Search

In this study, the peptides of soy protein obtained by enzymatic digestion with proteases were analyzed for their antidiabetic, antihypertensive, and antioxidant activities. Peptides prepared with alkaline proteinase (AP) exhibited the highest α‐glucosidase inhibitory activity compared with those from papain and trypsin digestion. AP hydrolysates also exhibited dipeptidyl peptidase IV (DPP‐IV) inhibitory, angiotensin‐converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory, and antioxidant activities. Gastrointestinal digestion of peptides enhanced α‐glucosidase, DPP‐IV, and ACE inhibitory activities compared with AP hydrolysates. AP peptides showing highest α‐glucosidase inhibitory activity were purified by anion‐exchange and size‐exclusion chromatography， and identified using tandem MS. We found three novel α‐glucosidase inhibitory peptides with sequences LLPLPVLK, SWLRL, and WLRL with IC50 of 237.43 ± 0.52, 182.05 ± 0.74, and 162.29 ± 0.74 μmol/L, respectively. Therefore, peptides hydrolyzed from soy protein are promising natural ingredients for nutraceutical applications assisting in the management of diabetes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mountain-cultivated ginseng ( MCG) can be considered a mimic of wild ginseng, whose seeds are sowed artificially, cultivated in the natural environment, and returned to the wild state before being used clinically. Cultivated ginseng ( CG) and MCG are mainly used as the commercial material for clinical applications. However, MCG is much more expensive but effective than CG. The aim of this study is to explore the differences in the pharmacokinetics and brain concentration of Rg1, Re, Rb1, and Rd after oral administration of MCG, CG, and pure ginsenosides. An ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method was developed and validated to determine the concentration of the four ginsenosides in rat plasma and brain tissue. Compared with the pure group, the area under the curve ( AUC) of all the four ginsenosides for CG and MCG increased. The mean brain concentrations of the four ginsenosides were found to be 10- to 15-fold lower than the corresponding contents in the plasma, and the poor permeability of ginsenosides into blood-brain barrier was indicated by the low concentrations of the four ginsenosides. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]