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This paper proposes, a novel soft‐switching bidirectional direct current to direct current (DC–DC) converter based on switched‐capacitor and coupled‐inductor. The proposed converter has a simple structure and utilizes four switches and a three‐winding coupled inductor and can achieve a high voltage conversion ratio in both step‐up/step‐down operations. By employing the switched‐capacitor technique, voltage stress across the power switches is low and therefore low voltage rating switches can be adopted to reduce the losses of their conduction. Soft‐switching characteristic of the proposed converter reduces the switching loss of active power switches and raises the conversion efficiency. This paper presents theoretical analysis for all operating modes of the converter, voltage conversion ratio, voltage and current stresses of all power switches. Finally, to test the validity of theoretical results and demonstrate the performance of the converter, experimental results are provided. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper proposes a switched Z‐source inverter with high voltage gain and low current stress on elements. Also, a new switching method corresponding to the proposed topology is introduced. This method is based on the usual Maximum Constant Boost (MCB) method. Hence, it has the advantages of the MCB method, such as low voltage stress on the inverter switches and high voltage gain. Also, eliminating part of the inverter's switching in this modulation method improves the inverter's efficiency. In addition to the Shoot‐Through (ST) duty cycle, another variable (N) affects the inverter's boost factor in this switching method. The proposed inverter's dynamic analysis shows that introducing N in the modulation method improved the dynamic characteristic of the inverter. Also, this variable as a control input can stabilize the dc side of the inverter in the closed‐loop control of the inverter. For the proposed topology, steady‐state analysis, dynamic analysis, elements design and efficiency calculation are performed. Also, the proposed topology is compared with the conventional topologies regarding boost factor, the number of elements, current stress on elements and efficiency to show its superiority. Finally, the experimental results are presented to verify theoretical discussions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper introduces a multi‐objective optimal design for an axial magnetic gear (AMG). In this study, the condition for high torque density and low cogging torque was deduced while the cost of the active materials was also reduced. The number and direction of permanent magnets and their arrangement were unchanged in the optimisation process, and the considered AMG's main dimensions were optimised using the particle swarm optimisation method. The optimised AMG was compared with the latest and similar structures with a relatively high torque density. To extract the produced torque density and cogging torque, three‐dimensional (3D) finite element analyses were conducted. The results showed that while torque density increased and cogging torque decreased, the total volume and magnetic materials used decreased significantly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A high step‐up/high‐efficiency converter is one of the essential requirements of a low power grid‐connected photovoltaic system that provides the maximum power point tracking ability and injects the low voltage extracted power to AC or DC distribution network. This study presents a common‐ground non‐isolated high‐gain DC/DC converter whit a naturally wide range of soft‐switching conditions. The proposed converter has two resonant loops, and a new simple structure consists of an active switch, three diodes, two inductors and two capacitors, work in two useful operation modes. In the optimum operation mode (OOM), the switch turns on/off in zero current switching (ZCS)/zero voltage switching condition, and at the sub‐OOM, the switch turns on in ZCS condition and turns off in hard switching condition. The mathematical analysis and MATLAB/SIMULINK simulation results are described in detail. Also, a prototype 100 W converter is built and tested to validate the simulation analysis on a 100 W photovoltaic panel. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, a new multi-input high step-up inverter, based on isolated soft-switching DC-DC converter blocks is proposed. Each of these blocks can provide zero-voltage and zero-current switching for its semiconductors, which improve power efficiency. The interesting feature of this DC-DC converter is using bidirectional switches to generate both positive and negative output voltage levels in each DC-DC block with an appropriate control scheme. Each DC-DC converter operates by simple pulse width modulation control through fixed frequency and has two degrees of freedom, which provide the capability of output voltage regulation or maximum power point tracking. The proposed inverter consists of the cascaded connection of these DC-DC converters at their output terminal. This inverter can operate with high voltage gain, where the output voltage of each DC-DC converter is regulated. Furthermore, it can generate more output voltage levels with less number of DC-DC blocks. All these advantages make the proposed inverter suitable for photovoltaic power conditioning systems. In this study, the theoretical analysis with steady-state waveforms, design constraints, resonant tank analysis and comparison study are given. Then, experimental results of both the proposed inverter and its DC-DC blocks are presented. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A simple structure and a quick and robust response of the direct torque control (DTC) makes it attractive in ac drives. However, in sensorless applications, a precise estimation of the rotor speed is a crucial issue as along with the torque and flux estimation. In this paper an adaptive flux observer is introduced with a stator current and flux vector components as state variables and rotor speed as an unknown parameter which is estimated by using an adaptive scheme. A non-linear inverter model is proposed to obtain a more accurate response. Also, torque, flux and current pulsations, during the steady-state conditions, are considered as the disadvantages of the classical DTC method. A combined DTC and space vector modulation strategy is presented by using fuzzy logic control (FLC). FLCs are designed to obtain a fast response in the transients, and a high accuracy during the steady-state conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]