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Thermal insulation materials can provide thermal protection in extreme environments. Ceramic fibers have played an important role in the thermal protection field at high temperatures due to the advantages of low density, high strength, low thermal conductivity, and excellent thermal stability. In this work, high entropy (Y0.2Sm0.2Gd0.2Er0.2Ho0.2)3NbO7 (5RE3NbO7) nanofibers were fabricated by electrospinning and subsequent calcination. Defective fluorite‐structured 5RE3NbO7 nanofibers were obtained when heated at 900°C. The research indicates that 5RE3NbO7 nanofiber based porous ceramics present an ultralow thermal conductivity (0.0992 W/m·K, porosity of 78.18%), good thermal stability, and high spectral reflectance, which establish the foundation for applications in thermal insulation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Summary: Sleep is vital for children's early socio‐emotional development, particularly empathy. This study aimed to explore the associations between sleep and empathy in young preschoolers. A sample of 23,259 preschoolers (4.3 ± 0.3 years) at the entry year of preschool was recruited as part of the Shanghai Children's Health, Education and Lifestyle Evaluation‐Preschool (SCHEDULE‐P) study. Caregivers reported on child sleep, affective empathy, and cognitive empathy through the Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire and the Griffith Empathy Measure. Ordinary least‐square regression and quantile regression were performed for the associations between sleep and empathy. Sex differences were also investigated. Night sleep duration was negatively associated with affective empathy (β = −0.35, p < 0.001), and positively associated with cognitive empathy (β = 0.41, p < 0.001). Longer nap duration was associated with higher affective empathy (β = 0.28, p < 0.001). Sleep disturbances were positively associated with affective empathy (β = 0.04, p < 0.001) and negatively associated with cognitive empathy (β = −0.09, p < 0.001). These associations were generally stronger in children at higher empathy quantiles and also those at the 10th cognitive empathy quantile. The associations between sleep and affective empathy were mainly contributed by girls, and were more common in boys in terms of cognitive empathy, particularly at the 10th and the 30th quantiles. In conclusion, longer night sleep duration and fewer sleep disturbances are associated with a more mature empathy pattern in young preschoolers. The associations are more prominent in children at the higher end of the empathy spectrum, and vary by sex. These findings highlight the importance to promote sleep health in young children for optimal socio‐emotional development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A novel continuous flow method for the methoxylation of chloronitrobenzenes was developed. The reaction went smoothly and high yields were achieved under the optimized conditions. Furthermore, up to 76% yield of azoxybenzenes were obtained from the corresponding nitrobenzenes in the presence of NaOH in continuous flow. Compared to batch conditions, the reaction time was significantly shortened, and the chemical waste was reduced obviously. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A novel method for the regioselective C2-chlorination of heterocyclic N-oxides has been developed. PPh3/Cl3CCN were used as chlorinating reagents and the desired N-heterocyclic chlorides were obtained smoothly in satisfactory yields. The reactions proceeded in a highly efficient and selective manner across a broad range of substrates demonstrating excellent functional group tolerance. In addition, this chlorination reaction can be used for the modification of N-heterocyclic scaffolds of appealing ligands and pharmaceuticals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents chemical equations related to the article "Regioselective Chlorination of Quinoline N-Oxides and Isoquinoline N-Oxides Using PPh3/Cl3CCN" by K. Qiao and others, published in the periodical "European Journal of Organic Chemistry" in 2016.