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Background: Contact allergy and atopic dermatitis (AD) are both common inflammatory T cell‐mediated diseases and many factors may influence the prevalence of contact allergy in AD patients. In children, their possible correlation was debated with conflicting results. Objectives: The present study aimed to assess the prevalence of contact sensitivity in children and to investigate the association with AD. Materials and methods: A retrospective multicentre study on children aged from 0 to 14 years patch tested between January 2017 and December 2018 was performed. Children were consecutively patch tested with the SIDAPA (Società Italiana Dermatologia Allergologica Professionale Ambientale) baseline series. Results: Among the 432 children investigated for contact allergy, 125 (28.9%) showed a positive reaction to at least one of the allergens tested, with a higher prevalence of positive patch test reactions in girls (32.3%) than in boys (25.0%). The most frequent contact allergens were nickel sulphate (10.2%), cobalt chloride (6.7%), methylisothiazolinone (3.7%), fragrance mix‐2 (3.2%), potassium dichromate (2.8%), fragrance mix‐1 (2.1%) and methylchloroisothiazolinone/methylisothiazolinone (2.1%). One‐hundred‐three children (23.8%) suffered from AD showing a higher prevalence of positive patch test (36.9%) compared to children without AD (26.4%). Conclusions: Despite the topic being still controversial, the present study suggests a consistent prevalence of contact allergy among children with higher sensitivity rate among children with AD than without AD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Retronychia is an inflammatory disorder typical of the great toes characterized by arrested nail growth, ingrowth of the nail plate into the proximal nail fold and paronychia. There is no standardized treatment for retronychia, and its management should be weighed based on the severity stage, treatment modality, and clinical outcome. In this paper, a systematic review of the literature was performed to assess all published data regarding the treatment of retronychia. A total of 231 patients from 24 studies were included in the analysis. Conservative management was adopted in mild‐intermediate forms, consisting of medical (topical or intralesional high‐potency corticosteroids) and podiatric treatment (taping, clipping back the onycholytic plate, orthosis), leading to a global cure rate of 41.2%, with no reported side effects. Non‐conservative management, that is, chemical or surgical avulsion of the nail plate, proved resolutive in 71.2% of cases. Surgical avulsion of the nail plate produced the highest cure rate (78.2%), but was burdened by 9.6% of long‐term sequelae, mainly nail dystrophies. A decision‐making algorithm was designed to give clinicians treatment indications based on the severity stage of retronychia, treatment invasiveness, and possible clinical outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory dermatosis affecting 2%–3% of the general population. The link between psoriasis and renal dysfunction has been investigated, demonstrating a common pro‐inflammatory pathogenesis. This study is aimed at evaluating renal function in patients with moderate‐to‐severe chronic plaque psoriasis treated with biological therapy. We analyzed 92 patients, correlating PASI and serum creatinine levels at baseline, after 6 months and after 1 year of continuous treatment with biological therapy. Data were analyzed using paired t‐test and the linear mixed model for PASI and serum creatinine levels correlation, whereas the analysis of variances (ANOVA) was used for creatinine levels assessment between the baseline, the 6‐months and, 1‐year later evaluation. We observed a significant mean decrease in comparing serum creatinine levels after 1 year of biological therapy (p < 0.001). Interestingly, PASI reduction is correlated with creatinine decrease, and the renal function improvement is greater when complete psoriasis remission is attained. Our data suggest that a drop in systemic inflammation, secondary to biological therapy administration, might improve renal function. Future research is needed to confirm and expand our findings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Zusammenfassung: CALME steht für childhood asymmetry labium majus enlargement und bezeichnet eine physiologische, nichtneoplastische Schwellung des Weichteilgewebes der Labia majora. CALME wird durch die Vergrößerung einer oder mehrerer normaler vulvärer Gewebeanteile verursacht und weist keine äußere Kapsel auf. Vereinzelte Berichte in der Literatur haben das Augenmerk auf diese gutartige Veränderung gelenkt und die Notwendigkeit betont, invasive Eingriffe mit möglichen Dauerfolgen zu vermeiden. Die Ätiopathogenese von CALME ist nach wie vor umstritten, wobei die Hypothese einer hormonell bedingten stromalen Hyperplasie der großen Schamlippen gegenüber der Annahme eines gutartigen neoplastischen Prozesses favorisiert wird. Dieser Artikel zielt darauf ab, einen detaillierten Überblick über die klinischen, histologischen und apparativen Befunde bei CALME zu geben und einen abgestuften Algorithmus zur Herangehensweise und zum Management von genito‐inguinalen Geschwülsten bei pädiatrischen Patienten zu erstellen. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Summary: CALME is the abbreviation of "childhood asymmetry labium majus enlargement" and denotes a physiological, non‐neoplastic swelling of labium majus soft tissues. It is caused by the expansion of one or more normal vulvar tissue components and is devoid of a peripheral capsule. A few reports in the literature have raised awareness of this benign condition and stressed the need to avoid invasive procedures with possible permanent sequelae. The etiopathogenesis of CALME is still debated, although the hypothesis of a hormone‐driven major labia stromal hyperplasia is favored over the assumption of a benign neoplastic process. This article aims to provide a detailed review of the clinical, histological, and instrumental findings of CALME and provide a step‐based algorithm to approach and manage genito‐inguinal masses in pediatric patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The short anagen syndrome (SAS) is a rare idiopathic pediatric disorder characterized by the short duration of the anagen phase. SAS mainly affects Caucasian children. Parents complain of their child's inability to grow long hair. Topical minoxidil may be an effective treatment for SAS; however, a slow spontaneous improvement is typical. Objective: Our aim was to collect data on out cases of SAS and create an algorithm to facilitate diagnosis of SAS. Methods: A retrospective review of 25 patients with SAS was performed within the Dermatology Department of the University of Bologna. We collected data regarding symptoms, pull test, hair card test, trichoscopy, trichogram, treatments, including biotin and minoxidil, and clinical outcome. Results: Characteristic findings included parental reporting that the hair had not required a haircut, hair card test showing hairs with conical‐shaped tips, and hair shafts of different diameters, with more 10%‐20% of hair shafts less than 60 μm thick on trichoscopy. Trichogram revealed an increased percentage of telogen hair with normal hair shafts and tapering ends. The mean anagen‐to‐telogen ratio was 66:34 (normal ratio 90:10). Conclusion: We developed an algorithm to facilitate the diagnosis of this rare hair disease using clinical examination and invasive and non‐invasive testing to differentiate SAS from other forms of pediatric alopecia. In conclusion, the collected data of the therapy showed that biotin alone or in combination with topical minoxidil is an effective treatment for SAS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Terra firma‐forme dermatosis (TFFD) is an acquired pigmentation disorder that promptly regresses after applying isopropyl alcohol 70%. The clinical presentation ranges from patches of brownish discoloration to velvety hyperkeratotic plaques. Critical analyses of current data are lacking, so etiologies, pathogenesis, and disease associations are still debated in the literature. A literature search was done in the PubMed and Google Scholar databases to identify the published papers reporting clinical cases of TFFD. Of 102 papers screened, 64 met the including criteria. Overall, the records of 256 patients presenting a mean age of 18.34 years and a female:male ratio of 1:37 were reviewed. The present article aims to provide a key point‐summary regarding the clinical outcome, associated comorbidities, pathogenesis, histopathology, dermoscopy, and therapeutic modalities of TFFD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Retroareolar cysts are benign breast lesions caused by the obstruction and consequent dilatation of Montgomery tubercles. Herein, we report two cases of premenarchal girls who developed retroareolar cysts. Their course and differential diagnosis are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Few and small studies have described the management of immunomodulant/immunosuppressive therapies or phototherapy in atopic dermatitis (AD) patients during coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic. Methods: A national registry, named DA‐COVID‐19 and involving 35 Italian dermatology units, was established in order to evaluate the impact of COVID‐19 pandemic on the management of adult AD patients treated with systemic immunomodulant/immunosuppressive medications or phototherapy. Demographic and clinical data were obtained at different timepoints by teledermatology during COVID‐19 pandemic, when regular visits were not allowed due to sanitary restrictions. Disease severity was assessed by both physician‐ and patient‐reported assessment scores evaluating itch intensity, sleep disturbances, and AD severity. Results: A total of 1831 patients were included, with 1580/1831 (86.3%) continuing therapy during pandemic. Most patients were treated with dupilumab (86.1%, 1576/1831) that was interrupted in only 9.9% (156/1576) of cases, while systemic immunosuppressive compounds were more frequently withdrawn. Treatment interruption was due to decision of the patient, general practitioner, or dermatologist in 39.9% (114/286), 5.6% (16/286), and 30.1% (86/286) of cases, respectively. Fear of increased susceptibility to SARS‐CoV‐2 infection (24.8%, 71/286) was one of the main causes of interruption. Sixteen patients (0.9%) resulted positive to SARS‐CoV‐2 infection; 3 of them (0.2%) were hospitalized but no cases of COVID‐related death occurred. Conclusions: Most AD patients continued systemic treatments during COVID pandemic and lockdown period, without high impact on disease control, particularly dupilumab‐treated patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Palmo‐plantar lesions in discoid lupus erythematosus (DLE) can be considered a very distinct rarity, generally refractory to conventional treatments. We present a 47‐year‐old African female patient with a 6‐month clinical history of palm and soles erosions. Clinical examination revealed painful multiple, well defined, erosions with an erythematous and scaly central area and peripherical post‐inflammatory hyperchromic border bilaterally distributed on the palmo‐plantar surfaces. Pterygium inversum unguis involved all nails of both hands. Histological analysis and direct immunofluorescence study confirmed palmo‐plantar DLE. Therapy with mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) was initiated with a progressive clearing of palmo‐plantar lesions and a drastic reduction of pain. Therapy was well tolerated, neither side effects nor altered laboratory investigations were observed. Our case and literature review confirm that MMF may be an effective approach for the management of refractory palmo‐plantar DLE with a safer profile than Azathioprine regarding adverse effects and cutaneous malignancies risk. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal der Deutschen Dermatologischen Gesellschaft is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Summary: Background: Lentigo maligna (LM) and lentigo maligna‐melanoma (LMM) are histotypes of melanoma arising in skin with cumulative solar radiation damage. The extension of atypical melanocytes to the hair follicle (folliculotropism) is a histopathological feature of LM/LMM. Its role has not been totally clarified, but it may be correlated to treatment response in LM or to progression in LMM. Objective: This retrospective, multicentric study aims to identify dermatoscopic features associated with folliculotropism in LMs/LMMs. Patients and Methods: We analyzed cases of head and neck LMs/LMMs diagnosed between 2005–2014 at Melanoma Units, University of Bologna/Modena/Florence/Siena (Italy), Nice (France): 25 LMs and 73 LMMs were included. Results: Grey circles (44 %) indicated an isthmic/bulb level of involvement, which were completely absent in the infundibular LM lesions (P = 0.041). In the group of LMMs, light/dark brown pseudonetwork and light brown structureless areas were an indicator of diffuse distribution of malignant melanocytes in the follicular units (P < 0.001 and P = 0.001, respectively), while grey circles indicated focal or diffuse distribution (P < 0.001). Conclusions: A better understanding of the extension of malignant melanocytes is helpful, aiding clinicians in their decision to perform a radical excision or obtaining a biopsy in the most invasive area of the lesion, which includes potential folliculotropism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and objectives: Head and neck dermatitis (HND) is a clinical variant of atopic dermatitis (AD), presenting in adolescence or adulthood and characterized by involvement of the head, neck, and superior part of the trunk. The role of Malassezia spp has been advocated in the pathogenesis of HND, and antifungal agents represent the treatment of choice. Methods: A retrospective single‐center study was performed to define the clinical features and treatment response of HND among adolescent and adult patients. Results: Thirty‐one patients were identified, 17 with "adolescent‐onset" and 14 with "adult‐onset" HND. Adolescent‐onset HND positively correlated with a past history of AD and presented with exclusive head and neck involvement (P <.05). Adult‐onset HND was associated with concomitant widespread atopic eczema, involving the flexural areas of the upper and lower limbs, trunk, nipples, or hands (P <.05). A positive response to itraconazole in combination with topical treatments was observed in both groups. Conclusions: This study delineates two HND clinical phenotypes: adolescent vs adult onset. Different characteristics were observed in terms of relationship to AD and eczema localization. A history of AD in childhood and presentation with exclusive involvement of head and neck regions was observed predominantly in the adolescent‐onset form, while adult‐onset HND often occurred in association with diffuse dermatitis and a past history of AD was less frequent than in the adolescent group. The study is limited by the single‐center retrospective nature, which may lead to diagnostic and selection biases, and the small cohort of patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ibrutinib is a Burton tyrosine kinase inhibitor (BTKi) approved for the treatment of several hematologic malignancies. Analyze skin adverse events (SAE). All the patients treated with Ibrutinib featuring cutaneous adverse events were selected. Twenty five patients were retrieved with a median interval between Ibrutinib start and SAE time of onset of 120 days. Most common SAE observed involved hairs and nails. Eczematous reaction and leucocytoclastic vasculitis were also detected. One patient had a long‐history Ibrutinib treatment and experienced numerous cutaneous adverse events. Infective disease such as superficial mycosis and impetigo were rarely present in our series. Despite the development of cutaneous SAE, all the patients continued their concomitant drugs without the onset of any further SAE. Our data suggest Ibrutinib‐associated rash should be distinguished in early and late events and a careful dermatologic management of patients should be scheduled. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Despite of the emerging new systemic and local oncologic treatments (immunotherapy and checkpoint inhibitors, oncolytic viral treatments and injected immunostimulants) the management of skin melanoma metastasis can be still challenging. The main aim of this review was to assess the efficacy and the role of imiquimod in local metastatic melanoma disease. An extensive literature review was performed from September 2000 to March 2020 using PubMed, MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases. Selected articles regarded topical imiquimod, its mode of action as an antitumoral agent and its applications in melanoma metastases treatment. We analyzed a total of 18 published article of clinical cases and small case series and five studies: two retrospective large case series, two Phase I and II clinical trials and one cohort non randomized study. Generally, the treatment is safe and well tolerated. Imiquimod lead to an unstable locoregional control. The use of topical imiquimod for the treatment of MM cutaneous metastases should be considered in selected cases and in palliative settings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Nail tumors often pose a significant challenge for the clinician, as they are burdened by a high delay in diagnosis and paucity of clinical signs in the early stage. In most cases, the onset of pain or nail plate dystrophy leads to imaging investigations such as plain radiography, magnetic resonance imaging, and ultrasonography (US) when surgery is pending. Material and Methods: A 2‐year monocentric study evaluated the histologically confirmed cases of subungual glomus tumor (GT) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) with a pre‐surgical US assessment, and reviewed their sonography features. A total of 7 digital GTs and 6 SCCs of the nail were collected. Results: GT and SCC are easily distinguishable on US. Compared to SCC, GT was positively associated with an ovoid shape, well‐defined borders, bone cup‐scalloping without cortical erosion, and a rich intralesional vascular pattern (P < 0.05). Vice versa, SCC was significantly correlated with irregular shape, ill‐circumscribed margins, an infiltrative growth pattern with peripheral hypoechoic foci, posterior acoustic shadow, cortical erosion, and a highly vascular multipolar peripheral pattern (P < 0.05). Conclusion: The rapid assessment of GT and SCC sonographic features may contribute to reduce diagnostic delay, expedite management, and decrease the risk of surgical relapse. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Melorheostosis (MEL) is a rare benign bone disorder that can be associated with several anomalies, including vascular abnormalities, nevus sebaceus, unilateral nevoid telangiectasia, linear scleroderma and hypertrichosis. We report the case of a 6‐year‐old patient who showed an unusual co‐occurrence of bone hyperostosis and different skin lesions affecting the same side of the body: MEL, verrucous epidermal nevus, connective tissue nevus, linear scleroderma‐like disorder, hyperpigmentation and hypertrichosis. The spatial co‐occurrence of these conditions made us speculate as to whether they originated from a common genetic mechanism or if their co‐occurrence was completely accidental. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common variety of non‐melanoma skin cancer and its incidence is increasing worldwide. The centrofacial sites (area H) are considered a high‐risk factor for BCC local recurrence. Mohs micrographic surgery (MMS) is a technique that allows intraoperative microscopic control of the surgical margins and is a good treatment option when tissue conservation is required for esthetic or functional reasons or for high‐risk lesions. The present study aimed to evaluate the recurrence rate of head and neck high‐risk BCCs comparing MMS vs conventional surgical excision. Clinical data of patients diagnosed from September 2014 to March 2017, referring to the Dermatology Unit of the Policlinico Sant'Orsola‐Malpighi, University of Bologna, were retrospectively evaluated (285 treated with MMS and 378 treated with traditional surgery). Of the 285 patients treated with MMS, 9 experienced a recurrence (3.1%). Of the 378 patients treated with traditional surgery, 53 relapsed (14%), 13 of whom presented residual tumor on the deep or lateral margins of the main surgical specimen. Our study confirms the trend reported in the literature that MMS represents the best treatment option for high‐risk BCCs arising in the head and neck region or presenting as a recurrence (P <.00001). Many more MMS centers and more trained dermatologists are needed worldwide in order to deal with the increasing number of BCC diagnosed every year. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The use of biotechnological therapies for moderate‐to‐severe psoriasis is ever‐expanding and it is becoming increasingly more frequent to encounter different unforeseen events during their use, such as fertile patients becoming pregnant and breastfeeding, development of infections due to personal habits like tuberculosis, hepatitis B virus, hepatitis C virus, or HIV, scheduling of surgical procedures, need of vaccinations, development of malignancy, and evaluation of dose tapering. As any clinician may experience at least one of these unexpected events, it should be good practice to know how to manage them. Thus, a practical analysis has been proposed in this study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal der Deutschen Dermatologischen Gesellschaft is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Summary: Oral (OP) and nail (NP) pigmentations may occur simultaneously in physiological or pathological conditions, and may be a sign of underlying syndromic conditions that necessitate further investigation and treatment. Interestingly, the nail unit and oral cavity show a clinical parallelism that may help the clinician to conduct a correct examination and reach a prompt diagnosis. Both OP and NP can manifest clinically with focal or diffuse involvement and are due to external factors (exogenous pigmentation, drug‐induced pigmentation) or endogenous factors (racial pigmentation, post‐inflammatory pigmentation, nevi, genetic conditions and other disorders). The most concerning differential diagnosis is melanoma. Here we report the pathogenetic basis of OP and NP, together with the description of similar clinical features. To the best of our knowledge this is the first paper to summarize and describe the causes of pigmentation of both the oral cavity and the nail unit. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The hygiene hypothesis proposes that reduced exposure to infectious agents in early life would explain the increase of allergic and autoimmune diseases observed over the past decades in high‐income countries. Methods: We conducted a matched case‐control study on incident atopic dermatitis (AD). Cases were 426 outpatient children with a first diagnosis of incident AD. Controls were 426 children attending a pediatric/dermatological visit for nonatopic disorders matched to cases (1:1). Particular attention was paid to the time elapsed between the markers of microbial exposure and disease onset, and we considered for controls the same time window of exposures from birth as his/her matched case. Odds ratios (ORs) were computed using multivariable conditional logistic regression models, according to center, sex, age, and period of enrollment, and including as potential confounders a family history of any allergy in parents, type of delivery, having siblings, keeping pets, age at weaning, and having had ≥4 infections. Results: The OR of AD first occurrence was 0.35 (P‐value =.039) for children who had experienced ≥4 infections compared with those with no infections. A decreasing trend in risk was observed with increasing number of siblings (P‐value =.023), the protective effect reaching about 40% for children with 2 or more siblings (OR = 0.62; P‐value =.048). Pet keeping, in particular daily contact with dogs, was inversely associated with AD risk (OR = 0.40; P‐value =.004). Conclusions: These results support the hygiene hypothesis in its broad sense. Early‐life environmental exposures, including pathogens and commensals, act as "microbes contact carriers" influencing immune system balance early in life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) can sometimes affect the eyelids and in particular the eyelid margin, where it can often be misdiagnosed, mimicking other benign, more common diseases. Dermoscopy may provide additional diagnostic criteria for an earlier diagnosis of eyelid margin BCC, although the dermoscopic features of BCC affecting this anatomical site have seldom been reported. We highlight the peculiar presence of linear vessels perpendicular to the eyelid margin in BCCs of the eyelid margin. Our article represents the first report of these dermoscopic findings in a series of BCCs of the eyelid margin. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Summary: Background and objectives: In selected cases, conventional photodynamic therapy (C‐PDT) is a valid alternative to surgery for the treatment of basal cell carcinoma (BCC). However, it is limited to superficial BCCs. Pretreatment of BCCs with ablative lasers may enhance its efficacy. We evaluated the C‐PDT and CO2 laser combination therapy for the treatment of superficial and nodular BCCs. Patients and methods: In this prospective, interventional, monocentric study, patients affected by BCC were treated with CO2 laser therapy, using a continuous superpulsed CO2 laser for nodular BCCs and a fractional CO2 laser for superficial BCCs. All patients were subsequently treated with photodynamic therapy using methyl aminolevulinate cream and an Aktilite CL128® (Galderma) lamp. Results: 32 patients (20 males, 12 females) aged from 45 to 96 years (with a total of 181 BCCs) were treated using a CO2 laser combined with C‐PDT. A 100 % cure rate was achieved at three months, with no signs of relapse in 97.2 % of the cases during the mean follow‐up period (10.7 months, range 4 to 18 months). We observed mild adverse reactions and good aesthetic results. Conclusions: We recommend this combination therapy in selected cases, based on its high efficacy, good aesthetic results and few side effects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal der Deutschen Dermatologischen Gesellschaft is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

In this article, we report the sonographic features of vaccination granulomas in three children sensitized to aluminum. Although the recognition of the vaccination granuloma relies on the clinical examination, misdiagnosis is frequent, leading to distressful procedures or prolonged antibiotic administration. In all our cases, sonography revealed a teardrop‐shaped echogenic central structure, suggesting the deposition of aluminum crystals along the route of administration with consequent subcutaneous degenerative changes, and a surrounding hypoechoic cap, which reflects the changeable inflammatory reaction and the granuloma formation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Erosive pustular dermatosis of the scalp is a slowly progressive chronic inflammatory disease that predominantly affects elderly male patients with marked actinic damage. The clinical evolution consists firstly of keratotic and erosive plaques surmounted by yellow‐brown crusts and non‐follicular pustules; later, the active crusting lesions regress in number and the scarring process causes diffuse cutaneous thinning and loss of hair follicles. However, manifestations may be atypical, leading to frequent misdiagnosis. We present a case series of post‐traumatic erosive pustular dermatosis on the scalp of 4 elderly patients. The characterising feature was the presence of erosion consisting of abundant hypergranulation tissue, with an almost total lack of crusts and pustules. Dermoscopy showed a unique pattern of stretched and dilated linear, telangiectatic and polymorphous on‐focus vessels, milky‐red areas and white scarring areas. This clinical entity is rarely reported in the literature. The majority of reported cases were located on the legs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Plaque‐like myofibroblastic tumor is a rare and benign pediatric soft tissue tumor. It presents as a slowly growing plaque reaching several centimeters in diameter, made up of multiple nodules. The clinical and histological features of this benign entity are similar to other fibrohistiocytic or myofibroblastic tumors occurring in childhood, so the diagnosis can be difficult. The correlation between clinical data, histopathology, and immunohistochemistry is necessary for the correct diagnosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Summary: Background: Recently, platelet‐rich plasma (PRP) injection has been proposed as a potential adjuvant therapy to treat androgenetic alopecia. Aims: Investigate the efficacy, tolerability, and clinical improvement of PRP for the treatment of female AGA. Patients/Methods: A total of 10 female patients affected by AGA and not responding to treatment with minoxidil and/or oral antiandrogens were enrolled. The clinical improvement was evaluated by pull test, global photographs, and Trichoscan at weeks 9, 12, and 24, and hair measurements were performed at baseline and 12 and 24 weeks after the first session. Results: After 24 weeks, the median relative percentage change (%RC) for all the parameters of hair density was mostly positive. After 12 weeks, the medium hair diameter in frontal area showed a significant increase (%RD = 12.5, with P‐value < .05), and after 24 weeks (%RD = 14.6, P‐value < .05), the vellus relative change instead showed a decrease, especially in the front and the central area, while for the vertex, the decrease was mainly visible at the end (−6.6%). No adverse events were reported. Conclusion: Platelet‐rich plasma injections have a positive therapeutic effect on hair density and hair diameter improvement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Keywords: cutaneous tattoo reactions; non-invasive; optical coherence tomography; red dye; tattoo EN cutaneous tattoo reactions non-invasive optical coherence tomography red dye tattoo 469 471 3 05/20/21 20210501 NES 210501 Among the broad spectrum of cutaneous adverse reactions to tattoos, those associated with the use of the red dye have been increasingly characterized. Histopathology from a skin biopsy proved a dermal band-like lymphocytic infiltrate; immunohistochemistry staining was performed revealing prominent T-cell infiltrate, of reactive lymphocytes (Figure 1G-H). Red dye-related tattoo reactions: Could optical coherence tomography be of help?. [Extracted from the article]

Microsporum gypseum is a geophilic saprophyte for which soil is the natural habitat. Tinea corporis caused by Microsporum gypseum is rare and usually occurs after direct contact with the soil or healthy carrier animals. We present a case series of eight children with tinea corporis caused by M gypseum, with unusual clinic presentations mimicking dermatitis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Congenital fibrous hamartoma of the tip of the tongue, a peculiar and novel entity, consists of one or two asymptomatic pearly or yellowish nodules, not exceeding 0.5 cm in maximum diameter, at the tip of the tongue, ventrally or dorsally. Unlike other localizations, congenital fibrous hamartoma of the tip of the tongue is not associated with cleft lip or palate, or with feeding problems. Surgical excision should be avoided, reserved only for dubious cases, since the lesions are benign and stable over time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Dear Editor, Lymphomatoid papulosis (LyP) is an uncommon cutaneous T-cell lymphoproliferative disorder included in the spectrum of primary cutaneous CD-30 positive T-cell lymphomas by the World Health Organization in 2008.1 It is rare among adults and even rarer among children, in whom it is probably underestimated because of the limited number of lesions and its almost spontaneous resolution.2 It has a good medium-term prognosis, with a 10-year survival rate close to 100%, despite an increased risk, in adulthood, to develop a secondary malignant lymphoma.3 It is clinically characterized by recurrent, sometimes ulcerous and/or necrotic papular and/or nodular lesions, mostly located on the trunk and limbs. This was slightly in contrast with the previous systematic review of 251 cases of LyP in children of Wieser I et al i ,6 where LyP lesions presented as erythematous papules and nodules. Lesions were predominantly located on the trunk and limbs; one patient showed lesions on the face, whereas genital involvement was seen in another child. [Extracted from the article]