Search

A neutrophil-lymphocyte ratio above 3.0, a known predictor of worse outcome in cancer patients, showed a trend towards being correlated with worse prognosis in DLBCL patients, but this was less evident for HL patients. Here, NETs were measured in plasma from patients with DLBCL and Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL), and correlated to blood counts and clinical outcome of the patients. EXPLORING THE POTENTIAL CORRELATION BETWEEN NEUTROPHIL EXTRACELLULAR TRAPS AND PROGNOSIS IN PATIENTS WITH DIFFUSE LARGE B-CELL LYMPHOMA AND HODGKIN'S LYMPHOMA. [Extracted from the article]

Investigations of host preferences in haematophagous insects, including Culicoides biting midges (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae), are critical in order to assess transmission routes of vector-borne diseases. In this study, we collected and morphologically identified 164 blood-engorged Culicoides females caught in both light traps and permanent 12-m high suction traps during 2008-2010 in Sweden. Molecular analysis of the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) gene in the biting midges was performed to verify species classification, discern phylogenetic relationships and uncover possible cryptic species. Bloodmeal analysis using universal vertebrate cytochrome b primers revealed a clear distinction in host selection between mammalophilic and ornithophilic Culicoides species. Host sequences found matches in horse ( n = 59), sheep ( n = 39), cattle ( n = 26), Eurasian elk ( n = 1) and 10 different bird species ( n = 18). We identified 15 Culicoides species previously recorded in Scandinavia and four additional species haplotypes that were distinctly different from the described species. All ornithophilic individuals ( n = 23) were caught exclusively in the suction traps, as were, interestingly, almost all mammalophilic species ( n = 41), indicating that many biting midge species may be able to cover long distances after completing a bloodmeal. These results add new information on the composition of Culicoides species and their host preferences and their potential long-distance dispersal while blood-engorged. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We studied survival, growth and morphological characters in the offspring of native hatchery and wild-born anadromous brown trout ( Salmo trutta) and their hybrids (wild-born female × hatchery male and wild-born male × hatchery female) in a 1-year field experiment. We also conducted laboratory studies where we examined social interactions between the offspring of the same hatchery and wild-born trout. All offspring were raised in a hatchery and nose tagged before being released into the stream. In total, 1125 individuals were released into the stream (1999) and a total of 614 individuals were recovered (2000). We found no differences in growth and survival between the offspring of hatchery, wild-born and hybrid trout. Morphology was also similar among groups, where only 38% females and 36% males were classified into the right category, which were only 12% better than random classification. In the laboratory experiment, we compared only the offspring of hatchery and wild-born trout with respect to growth, dominance, aggressiveness, feeding and activity. We found small differences between the offspring of hatchery and wild-born fish with respect to growth but this effect was not found in the field experiment. Our result suggests that the offspring of hatchery trout and hybrids between hatchery and wild-born trout performed equally well to the offspring of wild-born trout. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract. Tryggvason K, Pettersson E (Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden). Causes and consequences of proteinuria: the kidney filtration barrier and progressive renal failure (Review). J Intern Med 2003; 254: 216–224. The past few years have witnessed a major breakthrough in the understanding of the molecular mechanisms and ultrastructural changes behind the development of proteinuria. The discovery of several proteins in the glomerular podocyte and slit diaphragm, where mutations lead to disease, has revealed the importance of this cell with its diaphragm as the major filtration barrier as opposed to the glomerular basement membrane (GBM) previously ascribed this function. Furthermore, accumulating clinical as well as experimental evidence points to the harmful effects of proteinuria, irrespective of the original damage. The purpose of this review is to shed light on what we know today about the two sides of this ‘coin’, the causes and the consequences of proteinuria. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Clinical Periodontology is the property of Wiley-Blackwell and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The effect of citric acid conditioning of roots on the formation of a new connective tissue attachment was evaluated in the presence of a selective cell population. Fenestration wounds of standard size made on the buccal aspects of mandibular premolars in 6 beagle dogs. The exposed root surfaces were curetted thoroughly and conditioned with citric acid (experimental) or distilled water (controls) for 3 minutes. The wounds were covered with Millipore filters to facilitate population of curetted root surfaces by cells from the adjacent periodontal ligament. Histologic analysis was made after 3 months of healing. The extent of new connective tissue attachment varied in both the experimental and control specimens. The percentage of surgically denuded root surface showing new cementum with inserting fibers was significantly lower in the experimental group compared with the controls. Root resorption was seen in both experimental and control specimens but involved a significantly larger percentage of denuded root surface in the experimental specimens. Ankylosis occurred more frequently in the experimental group compared with the controls, While no difference was seen in the degree of bone regeneration. The results indicate that new connective tissue attachment can form on denuded root surfaces by a selective cell population. Citric acid conditioning of roots appears to either delay or complicate healing in the presence of a selective cell population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present study examined the healing following implantation of partially-demineralized roots in palatal connective tissues in beagle dogs. The maxillary second premolars were extracted, the roots planed thoroughly, superficially demineralized in citric acid (PH1) and implanted as pairs in palatal connective tissues. Histologic examination was made after 3 months of healing. Transverse sections revealed three types of healing at the root-soft tissue interface: connective tissue encapsulation/adhesion, root resorption and ankylosis. New cementum and inserting oriented fibers were not seen in any of the specimens examined. In the present wound model, partial demineralization of roots with citric acid does not appear to promote connective tissue attachment in vivo. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Highlights the goals of a labor-management agreement signed by the central employers' and workers' organizations in Sweden in April 1966. Enhancement of the role of works councils; Function of the works council; Establishment of a top-level joint council.

Children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are at increased risk of problematic alcohol and other substance use in adolescence. This study used data from an ongoing, prospective, population-based twin study of Swedish children and adolescents to evaluate the extent to which the association between ADHD symptoms and alcohol problems reflects a unique source of genetic or environmental risk related to ADHD versus a broader predisposition to youth externalizing behavior. We used all available data from same-sex monozygotic (MZ) and dizygotic (DZ) twins on ADHD symptoms in childhood (age 9/12; N = 15,549) and alcohol problems in late adolescence (age 18; N = 2,564). Consistent with prior longitudinal studies, the phenotypic association between hyperactive/impulsive ADHD symptoms and alcohol problems was small in magnitude, whereas the association for inattentive symptoms was even weaker. Additive genetic influences explained 99.8% of the association between hyperactive/impulsive symptoms and alcohol problems. Furthermore, we found that the genetic risk specifically associated with hyperactive/impulsive symptoms was attenuated when estimated in the context of externalizing behavior liability during childhood, of which ADHD symptoms were specific expressions. In sensitivity analyses exploring hyperactivity in mid-adolescence, we found a similar pattern of genetic associations. These results are consistent with previous findings of genetically driven overlap in the etiology of ADHD and problematic alcohol use. At least some of this co-occurrence may result from a general predisposition to externalizing behaviors in youth. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc., Competing Interests: Henrik Larsson has served as a speaker for Eli-Lilly and Shire and has received a research grant from Shire, all outside the submitted work., (© 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.)

Studies suggest associations between childhood autistic traits and adolescent psychotic experiences. However, recent research suggests that a general neuropsychiatric problems factor predicts adverse outcomes better than specific diagnostic entities. To examine if the alleged association between autistic traits and psychotic experiences could rather be explained by a general neuropsychiatric problems factor comprising symptoms of ADHD, tic disorder, developmental coordination disorder, and learning disorder, we conducted a prospective cohort study based on the Child and Adolescent Twin Study in Sweden. In addition, we examined the genetic and environmental influences on the associations. A total of 9,282 twins with data on childhood autistic traits and other neuropsychiatric problems, and follow-up data on psychotic experiences at ages 15 and/or 18 years were included. First, psychotic experiences were regressed on autistic traits and second, the general neuropsychiatric problems factor was added to the model. Auditory hallucinations were analyzed separately from the other psychotic experiences. Finally, twin analyses were employed to disentangle genetic from environmental influences in the observed associations. Replicating prior research, significant associations were found between autistic traits in childhood and auditory hallucinations at ages 15 and 18. However, after controlling for the general neuropsychiatric problems factor, the associations between autistic traits and auditory hallucinations disappeared, whereas the association between the general neuropsychiatric problems factor and auditory hallucinations persisted after controlling for autistic traits. Twin analyses revealed that the association between the general neuropsychiatric problems factor and auditory hallucinations was driven by shared genetic influences. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc., (© 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.)

In organisms with a soma-germ demarcation, the germline must be 'preserved' such that harmful damage is not transmitted to the offspring. Keeping the progeny free of damage may be achieved by gametes enjoying elevated, and/or more functional, homeostatic maintenance systems. This possibility was approached here by testing whether the soma and maturating oocytes (eggs) dissected from female Drosophila melanogaster in reproductive ages display differential capacities for protein quality control and whether these capacities change during aging and mating. Eggs exhibited a high capacity to prevent protein aggregation, strong capacity for 26S proteasome-dependent degradation and reduced levels of oxidatively damaged (carbonylated) proteins compared to the soma. The capacity to prevent protein aggregation was not affected in either soma or eggs by age and/or mating, while the 26S proteasome capacity declined in the soma but was maintained in the eggs of aged females. However, the levels of carbonylated proteins increased with age in both soma and eggs, and this increase was more pronounced in females allowed to mate continuously. Furthermore, the levels of carbonylated proteins in the eggs of mated flies correlated negatively with the propensity of the eggs to develop into an adult fly. In young flies, mating caused a decrease in 26S proteasome capacity and an increase in protein carbonylation in the soma, but not in the eggs. These results are in line with trade-off theories of aging where aging is considered a consequence of investment in reproduction over somatic maintenance., (© 2012 The Authors. Aging Cell © 2012 Blackwell Publishing Ltd/Anatomical Society of Great Britain and Ireland.)

The present study was designed to test the hypothesis that during regeneration of cementum, the progenitor cells from periodontal ligament must come in contact with root dentin in order to differentiate into cementoblasts. After reflecting mucoperiosteal flaps, fenestration wounds were made in the buccal cortical plates of mandibular canines in 6 beagle dogs. The exposed root surfaces were curretted to remove all cementum. The exposed root surface on one side was demineralized with citric acid while the contralateral wound had saline treatment. The exposed root surfaces were then dried and pieces of Nuclepore membrane (pore size 0.1 mu) were attached to part of the exposed root surface to prevent contact of progenitor cells with root dentin. The fenestration wounds were then covered with Millipore filter to facilitate the population of wounds by progenitor cells from the periodontal ligament. Histologic analysis was performed after 3 months of healing. In specimens where the Nuclepore membrane had remained attached to root dentin, no new cementum was seen over the membrane. At the borders of the wounds and in specimens where the Nuclepore membrane had detached from root dentin, new connective tissue attachment was consistently seen. Also, root resorption was very rarely observed in both the acid-treated and control specimens. The present findings suggest that contact with root dentin may be necessary for progenitor cell differentiation into formative cells like cementoblasts.

The present experiment was undertaken to study the repopulation of curetted root surfaces by fibroblast-like cells in experimental periodontal wounds. 6 beagle dogs were used. After reflecting mucoperiosteal flaps, fenestration wounds were made through the buccal cortical plate exposing roots of maxillary canines in 6 beagle dogs. Exposed root surfaces were curetted to remove cementum and periodontal ligament. On 1 side, the exposed root surface was conditioned with citric acid (pH 1) for 3 min while the contralateral root was treated with distilled water. Millipore filters were placed over the wounds to prevent flap connective tissues from contacting the exposed root surface. Histometric analysis was made 10 days after wounding. Fibroblast-like cells were seen migrating into the fenestration space and were primarily aligned along the root surface. Cell densities measured at the borders and central part of the wound showed significantly lower values (p less than 0.01 and p less than 0.05) in acid-conditioned wounds compared to controls. No significant difference in cell density was noted between the borders and central part of the wound in the acid-conditioned group. In the controls, the cell density at the borders was significantly greater than at the center, suggesting active cell migration from the borders. The present findings suggest that citric acid conditioning of root dentin may result in a low cell density during the early stages of healing in experimental periodontal wounds.