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This paper is concerned with a two-dimensional inverse phase change problem of particular importance to the analysis and design of welding processes. Specifically, a deforming finite-element technique is proposed to calculate the change of phase interface location in two-dimensional melting problems from temperature measurements at points inside the solid phase. The method is based on a minimization of the error between the measured and modelled temperatures at the sensor locations. It contains smoothing in time by utilizing future temperature data to calculate current values of the interface location as well as spatial smoothing. Several two-dimensional examples are presented to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed numerical model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new moving/deforming FEM analysis of two-dimensional phase change problems is presented. The region occupied by the solid phase is divided into a non-moving element region and a moving region consisting of the finite elements next to the freezing interface. A transfinite mapping method is used to generate new finite-element meshes and motion in the liquid phase during simulations. Several two-dimensional Stefan problems are analysed and discussed in relation to analytical solutions and other numerical techniques. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]