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In recent years, perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have attracted significant attention due to their excellent photoelectric properties. However, several key performance parameters of these devices still fall short of their theoretical limits. Among these parameters, the regulation of open‐circuit voltage (VOC) has been a focal point of intensive research efforts, playing a pivotal role in advancing the efficiency of PSCs. This review first provides an overview of the generation and loss mechanism of VOC. It then discusses the significance of interface engineering in VOC regulation. Recent developments in high‐efficiency PSCs realized via interface engineering have been summarized and categorized into three key areas: surface modification, interface structure optimization, and surface dimensional engineering. Finally, a comprehensive summary of past research in this domain and offered insights into the future prospects of enhancing VOC in PSCs is provided. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Protein arginine methyltransferase (PRMT) plays essential roles in tumor initiation and progression, but its underlying mechanisms in the treatment sensitivity of endometrial cancer (EC) remain unclear and warrant further investigation. Here, a comprehensive analysis of the Cancer Genome Atlas database and Clinical Proteomic Tumor Analysis Consortium database identifies that PRMT3 plays an important role in EC. Specifically, further experiments show that PRMT3 inhibition enhances the susceptibility of EC cells to ferroptosis. Mechanistically, PRMT3 interacts with Methyltransferase 14 (METTL14) and is involved in its arginine methylation. In addition, PRMT3 inhibition‐mediated METTL14 overexpression promotes methylation modification via an m6A‐YTHDF2‐dependent mechanism, reducing Glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) mRNA stability, increasing lipid peroxidation levels, and accelerating ferroptosis. Notably, combined PRMT3 blockade and anti‐PD‐1 therapy display more potent antitumor effects by accelerating ferroptosis in cell‐derived xenograft models. The specific PRMT3 inhibitor SGC707 exerts the same immunotherapeutic sensitizing effect in a patient‐derived xenograft model. Notably, blocking PRMT3 improves tumor suppression in response to cisplatin and radiation therapy. Altogether, this work demonstrates that PRMT3 depletion is a promising target for EC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The performance of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) is negatively affected by iodine (I2) impurities generated from the oxidation of iodide ions in the perovskite precursor powder, solution, and perovskite films. In this study, the use of potassium formate (HCOOK) as a reductant to minimize the presence of detrimental I2 impurities is presented. It is demonstrated that HCOOK can effectively reduce I2 back to I− in the precursor solution as well as in the devices under external conditions. Furthermore, the introduced formate anion (HCOO−) and alkali metal cation (K+) can reduce the defect density within the perovskite film by modulating perovskite growth and passivating electronic defects, significantly prolonging the carrier lifetime and reducing the J–V hysteresis. Consequently, the maximum efficiency of the HCOOK‐doped planar n–i–p PSCs reaches 23.8%. After 1000 h of operation at maximum power point tracking under continuous 1 sun illumination, the corresponding encapsulated devices retain 94% of their initial efficiency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A giant ascending aortic aneurysm associated with a ruptured sinus of Valsalva is rare. A 53‐year‐old male patient successfully underwent Bentall procedure after multimodality imaging which enable the correct diagnosis to be established and intraoperative transesophageal echocardiography provides additional information on the surgical planning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Inorganic perovskite solar cells (I‐PSCs) have attracted great attention due to the high thermal stability of inorganic perovskites versus the organic–inorganic perovskites. To ensure the thermal stability of I‐PSCs, using effective and stable inorganic charge‐transporting layers (CTLs) to replace organic ones is quite desirable. The use of low‐temperature‐prepared inorganic CTLs can also lower the total cost of I‐PSCs. Herein, a general strategy to prepare high‐quality inorganic nanoparticles‐based electron transport layers (ETLs) below 70 °C by ligand exchange on top of inorganic perovskites is developed. The ETLs possess a suitable energy‐level structure, favorable conductivity, and chemical stability. Furthermore, all‐inorganic CTLs‐based CsPbI2Br I‐PSCs with p–i–n architecture are fabricated without using any thermally unstable organic components. Consequently, the as‐fabricated I‐PSCs based on CdS ETLs yielded the highest power conversion efficiency (PCE) of up to 15.04%, among the most efficient CsPbI2Br inverted PSCs. Inspiringly, the unencapsulated all‐layer‐inorganic PSCs present outstanding stabilities, which maintained 94.8% and 95.2% of their initial PCEs after aging at 85 °C in the dark and operating under continuous light illumination at 45 °C for 480 h in N2 atmosphere, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a common joint disease that mainly affects the diarthrodial joints. Treatments for OA include non‐pharmacological interventions, topical and oral therapies, intra‐articular therapies and joint surgery. However, all the treatments mentioned above mainly aim to control the symptoms instead of improving or reversing the joint condition. In this research, we observed the effect of recombinant platelet‐derived growth factor (PDGF)‐BB on OA in a monosodium iodoacetate (MIA)–induced rat model and revealed the possible mechanisms. In vitro, the level of inflammation in the chondrocytes was gradually alleviated, and the apoptosis rate was gradually decreased by PDGF‐BB at increasing concentrations. The levels of p‐p38, Bax and caspase‐3 decreased, and the level of p‐Erk increased with increasing PDGF‐BB concentration. In vivo, PDGF‐BB could significantly reverse chondrocyte and matrix loss. Furthermore, high concentrations of PDGF‐BB could alleviate cartilage hyperplasia to remodel the tissue. The level of collagen II was up‐regulated, and the levels of collagen X and apoptosis were down‐regulated by increasing concentrations of PDGF‐BB. In conclusion, recombinant PDGF‐BB alleviated OA by down‐regulating caspase‐3‐dependent apoptosis. The effects of PDGF‐BB on OA mainly include inhibiting chondrocyte loss, reducing cartilage hyperplasia and osteophyte formation, and regulating collagen anabolism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study addresses the optimised tracking problem for motion control systems with multiple disturbances by a non‐linear‐disturbance‐observer‐enhanced continuous‐time model predictive control (MPC) method. The core is to predict the future tracking error and desired control input (including the lumped effects of disturbances/uncertainties) in the receding‐horizon by a higher‐order sliding mode disturbance observer, which is designed based upon a rough nominal system. Different from the direct compensation approach in most existing composite MPC methods, disturbance estimates are taken full advantage in the optimisation. The explicit relationship between asymptotic stability and weights in the performance index is provided. Simulations on position control of the robot arm system and experiments on speed regulation of the permanent magnet synchronous motor servo system are both presented to demonstrate the workability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A cardiac cavernous hemangioma is an extremely rare primary benign cardiac tumor. Herein, we report a case of cavernous hemangioma in the right atrium and close to the coronary sinus of an asymptomatic 56‐year‐old male who underwent multimodality imaging and successful resection of the cavernous hemangioma. Our case highlights that multimodality imaging plays an important role in characterizing cardiac hemangiomas and determining the surgical plan. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Wide‐bandgap (WBG) perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have been widely used as the top cell of tandem solar cells. However, photoinduced phase segregation and high open‐circuit voltage loss pose significant obstacles to the development of WBG PSCs. Here, a two‐step small‐size A‐site and large‐size X‐site incorporation strategy is reported to modulate the lattice distortion and improve the film quality of WBG formamidinium‐methylammonium (FAMA) perovskite films for photostable PSCs based on two‐step deposition method. First, CsI with content of 0–20% is introduced to tune the lattice distortion and film quality of FAMA perovskite with a bandgap of 1.70 eV. Then, 4% RbI is incorporated to further modulate the perovskite growth and lattice distortion, leading to the suppression of photoinduced phase segregation in the resultant RbCsFAMA quadruple cation perovskites. As a result, the 20%CsI/4%RbI‐doped device obtains a promising efficiency of 20.6%, and the corresponding perovskite film shows good photothermal stability. Even without encapsulation, the device can maintain 92% of its initial efficiency after 1000 h of continuous operation under 1 sun equivalent white light‐emitting diode illumination. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]