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Based on a hybrid steepest‐descent method and a splitting method, we propose a variable metric iterative algorithm, which is useful in computing the elastic net solution. A solution theorem is established in the framework of Hilbert spaces. Numerical results are conducted on the signal processing to demonstrate the capacity and effectiveness of our algorithm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nanostructures are the building blocks of future nanodevices and thus methods for fabricating nanostructures of various materials in various forms are fundamentally important. Among those nanostructures ZnO has received much attention over the past few years due to the wide range of research by many different groups focused on different novel nanostructures with different properties. Although ZnO nanowires have been intensively studied, there are only a few methods that showed promising characteristics for practical applications. Without much effort, it can be grown in many different nanostructure forms, thus allowing various novel devices to be achieved. In this study, we intend to review those methods that enable nanostructure growth to be more controllable and feasible for applications. The methods for fabricating ZnO nanostructures are introduced in the first part. In the second part, the application of those nanostructures are mentioned and explained. Finally, the future realization of nanodevices is discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Multilayer transparent conductive oxide (TCO) thin films of three alternative layers ZnO/Ag/ZnO (named as ZAZ) have been used for the fabrication of nanowire based solar cells. Multilayer transparent conductive ZAZ films were grown using RF and dc sputtering method for deposition of ZnO and Ag layers simultaneouly. Nanowire ZnO was grown on this TCO using chemical bath deposition (CBD). These nanowire solar cells on the ZAZ coating yielded an overall cell efficiency of 3.41% at one sun light intensity. The dye sensitization process with the low cost mercurochrome is sensitive in this case of ZnO based multilayer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]