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In cancer treatment, perioperative oral functional management is used as a part of supportive care. Its main objectives are as follows: (1) preventing and reducing adverse events, (2) maintaining or improving nutritional status, (3) improving cancer treatment outcomes, (4) maintaining or improving quality of life, (5) providing high quality medical care through comprehensive oral care, (6) controlling odontogenic foci of infection, and (7) maintaining or improving oral function. A literature search was conducted using the electronic databases of Medical Journal and PubMed. Electronic database searches were performed using various combinations of the following key words: cancer, surgery, treatment, chemotherapy, radiotherapy and dental disease, oral care, oral management, dental intervention, oral health, dental care, and dental management. The selection of literature for inclusion in the review was restricted to dental management of patients receiving cancer treatment. In the course of the literature review, hand searches were also added as needed. The guideline was developed by summarizing the results of the review. Based on a review of the literature on the management of dental foci of infection in the oral functional management of patients undergoing cancer treatment, a guideline was developed by summarizing the results of the review. This report is a secondary publication of our previous review report "J. Stomatol. Soc. 70(4): 279–289. Dec 2021." [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mucoceles usually originate from minor salivary glands. They rarely develop from the submandibular gland, and the location of all previously reported submandibular gland mucoceles is extra‐glandular. To the best of our knowledge, no reports have described a localized mucocele occurring within the submandibular gland. We herein present an extremely rare case of a localized mucocele including a sialolith that occurred in the submandibular gland. Extirpation of the submandibular gland including both the mucocele and sialolith was performed, and no postoperative complications occurred during the 2‐year follow‐up. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Oral lichen planus (OLP) or chronic inflammation is a risk factor for oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). We report a case of OSCC derived from OLP around dental implant (DI) in a 78‐year‐old woman. First incisional biopsy of this region was diagnosed as OLP. Epidermal hyperplasia was revealed in a second biopsy performed after 1 year and 4 months. After 8 months, OSCC occurred on the same site and surgical treatment was successfully performed. This case may present a process of malignant conversion from OLP to OSCC via epithelial hyperplasia. There is a possibility that periimplantitis was involved in this change. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Topical administration of Rosmarinus officinalis leaf extract (RO-ext, 2 mg/day/mouse) improved hair regrowth in C57BL/6NCrSlc mice that experienced hair regrowth interruption induced by testosterone treatment. In addition, RO-ext promoted hair growth in C3H/He mice that had their dorsal areas shaved. To investigate the antiandrogenic activity mechanism of RO-ext, we focused on inhibition of testosterone 5α-reductase, which is well recognized as one of the most effective strategies for the treatment of androgenic alopecia. RO-ext showed inhibitory activity of 82.4% and 94.6% at 200 and 500 µg/mL, respectively. As an active constituent of 5α-reductase inhibition, 12-methoxycarnosic acid was identified with activity-guided fractionation. In addition, the extract of R. officinalis and 12-methoxycarnosic acid inhibited androgen-dependent proliferation of LNCaP cells as 64.5% and 66.7% at 5 µg/mL and 5 μM, respectively. These results suggest that they inhibit the binding of dihydrotestosterone to androgen receptors. Consequently, RO-ext is a promising crude drug for hair growth. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background. Despite recent advances in the diagnosis and treatment of oral carcinoma, outcomes remain disappointing. The identification of new prognostic factors is necessary to improve survival. To determine the prognostic significance of cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 and DNA topoisomerase (DNA-Topo) IIα expression in patients with oral carcinoma, we immunohistochemically examined these enzymes and studied their relation to overall 5-year survival. Methods. Surgical specimens were obtained from 160 patients with oral carcinoma, 80 with and 80 without regional lymph node metastasis. The specimens were immunostained for COX-2 and DNA-Topo IIα as an index of cell proliferative activity. COX-2 immunoreactivity and clinicopathological data were analyzed, and 5-year survival was calculated by the Kaplan-Meier method. Results. COX-2 expression in primary lesions was higher in cases with lymph node metastasis than in those without lymph node metastasis. An increase in tumor size was associated with increased COX-2 expression. In most cases with lymph node metastasis, COX-2 expression was higher in metastatic lesions than in primary lesions. As COX-2 expression increased, the DNA-Topo IIα labeling index significantly increased and the overall 5-year survival rate decreased. Conclusion. Expression of COX-2 and DNA-Topo IIα were related to lymph node metastasis, cell proliferative activity, and overall 5-year survival rate in oral carcinoma. These enzymes may therefore be valuable diagnostic and prognostic indices in oral carcinoma. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Head Neck, 2007 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In recent years, overexpression of cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 protein and mRNA has been reported in various cancer tissues. Therefore, it has been suggested that COX-2 is related to carcinogenesis.Hamsters were treated by painting a buccal pouch with a 0.5% DMBA solution dissolved in acetone. Basal diet or diets containing 150, 500 and 1500 ppm of celecoxib, a selective COX-2 inhibitor, were givenad libitumto hamsters, and tumor development was observed.Immunohistochemical and Western blot analyses revealed that COX-2 expression was increased toward the carcinogenesis. Although all hamsters developed squamous cell carcinoma, the onset of tumor formation was delayed in a dose-dependent manner. Also, tumor growth was retarded and survived animals were increased in the group of celecoxib treatment. Histologically, administration of celecoxib increased the apoptotic cells in the tumor parenchyma and significantly inhibited the angiogenesis in the stroma.The COX-2 expression was increased during hamster cheek pouch chemical carcinogenesis. Administration of celecoxib demonstrated the chemopreventive potential against the carcinogenesis.J Oral Pathol Med(2004)33: 614–21 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Endovascular papillary angioendothelioma (EPA), known as Dabska tumor, is a very rare vascular neoplasm that usually occurs in the skin or subcutis of infants and young children. There is no previous report of EPA appearing in the oral cavity. Here, we present an exceptionally rare case of EPA of the tongue in a 67-year-old man. A well-defined, reddish tumor measuring 11 mm x 8 mm x 7 mm existed at the submucosal area of the left tongue margin. Microscopic examination of an excisional biopsy specimen revealed the endothelioid tumor cells showing a papillary growth pattern, such as blood vessel-like structures. Immunohistochemical studies showed positive reactivities for CD31, CD34, alpha-smooth muscle actin, and factor VIII-related antigen in most of the tumor cells and CD68 in some tumor cells. Based on these observations, the tumor was diagnosed as an EPA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We examined the immunohistochemical localization of cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 in human salivary gland tumors. Thirty salivary gland adenomas (SGA), 40 salivary gland carcinomas (SGC) and 15 normal salivary glands (NSG) were studied. NSG showed restricted COX-2 staining only in the epithelial cells of salivary ducts. In contrast, COX-2 protein was detected in 27 cases of SGA (90%), except for three myoepitheliomas, and in all cases of SGC (100%) at various intensities and in various fashions. Thirteen SGA (43%) and 36 SGC (90%) cases showed strong COX-2 staining predominantly in tumor cells containing ductal components, as did serous and mucous acinic components of acinic cell carcinomas, mucoepidermoid carcinomas and mucinous carcinomas. These findings may suggest that COX-2 in salivary gland tumors is expressed in tumor cells derived from pluripotential ductal epithelium that can histologically develop into either serous or mucinous acinar cells. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: A case of acute Wernicke's encephalopathy induced by thiamine deficiency due to malnutrition subsequent to chemoradiotherapy for tongue cancer is presented. A 63-year-old male patient had severe oral mucositis and mental stress in a long-term hospitalization for chemoradiotherapy of tongue cancer. After discharge from hospital, he had alcoholism and malnutrition. Three months later, disturbance of consciousness and ataxia followed by memory disturbance appeared. Laboratory examination revealed low serum level of thiamine. The symptoms, laboratory data, and magnetic resonance imaging suggested acute Wernicke's encephalopathy. The patient was intravenously administered thiamine and received nutritional control, thereby the symptoms were improved. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Presents the letter of reply to the comments made by Fumio Ide regarding oral endovascular papillary angioendothelioma or Dabska tumor of the tongue. Rejection of Ide's suggestion of the intravascular papillary endothelial hyperplasia (IPEH) as the pathological diagnosis; Confirmation of the diagnosis as an endovascular papillary angioendothelioma (EPA); Suggestion of the feasibility of the lesion in the case study as a mature form of IPEH instead of an EPA; Difference of opinions regarding the existence of of capsule in EPA; Importance of the glomerulus appearance on the histological feature of the EPA.