The self-encoder module is used to make the audio function more representative. Experimental results on the DeepFashion dataset show that the generated model can synthesize the new view of the target person in any human posture of a given posture, complete the transformation of different postures of the same person, and retain the external features and clothing textures of the target person. Using a whole-to-detail generation strategy can improve the final video composition. For the problem of incoherent character movements in video synthesis, we propose to optimize the character movements by using a generative adversarial network, specifically by inserting generated motion compensation frames into the incoherent movement sequences to improve the smoothness of the synthesized video. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on the consolidation solutions of cross‐anisotropic stratified fractional visco‐poroelastic soils, the interaction between an irregular rigid foundation and the underlying soils in the time domain is studied. Firstly, the foundation is discretized into a series of elements, which is similar to the division principle of the finite element method (FEM). The displacement equations of the foundation elements are established according to the fact that the rigid foundation remains flat when loaded. Secondly, the flexibility matrix of the soils is obtained from the consolidation solution, which is taken as the kernel function of the Boundary element method (BEM). After that, the interaction equation is derived according to the displacement compatibility condition and equilibrium of forces between the rigid foundation and the soils. So, the relation between the displacement and the contact force of the soils is attained. Finally, the rotation, displacement, and reaction of the foundation are obtained by solving the interaction equation. The results are compared with several published references to prove the validity of this study. Furthermore, numerical examples are designed to investigate the effects of the viscoelasticity, cross‐anisotropy, stratification, aspect ratio and the irregular shape on the time‐varying interaction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate ambispectively the effectiveness of a real‐time computer‐aided detection (CADe) system on the number of polyp (PPC) or adenoma per colonoscopy (APC), and polyp (PDR) or adenoma detection rate (ADR). Methods: Eight‐five videos marked using the CADe system, together with the unmarked videos, were reviewed by two senior endoscopists. Polyps detected in the marked and unmarked videos were recounted in parallel. Additionally, 128 consecutive patients were enrolled for a prospective evaluation using a standard colonoscopy or the CADe monitor alternately every 2 weeks. The PC, APC, PDR and ADR were compared between the two groups. Results: The total number of polyps reported in the unmarked and marked videos were 73 and 88, respectively (mean PPC 0.86 vs 1.04, P = 0.001). The proportion of polyps detected per colonoscopy increased by 20.5%. Of the 128 prospectively enrolled patients, 186 polyps were detected. The mean PPC was higher in the CADe colonoscopy than in the standard colonoscopy (1.66 vs 1.13, P = 0.039). The PDR using the CADe colonoscopy was significantly higher than that of the standard colonoscopy (78.1% vs 56.3%, P = 0.008). Conclusion: Real‐time CADe system significantly increases the PDR and PPC under the situation of a high rate of polyp detection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Herein, a design of flexible triboelectric generator integrated with high‐efficiency energy storage unit (FTEG‐ES) is proposed. The power generation unit is a flexible triboelectric generator (FTEG). Natural rubber and polyethylene terephthalate (PET) release film with silicone oil on the surface are used as the friction layer, and the polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) layer prepared by electrospinning is added compared with traditional structure to improve output performance. The flexible solid‐state capacitor made of chemical cross‐linked poly(vinyl alcohol)−H2SO4 hydrogel (CPH) and activated carbon is used as an energy storage unit. The test results prove that adding the PVDF layer effectively increases the output performance of FTEG. The open‐circuit voltage and short‐circuit current are increased by 19% and 47%, respectively. The short‐circuit current density and maximum output power are up to 1.30 μA cm−2 and 100 μW cm−2, respectively. The flexible solid‐state capacitor can store energy more efficiently than electrolytic capacitors. The charging speed of the flexible solid‐state capacitor is increased by 34.4% compared with electrolytic capacitors when charge the 1 mF capacitor to 1.5 V. Finally, the experiments show that FTEG‐ES can be used as a backup power source for low‐power devices. The feasibility of triboelectric generator applications is explored by this work. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A series of triazole derivatives containing a pyrazole moiety were synthesized and characterized by 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and HRMS. The herbicidal activities of these compounds were tested against lettuce and bentgrass. Most of the tested compounds were moderately herbicidal activity against lettuce and bentgrass. Among them, compounds 6f and 6g had the highest herbicidal activity (80% inhibitory) against lettuce and bentgrass. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Summary: This paper presents a stable and efficient method for calculating the transient solution of layered saturated media subjected to impulsive loadings by means of the analytical layer element method. Starting with the field equations based on Biot's linear theory for porous, fluid‐saturated media, and the seepage continuity equation, an analytical layer element for a single layer is established by applying Laplace‐Hankel integral transform. The global stiffness matrix in the transform domain for a layered saturated half‐space subjected to a transient circular patch loading is obtained by assembling the layer elements of each layer. The displacements in the time domain are derived by Laplace‐Hankel inverse transform of the global stiffness matrix. Numerical examples are conducted to verify the accuracy of the method and to demonstrate the influences of type of transient loading, buried depth of loading, permeability, and stratification of materials on the transient response of the multilayered saturated poroelastic media. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Summary: The dynamic problem of a transversely isotropic multilayered medium is reducible to quasi‐static problem by introducing a moving system that travels synchronously with the load. Based on the governing equations in the moving system, the ordinary differential equations in the Fourier transformed domain are deduced. An extended precise integration method is adopted to solve the ordinary differential equations, and the solution in the physical domain is recovered by the inverse Fourier transform. Numerical examples are performed to verify the accuracy of the presented method and to analyze the influence of material properties and the load characteristic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: This study was undertaken to determine how rapidly refrigerated fluids gain heat during bolus infusion and to determine whether the refrigerated fluids could be kept cold by a simple cold-insulation method. Methods: One liter of refrigerated fluid was run through either a 16-gauge catheter (16G(–) and 16G(+) groups) or an 18-gauge catheter (18G(–) and 18G(+) groups) while monitoring the temperature in the fluid bag and the outflow site. In the 16G(+) and the 18G(+) groups, the fluid bag was placed with an ice pack inside an insulating sleeve during the fluid run. Results: In the 16G(–) and the 18G(–) groups, the outflow temperature increased to 10–12°C during the fluid run. Meanwhile, outflow temperatures in the 16G(+) and the 18G(+) groups remained below 4.6 and 6.8°C, respectively. The temperatures differed significantly between the 16G(–) and the 16G(+) groups (p < 0.001) and between the 18G(–) and the 18G(+) groups (p < 0.001), respectively. Conclusions: Substantial heat gain occurred in the refrigerated fluid even during the relatively short duration of bolus infusion. The heat gain could, however, be easily minimized by cold insulation of the fluid bag. ACADEMIC EMERGENCY MEDICINE 2010; 17:673–675 © 2010 by the Society for Academic Emergency Medicine [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]