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ABSTRACT Introduction Methods Results Conclusions Judicious antimicrobial use is essential for the continued treatment of infections in small and mixed animal veterinary medicine. To better support Washington (WA) State veterinarians in antimicrobial stewardship, we surveyed licensed small and mixed animal veterinarians and led group conversations regarding antimicrobial prescription practices.Survey questions included demographic information, factors influencing prescription practices and clinical cases. Responses were summarised and logistic regressions were performed to identify factors associated with antibiotic treatment choices. Group conversations, led by a licensed veterinarian, focused on resource gaps for veterinarians, management of clinical scenarios and interpretation of minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) and breakpoints. A systematic qualitative analysis of conversation transcripts identified key themes such as common barriers to stewardship.Among 53 responses to clinical scenarios, veterinarians selected the most appropriate treatment choice, according to a veterinary microbiologist, 62% of the time. Variability was observed in culture and susceptibility practices and antibiotic choices. Survey respondents reported an influence of the client ability to medicate (92%), considerations of resistance (91%), client finances (75%) and availability of antimicrobials (75%) on their prescription decisions. There were no significant associations between opinions about contributing factors to antimicrobial resistance (AMR) or guidelines used and treatment choices in clinical scenarios. Among 15 veterinarians interviewed in group conversations, a systematic qualitative analysis of conversation transcripts revealed key themes, including reliance on human medicine as a resource and a lack of support for veterinarians in interpreting MICs and breakpoints.The variability in veterinary antibiotic treatment decisions in this study suggests a need for further dissemination of standardised antimicrobial stewardship resources for veterinarians. Client‐related challenges and the cost of culture and susceptibility are major barriers to stewardship. To address these barriers, it is necessary to provide standardised, easy‐to‐access guidance for veterinarians in interpreting MICs and breakpoints, as well as develop antimicrobial use resources for clients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction Aim Methods Results Conclusions The Child Hemophilia Treatment Experience Measure (Child Hemo‐TEM) was developed to capture the treatment burden experience of children with haemophilia (CwH).Describe the development of this novel haemophilia‐specific measure.Interviews were conducted with clinical experts, CwH and CwH's caregivers. Interviews were analysed according to adapted grounded theory principles. Based on the analysis, a preliminary measure was developed and debriefed. Psychometric analyses were performed according to an a priori analysis plan using data collected in a cross‐sectional web survey and a final measure was generated.Interviews with four clinical experts, 25 CwH ages 8 to <12 years, and 25 caregivers of CwH <12 years were conducted. Concepts endorsed by ≥10% of CwH and caregivers were: adherence, ease of use, emotional impacts, physical impacts, treatment concerns, and interference with daily life. Cognitive debriefing assessments were conducted to ensure participant understanding and item relevance. Caregivers found the measure to be understandable, comprehensive, and relevant. However, several issues with CwH completing the measure were identified and it was decided to only develop an observer‐reported outcome version. Data for psychometric validation was collected in a web survey (N = 187). Item reduction dropped 12 items. Factor analysis generated a single, 7‐item, internally consistent (α = .855) factor, which consisted of items covering all relevant a priori concepts. The majority of a priori convergent and all known groups validity hypotheses were confirmed.The study findings provide evidence that the Child Hemo‐TEM is a brief, well‐designed, and valid and reliable measure of haemophilia treatment burden. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

COVID‐19 infection among pregnant women results in more severe symptoms and higher mortality rates. No comprehensive health literacy for protection against COVID‐19 among pregnant women has been available for general use in Thailand. This cross‐sectional study aimed to develop and examine an instrument for measuring health literacy of prevention COVID‐19 infection among pregnant women (HLS‐P). A total of 321 pregnant women aged older than 20 years were participated in this study, Selected through multistage cluster sampling, between September 2021 and January 2022. Data were collected using structured questions that included sociodemographic characteristics and the health literacy scale for protecting against COVID‐19 (HLS‐P) developed by the researchers. The content and construct validity of the health literacy scale were examined. Exploratory factor analysis performed with principal component analysis and Varimax rotation. Confirmatory factor analysis was conducted using IBM SPSS AMOS 26. The model fitting was evaluated using several indices namely root mean square error of approximation, normed fit index, comparative fit index, and goodness‐of‐fit index. The reliability of the scale was evaluated using Cronbach's alpha and item total correlation. As a results of exploratory factor analysis of the scale, 31 items were loaded which indicated a 6‐factors for the scale that collectively explained 62.59% of total variance. Confirmatory factor analysis also indicated a good fit to the six latent structures with root mean square error of approximation 0.03, normed fit index 0.94, comparative fit index 0.97, and goodness‐of‐fit index 0.91. Internal consistency reliability was satisfactory with Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.94 and the item‐total correlation between 0.34 and 0.86. The overall scale was sufficiently reliable. As a result, the HLS‐P is a reliable and relevant measure for assessing health literacy in pregnant women. Thus, this scale is profoundly used as an evaluation tool for measuring health literacy among pregnant women, providing critical information for healthcare professionals and policymakers about the health literacy needs and capacity of service receivers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ABSTRACT Introduction Methods Results Conclusion Socioeconomic deprivation is a known risk factor for head and neck cancer (HNC). Despite this, there is no current way to acknowledge this in two‐week wait (2WW) referrals. 2WW HNC referrals have continually risen, and a self‐reporting questionnaire was trialled with referrals to the ear, nose and throat (ENT) department with suspected HNC, allowing additional triage information not included in referrals to be obtained.Patients referred through the 2WW pathway for HNC between February 2021 and March 2022 were asked to complete an electronic self‐reporting symptom questionnaire. The vetting process resulted in the referral being accepted or regraded to less urgent referral streams. Scottish Index of Multiple Deprivation (SIMD) quintiles were derived using the online postcode checker tool.A total of 984 2WW referrals were retrospectively reviewed. The questionnaire was completed by 717 (72.9%) patients. Regrading of urgency resulted in 292 (29.7%) 2WW appointments not required. Of those regraded, 264 (90.4%) patients completed the questionnaire. A significantly greater number of patients (p = 0.03) from SIMD 4 and SIMD 5 were regraded (33.3%) compared to SIMD 1 and SIMD 2 (26.4%). Patients who did not complete the questionnaire had a higher median age (61.0 years, range: 17–96, IQR: 25.0) compared to those who completed the questionnaire (56.0 years, range: 17–88, IQR: 23.5, p < 0.001).A self‐reported symptom questionnaire can help rebalance urgent appointments to those with genuine red flag symptoms. This in turn reduces social inequality in 2WW referrals and reduces the number of inappropriate 2WW appointments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: The purpose of this study was to examine the trend in human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination rates in Japan before and after a policy change in 2022, involving resumption of active recommendation and start of catch‐up vaccination. Methods: From 2021 to 2023, a web‐based questionnaire survey was administered to newly enrolled female college students in Yokohama, Japan. The questionnaire included items such as age, HPV vaccination status, HPV vaccine awareness, and awareness of catch‐up vaccination. We compared knowledge about the HPV vaccine and cervical cancer in 2021 and 2023, before and after resumption of the national vaccination program. Results: The HPV vaccination rates were 5.4% in 2021, 7.5% in 2022, and 35.3% in 2023, with a significant upward trend (p < 0.001). A similar upward trend was observed for HPV vaccine awareness (p < 0.001). Comparing 2022 and 2023 after the start of catch‐up vaccination, there was no significant difference in awareness of catch‐up vaccination (p = 0.669), but there was a significant increase in awareness of free vaccination tickets (p < 0.001). After resumption of the national vaccination program with adoption of the catch‐up vaccination program, there was no difference in knowledge of cervical cancer, but there was a difference in knowledge of the HPV vaccine. Conclusions: Although the HPV vaccination rate has increased after the policy change, it has not recovered to the level before the suspension of active recommendation. It is important for healthcare providers and school educators to actively communicate the safety and effectiveness of the HPV vaccine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Physiotherapists' attitudes and beliefs play a crucial role in the management and treatment outcomes of non‐specific neck pain (NSNP). Objective: To investigate the attitudes and beliefs of physiotherapists in Jordan towards NSNP, and to identify factors influencing these attitudes and beliefs. Methods: A Cross‐sectional survey of registered physiotherapists working in Jordan was conducted. A structured questionnaire was used to assess the attitudes and beliefs of physiotherapists towards NSNP. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used. Results: A total of 301 PTs completed the survey, 155 females (51.56%). Most respondents held bachelor's degrees, with an average of 9.5 ± 6.6 experience years. The total score for PABS‐PT (Z = 11.4, p < 0.001) and its BM (Z = +11.9, p < 0.001) and PS (Z = 3.6, p < 0. 001) subscales were significantly positive. The score of the biomedical subscale was more significantly positive than psychosocial subscale. The treatment orientation was positively correlated with education level, and negatively with age and experience. The most reported treatments were manual therapy followed by general exercises and electrical modalities. No significant relationship was observed between treatment orientation and treatment selection. Conclusion: This study created the initial profile for pain attitudes and beliefs in Jordan. Physiotherapists hold positive attitudes and beliefs towards the NSNP treatment orientations with a superiority of the BM approach. Engaging educational sectors and stakeholders in the current situation of PTs' attitudes and beliefs is important. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: This study developed a short version of a scale measuring attitudes toward people living with dementia, the Four‐Item Attitudes toward People Living with Dementia Scale (APDS4), that could be included in a large population survey. Methods: We used three datasets from Japan: a web panel survey, a community‐based mail survey, and data from a randomised controlled trial on dementia education. The original scale used was the Attitudes toward People Living with Dementia Scale developed by Kim and Kuroda. Test–retest reliability and item response theory analyses were used to reduce the number of items. The reliability, internal consistency, validity, and responsiveness of the short version were evaluated. Results: Six items with low test–retest reliability and four items with low discrimination parameters were removed from the 14‐item scale. The APDS4, consisting of four items, had test–retest reliability and internal consistency comparable to those of the original scale. Confirmatory factor analysis indicated that the APDS4 fit a unidimensional model. The validity of the APDS4 was confirmed by significant associations between the APDS4 scores and the original scale scores, knowledge of dementia, helping behaviour intentions toward people living with dementia, helping behaviour experience, attending the Dementia Supporter Training Course, and engagement in healthcare jobs. In a randomised controlled trial dataset, the APDS4 was more responsive to educational interventions than the original scale. Conclusion: The shortened APDS4 was established as a reliable, validated, and responsive scale. This scale can be used efficiently in population surveys to evaluate dementia‐friendly initiatives at the community level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Self‐reported measures of periodontitis developed for use in population surveillance are increasingly used in causal research. Numerous studies evaluate the validity of these measures against clinical parameters of periodontitis, yet few include validation parameters outside of multivariable models. Individual item validity is necessary to adequately inform use of these measures in causal research. Methods: We used data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2011‐2014 in which dentate participants completed full‐mouth periodontal examinations (N = 6966). We evaluated six self‐report questionnaire items related to periodontal disease status against periodontitis case definitions developed by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and American Academy of Periodontology (CDC‐AAP). We estimated the sensitivity and specificity of individual items using severe and moderate‐to‐severe periodontitis classifications. We additionally combined items to evaluate the validity of joint measures. Results: Sensitivity was highest when measures were evaluated against severe periodontitis. Self‐rated oral health of fair/poor demonstrated the highest sensitivity for severe (0.60) and moderate‐to‐severe periodontitis (0.48). Specificity was highest when evaluated against moderate‐to‐severe periodontitis, with self‐reported history of tooth mobility as the most specific measure (0.87 for severe disease; 0.92 for moderate‐to‐severe) followed by a history of bone loss (0.88 for severe; 0.91 for moderate‐to‐severe). Combining questions generally improved specificity at the expense of sensitivity. Conclusions: Our findings related to item‐specific validity and the associated clinical profiles facilitate needed considerations for the use of self‐reported measures of periodontitis in causal research. Additionally, item‐specific validity can be used to inform assessments of misclassification bias within such investigations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: Few studies have explored music therapy (MT) in an acute aged care inpatient setting. We aimed to assess feasibility and patient/staff perceptions of an 8‐week MT program on an acute geriatric ward. Methods: An 8‐week in‐person MT program, comprising brief receptive musical interventions up to twice‐weekly. All patients admitted to the aged care ward were eligible for inclusion. A hard copy survey was used to assess patient and staff perceptions of MT. Themes raised in free‐text responses were manually coded within a thematic analysis approach. A mixed methods approach was used to obtain and analyse data relating to feasibility and patient and staff perceptions of the MT intervention. Results: The 8‐week program ran to completion and was delivered to a median of 11 patients (IQR 9–12) each session (median 8 new/day). In total, 10 patients completed surveys, mean age 81.1 (SD 7.7); 60% were women and all had cognitive impairment. Following an MT session, eight of eight responding patients reported feeling happy and eight of eight reported they would recommend MT. Staff respondents (n = 19) reported patients appeared happy (19/19), relaxed (13/19) and all would recommend MT to other patients. Common themes were that MT was followed by improved patient behaviour and mood, and stimulated patients. Conclusions: An acute aged care inpatient MT program proves feasible and well‐received by staff and patients. Future research may focus on more robust data collection in larger sample sizes, specific types of MT and more in‐depth exploration of the patient and carer experiences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Patient preferences regarding thyroid nodules are poorly understood. Our objective is to (1) employ a discrete choice experiment (DCE) to explore risk tradeoffs in thyroid nodule management, and (2) segment respondents into preference phenotypes. Study Design: DCE. Setting: Thyroid surgery clinic, online survey. Methods: A DCE including 5 attributes (cancer risk, voice concerns, incision/scar, medication requirement, follow‐up frequency) was refined with qualitative patient and physician input. A final DCE including 8 choice tasks, demographics, history, and risk tolerance was administered to participants with and without thyroid disease. Analysis was performed with multinomial logit modeling and latent class analysis (LCA) for preference phenotyping. Results: A total of 1026 respondents were included; 480 had thyroid disease. Risk aversion was associated with increasing age (P <.001), female gender (P <.001), and limited education (P =.038), but not previous thyroid disease. Cancer risk most significantly impacted decision‐making. Of the total possible utility change from thyroid nodule decision‐making, 47.8% was attributable to variations in cancer risk; 20.0% from medication management; 14.9% from voice changes; 12.7% from incision/scar; and 4.6% from follow‐up concerns. LCA demonstrated 3 classes with distinct preference phenotypes: the largest group (64.2%) made decisions primarily based on cancer risk; another group (18.2%) chose based on aversion to medication; the smallest group (17.7%) factored in medication and cancer risk evenly. Conclusion: Cancer risk and the need to take medication after thyroid surgery factor into patient decision‐making most heavily when treating thyroid nodules. Distinct preference phenotypes were demonstrated, reinforcing the need for individual preference assessment before the treatment of thyroid disorders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Temporomandibular disorders (TMD) are a highly misreported health problem. Its diagnosis is complex and requires the use of valid and reliable instruments. Objective: To develop and validate the Epidemiological Diagnostic Instrument for TMD (EDI/TMD). Methods: Content validity (CV), response process (RP), construct validity (EFA), reliability (inter and intraobserver consistency), and convergence validity of the EDI/TMD were assessed and compared to the Diagnostic Criteria for TMD (DC/TMD). Results: An instrument composed of a 9‐question questionnaire and a 12‐step clinical protocol was developed. CV analysis reduced the instrument to a 5‐question and 7‐step clinical protocol (CVI = 0.93). Some instructions were included after the RP. The EFA found three factors: myogenous TMD, arthrogenous TMD, and differential diagnosis. The reliability scores ranged from substantial to excellent. When compared to the DC/TMD, the EDI/TMD total score indicated that this instrument is valid and provides satisfactory diagnostic criteria (Kappa = 0.906; p < 0.001), and can distinguish non‐TMD and TMD individuals, with a cut‐off point of 4.9 (Sensitivity = 1.0; Specificity = 1.0; AUC = 1.0). For individuals who had both myogenous and arthrogenous TMD, the cut‐off point was 14 or higher (Sensitivity = 0.8; Specificity = 1.0; AUC = 0.987). For individuals who had either myogenous TMD (Sensitivity = 1.0; Specificity = 0.88; PPV = 0.89; NPV = 1.0) or arthrogenous TMD (Sensitivity = 0.95; Specificity = 0.87; PPV = 0.83; NPV = 0.96), the cut‐off point was between 5 and 13.9, with the highest EFA score being the determinant factor for final diagnosis. Conclusion: Based on its psychometric properties, the EDI/TMD is a valid and reliable assessment tool that is capable of diagnosing TMD and classifying its subtypes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Occupational therapy in residential aged care facilities (RACFs) can enhance residents' occupational engagement and wellbeing. However, industry reports suggest that occupational therapists in Australian RACFs have mostly provided physical therapies such as pain management via massage and not addressed residents' occupations. There is limited literature on what constitutes occupational therapists' practice in RACFs to inform policy and practice. The aim of this cross‐sectional survey was to explore practice patterns of occupational therapists working in Australian RACFs and influences on their practice. Methods: Occupational therapists working in Australian RACFs were invited from July 2019 to March 2020 to complete a self‐report online questionnaire via email and advertisements on industry websites, newsletters, and social media. The questionnaire asked therapists about their caseload, referrals, assessments, and interventions. Data were analysed descriptively and presented as frequencies and percentages. Results: A total of 214 occupational therapists completed the survey. Occupational therapists' daily practice largely focussed on pain management; other areas of practice included falls prevention, pressure care, and mobility. The Aged Care Funding Instrument in place at the time of the survey was identified as the leading factor influencing therapists' choice of assessments and interventions. Organisational policies and procedures were also perceived as key factors influencing occupational therapy practice. Conclusion: This paper highlights the influence of government funding and organisational policies in limiting occupational therapists' scope of practice and their ability to fully address the occupational needs of residents. Occupational therapists and the profession in general should be aware of factors in aged care funding models, and their application, that restrict occupational therapy practice and inhibit residents' function and advocate for change where needed. With the introduction of the Australian National Aged Care Classification funding model replacing Aged Care Funding Instrument, future research should explore potential changes to therapists practice following the implementation of the new funding model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Stem cell‐based therapy for bone regeneration has received attention in medical settings but has not yet been used in clinical practice for treating alveolar bone defects. The objectives of this study were to explore whether periodontists had heard about this approach, and if so how, how interested they were to learn about it, which attitudes and behavioral intentions they had related to using stem cell‐based grafting, and what they would like to know before using this approach. Methods: Anonymous survey data were collected from 481 members of the American Academy of Periodontology (response rate: 19.41%). Results: Responses showed 35.3% had heard about stem cell‐based therapy, mostly from publications (9.6%) and meetings (8.3%); 76.1% wanted to learn about it through in‐person continuing education (CE) courses, 68.6% in online CE courses, and 57.1% from manuals; 73% considered this approach promising; and 54.9% preferred it to traditional approaches. It was important to them that it would result in more bone volume (93%), better bone quality (90.4%), and accelerated healing (83.2%). Also, 60.1% considered it likely/very likely that they would adopt this approach, 54% that patients would prefer it, and 62.1% that it would benefit their practice. When asked what they would like to know about this approach, information about short‐ and long‐term outcomes, cost, and logistical considerations were most frequently named. Conclusions: These findings provide the basis to develop educational interventions for periodontists about this novel approach and inform future research activities aimed to translate this approach to clinical practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The acquisition of skills and manual dexterity in aesthetic dentistry in undergraduate teaching requires preclinical practices with simulation that should approximate real clinical situations. Objective: We will present a digital procedure for the creation of three‐dimensional (3D) resin models adapted to the practices of the Aesthetic Dentistry course. Material and method: Stereolithography or Standard Tesellation Language (STL) files of a real patient were previously obtained with a 3‐shape intraoral scanner. Using the Exocad computer programme for dental prosthesis design, various modifications were made, such as incisor rotation, surface alterations imitating dysplasias or erosions, the creation of diastemas, or even changes in tooth size. The virtual model was printed in resin for use by students. Once the practices were finished, the students and the teachers evaluated the use of the 3D printed models. Results: The result is the typodont model, in which seven laboratory sessions took place: 1‐Restoration of conoid tooth morphology, 2‐Cervical abrasion/ erosion restoration, 3‐Direct Composite Veneer, 4‐Aesthetic correction in a tooth with rotation, 5‐Diastem closure, 6‐Occlusal abrasions/ erosion, and 7‐Maryland bridge. 90.48% of the students evaluated the designed 3D model as the best method for laboratory practice compared to other methods, obtaining a general assessment of 8.3 out of 10. Conclusion: The method used has provided a reproducible standard analog model for direct aesthetic dental restoration practice, with a good assessment by students and teachers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Practice Environment Scale of the Nursing Work Index (PES‐NWI) has been utilized for two decades globally to measure nurse work environments. Its 31 items in five domains present a substantial respondent burden, threatening survey response rates. The purpose of this study was to derive and validate a short form: the PES‐5. We conducted a cross‐sectional, secondary analysis of survey data from nurses in 760 hospitals in six U.S. states in 2016 or 2019. One representative item per subscale was selected by highest item‐to‐subscale R2 from the original PES‐NWI publication. Five psychometric properties of the PES‐5 were evaluated. The reproduced structure of the full form was confirmed in the 2016 data by the highest R2 for the selected items. The unidimensional structure of the PES‐5 was confirmed through confirmatory factor analysis. The correlation between the composite values of the 28‐item and 5‐item versions was 0.94. The Cronbach's alpha reliability of the PES‐5 was >0.80. The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC 1, k), which evaluates the stability of aggregated values when data are clustered, i.e., nurses are nested within hospitals, was >0.80 in both datasets, demonstrating satisfactory aggregate properties. Construct validity was supported by the selected items being ranked highly in their respective subscales by an expert panel. Criterion validity was supported by an analysis of variance of the PES‐5 mean value across responses to a single‐item work environment measure. Similar patterns of relationships with other key variables were identified by statistically significant odds ratios in regression models predicting patient mortality from the PES‐5. The classification accuracy of the PES‐5 was high, with 88% of hospitals classified identically by both versions. The PES‐5 shows promise for measurement of nurses' work environments while maximizing response rate by reducing participant burden. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Effective communication between cancer patients and providers is critical for addressing psychological distress, reducing uncertainty, and promoting patient well‐being. This is particularly relevant during medical appointments that may elicit uncertainty, such as surgical consultations for newly diagnosed women with breast cancer. This study aimed to evaluate how pre‐appointment anxiety and illness uncertainty affect patient–provider communication in breast cancer surgical consultations and subsequent post‐appointment well‐being. Breast cancer patient anxiety has been studied as an outcome of provider communication, though less is known about the extent to which preexisting anxiety or uncertainty act as antecedents to effective patient–provider communication. Methods: This study analyzed videorecorded breast cancer surgical consultations (N = 51) and corresponding patient surveys to understand how pre‐appointment anxiety influences pre‐appointment patient uncertainty, patient–provider communication during the appointment, and subsequent post‐appointment uncertainty. Results: The proposed model achieved good fit to the data such that more pre‐appointment anxiety was associated with more pre‐appointment uncertainty, more pre‐appointment anxiety was associated with more empathic opportunities per minute, and more empathic opportunities were associated with less post‐appointment uncertainty. Conclusions: Results indicate breast cancer patients with anxiety pre‐appointment are at‐risk for more illness uncertainty and are more likely to explicitly provide empathic opportunities. This supports the need for added attention to empathic opportunities to not only address patients emotionally but to also assess whether a patient may be at higher risk of having preexisting anxiety. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: The aim of this study is to design and validate the content of an instrument based on the Nursing Outcomes Classification (NOC) "Knowledge: disease process" and "Risk control: hypertension" to measure pregnant women's knowledge and self‐care behaviors about hypertensive disorders. Methods: The study was carried out in three phases: (a) content validity of the indicators, (b) construction, and (c) content validity of the instrument. Findings: The instrument contains 72 items with an average content validity ratio and representativeness of 0.92. The items that did not reach the established values were eliminated or reformulated according to the observations made by the experts. Conclusions: This study provides the first instrument for perinatal maternal care designed from the NOC that has demonstrated adequate content validity and representativeness of the NOCs on which it is based. The next phase in the development of the instrument is to test its validity and reliability. Implications for nursing practice: CoNOCiTHE is a tool that can be useful in assessing pregnant women's knowledge and self‐care behaviors about hypertensive disorders, contributing to the documentation and quality of maternal perinatal nursing care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The bispectral index (BIS) monitor is the most frequently used electroencephalogram (EEG)‐based depth of anesthesia (DoA) technology in Norwegian hospitals. However, there is limited knowledge regarding the extent and clinical impact of its use and how anesthesiologists and nurse anesthetists use the information provided by the DoA monitors in their clinical practice. Methods: This cross‐sectional survey on the use of DoA monitors in Norway used a web‐based questionnaire distributed to anesthesia personnel in all hospitals in Norway. Participation was voluntary and anonymized, and the web form could not track IP sources or respondents' locations. Results: Three hundred and ninety‐one nurse anesthetists (n = 324) and anesthesiologists (n = 67) responded. Among the EEG‐based DoA monitoring tools, BIS was most often used to observe and assess patients' DoA (98%). Raw EEG waveform analysis (10%), EEG‐spectrogram (9%), and suppression rate (10%) were seldom used. Twenty‐seven percent of the anesthesia personnel were able to recognize a burst suppression pattern on EEG and its significance. Fifty‐eight percent of the respondents considered clinical observations more reliable than BIS. Almost all respondents reported adjusting anesthetic dosage based on the BIS index values (80%). However, the anesthetic dose was more often increased (90%) because of high BIS index values than lowered (55%) because of low BIS index values. Conclusion: Despite our respondents' extensive use of DoA monitoring, the anesthesia personnel in our survey did not use all the information and the potential to guide the titration of anesthetics the DoA monitors provide. Thus, anesthesia personnel could generally benefit from increased knowledge of how EEG‐based DoA monitoring can be used to assess and determine individual patients' need for anesthetic medication. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Dermal substitutes have been introduced to improve the outcome of wound healing. Despite proven efficacy in trials, these skin constructs do not have a firm footing in treatment protocols. This survey aimed to gain insight into the international perspective on dermal substitutes. An open, voluntary and anonymous internet‐based international survey was conducted. Eligible to complete the survey were professionals involved in the surgical treatment of patients with wounds. Information was collected on participant demographics, appointed facilitators, barriers, indications and contraindications related to the use of dermal substitutes, as well as participants' perceptions on the current available evidence and treatment protocols. A total of 148 professionals from 30 countries completed the survey. The majority of participants were male (57%), with 60% being plastic surgeons. Eighty‐three percent of the professionals had experience in using dermal substitutes. The primary facilitators were 'increased scar elasticity' and 'reduction of contractures', while primary barriers included 'costs' and 'contamination risk'. Sixty‐two percent of the professionals acknowledged the efficacy of dermal substitutes; however, the majority emphasised the absence of clear indications and treatment protocols. This study emphasises the acknowledged efficacy of dermal substitutes while highlighting the need for clearer indications and treatment protocols. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: To determine the proportion of people in New South Wales towns at high risk of Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) infections during the 2022 outbreak; to identify risk factors for JEV infection. Study design: Cross‐sectional serosurvey study of the seroprevalence of JEV‐specific antibodies in NSW. Setting, participants: Convenience sample of people (all ages) from five regional NSW towns deemed to be at high risk of JEV infections after first outbreak of Japanese encephalitis in southeastern Australia in early 2022 (Balranald, Corowa, Dubbo, Griffith, Temora), 21 June – 22 July 2022. Main outcome measures: Proportion of people seropositive for JEV total antibody, assayed by defined epitope‐blocking enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay; prevalence odds ratios for exposure risk factors and protective behaviours. Results: Eighty of 917 eligible participants (559 girls or women, 61%; 42 Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people, 4.6%; median age, 52 years [IQR, 37–62 years]) were seropositive for JEV‐specific total antibody (8.7%); the median age of seropositive people was 61 years (IQR, 48–70 years). The seropositivity proportion was largest for people aged 65 years or more (30 of 192; weighted proportion, 13.7%) and larger for male than female participants (30 of 358, 10.6% v 50 of 559, 7.5%). Five of 42 samples from Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander participants were seropositive (12%). We found mixed associations with a range of potential risk factors. Conclusion: We found evidence for a substantial number of JEV infections in five regional NSW towns during a single arbovirus season in 2022. Public health responses, including effective surveillance, vaccination against JEV, and mosquito management, are critical for controlling outbreaks. Promoting behaviours that reduce exposure to mosquitoes is a core component of prevention, particularly when the vaccine supply is limited. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Prevalence and risk of poor psychological outcomes following rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) are not well‐established. Methods: Participants in this cross‐sectional, case‐control study (n = 713 survivors, 42.5% female; mean [SD] age, 30.5 [6.6] years; n = 706 siblings, 57.2% female; mean age, 32.8,[7.9] years) completed measures of neurocognition, emotional distress, and health‐related quality of life (HRQOL). Multivariable logistic regression models identified treatments, health behaviors, and chronic conditions associated with impairment. Results: Relative to siblings, more survivors reported neurocognitive impairment (task efficiency: 21.1% vs. 13.7%, emotional regulation: 16.7% vs. 11.0%, memory: 19.3% vs. 15.1%), elevated emotional distress (somatic distress: 12.9% vs. 4.7%, anxiety: 11.7% vs. 5.9%, depression: 22.8% vs. 16.9%) and poorer HRQOL (physical functioning: 11.1% vs. 2.8%, role functioning due to physical problems: 16.8% vs. 8.2%, pain: 17.5% vs. 10.0%, vitality: 22.3% vs. 13.8%, social functioning: 14.4% vs. 6.8%, emotional functioning: 17.1% vs. 10.6%). Cranial radiation increased risk for impaired task efficiency (odds ratio [OR], 2.30; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.14–4.63), whereas chest and pelvic radiation predicted increased risk of physical functioning (OR, 2.68; 95% CI, 1.16–6.21 and OR, 3.44; 95% CI, 1.70–6.95, respectively). Smoking was associated with impaired task efficiency (OR, 2.06; 95% CI, 1.14–3.70), memory (OR, 2.23; 95% CI, 1.26–3.95), anxiety (OR, 2.71; 95% CI, 1.36–5.41) and depression (OR, 1.77; 95% CI, 1.01–3.11). Neurologic conditions increased risk of anxiety (OR, 2.30; 95% CI, 1.04–5.10), and hearing conditions increased risk of depression (OR, 1.79; 95% CI, 1.05–3.03). Neurologic and hearing conditions, respectively, were associated with impaired memory (OR, 2.44; 95% CI, 1.20–4.95 and OR, 1.87; 95% CI, 1.05–3.35) and poor health perception (OR, 2.62; 95% CI, 1.62–1.28 and OR, 2.33; 95% CI, 1.34–4.06). Conclusions: RMS survivors are at significant risk for poor psychological outcomes. Advancing therapies for local control, smoking cessation, and managing chronic medical conditions may mitigate poor outcomes following RMS. Research on psychological outcomes following pediatric rhabdomyosarcoma is scarce, limiting the understanding of the prevalence of and risk factors for neurocognitive impairment, emotional distress, and quality of life among survivors. This study showed that rhabdomyosarcoma survivors are at significant risk for poor psychological outcomes, and advancing therapies for local tumor control, smoking cessation, and managing chronic medical conditions may be important for mitigating risk. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Fatigue is a common symptom that negatively affects the outcomes and functions of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients. This study aimed to assess the fatigue by two scales and validate their consistency, also to comprehensively evaluate fatigue‐related risk factors in RA patients. Methods: In this case–control study, the fatigue of 160 RA patients and 60 healthy controls was evaluated by the Bristol Rheumatoid Arthritis Fatigue Multi‐Dimensional Questionnaire (BRAF‐MDQ) and the Chinese version of the Brief Fatigue Inventory (BFI‐C). The 28‐joint disease activity score using erythrocyte sedimentation rate of RA patients was assessed. Results: The BRAF‐MDQ and BFI‐C scores were elevated in RA patients versus healthy controls (all p <.001). Interestingly, BRAF‐MDQ global fatigue score positively correlated with BFI‐C global fatigue score in both RA patients (r =.669, p <.001) and healthy controls (r =.527, p <.001); meanwhile, Kendall's tau‐b test showed a high consistency between BRAF‐MDQ and BFI‐C global fatigue scores in RA patients (W = 0.759, p <.001) and healthy controls (W = 0.933, p <.001). Notably, higher education level (В = −4.547; 95% confidence interval: −7.065, −2.029; p <.001) and swollen joint count (В = 1.965; 95% confidence interval: 1.375, 2.554; p <.001) independently related to BRAF‐MDQ global fatigue score; higher education level (В = −0.613; 95% confidence interval: −0.956, −0.269; p =.001) and clinical disease activity index (В = 0.053; 95% confidence interval: 0.005, 0.102; p =.032) independently linked with BFI‐C global fatigue score. Conclusion: Fatigue commonly occurs in RA patients, which independently relates to education level and disease activity. Furthermore, BRAF‐MDQ and BFI‐C scales exhibit a high consistency in assessing fatigue. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: Prevention complements the curative management of oral diseases. Effective preventive interventions involve the adoption of oral health promoting behaviours. Little is known about the awareness of oral disease and its prevention among Singaporean adults as well as their prevailing oral health attitudes and behaviours. The aim of the study was to describe the oral health knowledge, attitudes and behaviours of adults in Singapore. Methods: A random sample of adults (≥21 years old) in Singapore was selected to complete an interviewer‐administered questionnaire. The questionnaire gathered information about their knowledge of the aetiology, signs and symptoms as well as prevention of dental caries and periodontal disease; attitudes about the value of teeth, locus of control in maintaining oral health and oral health behaviours including toothbrushing, flossing and dental attendance. Results: A total of 1196 adults of weighted mean age 48 years old with almost equal proportions of males and females responded to the questionnaire. Participants were more unaware about the causes of periodontal disease (25.7%) than dental caries (4%). While more than 90% of participants felt that healthy teeth were important and could affect their overall health, many (67.0%) felt it was natural to lose their teeth with old age. Among the participants, 83.5% brushed their teeth twice a day; 41.9% flossed their teeth and 53.9% visited the dentist at least once a year. Conclusions: The study findings showed good knowledge around dental caries but some gaps around periodontal disease. It also found that participants perceived having limited control over preventing tooth loss. Irregular dental attendance and poor denture wearing habits were also noted. The findings shed light on key areas to focus on through oral health promotion to improve overall oral health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective(s): To understand Australian health professionals' perceptions of their knowledge and previous training about frailty, as well as barriers to frailty assessment and management in their practice. Methods: A cross‐sectional online survey was developed and distributed to health professionals (medical, nursing and allied health) engaged in clinical practice in Australia through convenience and snowball sampling techniques from March to May 2022. The survey consisted of five sections: frailty training and knowledge; confidence in recognising and managing adults with frailty; the importance and relevance of frailty; barriers to assessing and managing frailty in practice; and interest in further frailty training. Responses were analysed using descriptive statistics. Results: The survey was taken by 736 health professionals. Less than half of respondents (44%, 321/733) reported receiving any training on frailty, with 14% (105/733) receiving training specifically focussed on frailty. Most respondents (78%, 556/712) reported 'good' or 'fair' understanding of frailty. The majority (64%, 448/694) reported being 'fairly' or 'somewhat' confident with identifying frailty. Almost all respondents (>90%) recognised frailty as having an important impact on outcomes and believed that there are beneficial interventions for frailty. Commonly reported barriers to frailty assessment in practice included 'lack of defined protocol for managing frailty' and 'lack of consensus about which frailty assessment tool to use'. Most respondents (88%, 521/595) were interested in receiving further education on frailty, with a high preference for online training. Conclusions: The findings suggest frailty is important to health professionals in Australia, and there is a need for and interest in further frailty education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: In the context of nationwide law reform, New South Wales (NSW) became the last state in Australia to legalise voluntary assisted dying (VAD) – commencing 28 November 2023. Clinicians have divergent views regarding VAD, with varying levels of understanding, support, and willingness to be involved, and these may have a significant impact on the successful implementation. Aims: To understand levels of support, understanding and willingness to be involved in VAD among clinical staff across NSW during implementation of VAD. Methods: A multisite, cross‐sectional online survey of clinicians across four local health districts, assessing relevant demographics, awareness of and support for VAD legislation and willingness to be involved in different levels of VAD‐related clinical activities. Results: A total of 3010 clinical staff completed the survey. A majority of participants were aware of VAD legislation in NSW (86.35%) and supportive of it (76%), with nursing and allied health clinicians significantly more likely than medical specialists to express support. Among medical specialists, support was statistically more likely in those who did not care for patients at the end of life and those with limited knowledge of the legislation. Willingness of medical specialists to perform key roles was significantly lower, with 41.49% willing to act in coordinating or consulting roles, and only 23.21% as administering practitioners. Conclusions: The majority of clinical staff surveyed across NSW supported VAD legislation. While many eligible clinicians were reluctant to be actively involved, sufficient numbers appear willing to provide VAD services, indicating that successful implementation should be possible. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To analyze data from the Chronic Migraine Epidemiology and Outcomes‐International (CaMEO‐I) Study in order to characterize preventive medication use and identify preventive usage gaps among people with migraine across multiple countries. Background: Guidelines for the preventive treatment of migraine are available from scientific organizations in various countries. Although these guidelines differ among countries, eligibility for preventive treatment is generally based on monthly headache day (MHD) frequency and associated disability. The overwhelming majority of people with migraine who are eligible for preventive treatment do not receive it. Methods: The CaMEO‐I Study was a cross‐sectional, observational, web‐based panel survey study performed in six countries: Canada, France, Germany, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States. People were invited to complete an online survey in their national language(s) to identify those with migraine according to modified International Classification of Headache Disorders, 3rd edition, criteria. People classified with migraine answered questions about current and ever use of both acute and preventive treatments for migraine. Available preventive medications for migraine differed by country. MHD frequency and associated disability data were collected. The American Headache Society (AHS) 2021 Consensus Statement algorithm was used to determine candidacy for preventive treatment (i.e., ≥3 monthly MHDs with severe disability, ≥4 MHDs with some disability, or ≥6 MHDs regardless of level of disability). Results: Among 90,613 valid completers of the screening survey, 14,492 met criteria for migraine and completed the full survey, with approximately 2400 respondents from each country. Based on the AHS consensus statement preventive treatment candidacy algorithm, averaging across countries, 36.2% (5246/14,492) of respondents with migraine qualified for preventive treatment. Most respondents (84.5% [4431/5246]) who met criteria for preventive treatment according to the AHS consensus statement were not using a preventive medication at the time of the survey. Moreover, 19.3% (2799/14,492) of respondents had ever used preventive medication (ever users); 58.1% (1625/2799) of respondents who reported ever using a preventive medication for migraine were still taking it. Of the respondents who were currently using a preventive medication, 50.2% (815/1625) still met the criteria for needing preventive treatment based on the AHS consensus statement. Conclusions: Most people with migraine who qualify for preventive treatment are not currently taking it. Additionally, many people currently taking preventive pharmacologic treatment still meet the algorithm criteria for needing preventive treatment, suggesting inadequate benefit from their current regimen. Plain Language Summary: People with migraine who experience frequent headaches or some level of disability may benefit from using a preventive medication for migraine. We collected data on the use of preventive medication for migraine in Canada, France, Germany, Japan, the United Kingdom, and the United States. These data demonstrated that many people who qualified for the use of a preventive treatment in the six participating countries were not currently taking a preventive medication for migraine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Issue Addressed: This cross‐sectional analysis of the Australian 3D study aimed to determine the prevalence of psychological distress and describe its associated characteristics in adults recently diagnosed with type 2 diabetes. Methods: Adults (aged 18 years and over) who were recently diagnosed with type 2 diabetes (<6 months prior) were recruited through the Australian National Diabetes Services Scheme in 2018–2019. Demographic and health data were collected via interview‐administered telephone surveys. Hierarchical regression was used to analyse whether demographic, self‐care and clinical characteristics were associated with psychological distress, as measured by the K10 questionnaire. Results: Of the participants (n = 223), 26.3% presented with psychological distress, with 8.4% reporting mild, 8.4% reporting moderate and 9.5% reporting severe psychological distress. Neither age, sex, body mass index or taking anti‐depressant medications were associated with the presence of psychological distress (p >.05). Being a smoker, living situation, less physical activity and poorer healthy eating beliefs and intentions were significantly associated with psychological distress in those not taking anti‐depressant medications (p <.05). Being female was significantly associated with psychological distress in those taking anti‐depressant medications (p <.05). Conclusion: The study found that psychological distress is highly prevalent in adults recently diagnosed with type 2 diabetes. Behavioural factors such as smoking and low physical activity, as well as psycho‐social factors such as living situation, poor healthy eating beliefs and intentions were significantly associated with psychological distress. This has implications for the management of people with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes. So What?: Psychological distress is highly prevalent in Australian adults newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes, emphasising the urgent need for enhanced psychological care to support this group. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To translate and to validate the Postmenopause Sexuality Questionnaire (PMSQ) for Turkish women in the climacteric. Methods: The study included 356 menopausal women with a mean age of 60.2 ± 7.6 years. First, the demographic characteristics and obstetric information of the women were recorded. Then, the PMSQ was adapted into Turkish. In order to determine the sexual activity and menopause‐specific quality of life, the Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI), The Menopause Specific Quality of Life Questionnaire (MENQOL), and the PMSQ were administered. The reliability and validity of the PMSQ were assessed with internal consistency, test–retest, and criterion validity analyses. Results: According to the results of the study, the internal consistency (Cronbach's α = 0.97) and test–retest reliability (r = 0.95) of the PMSQ were found to be high (P < 0.001). Criterion validity was established based on the relationship of PMSQ scores with FSFI (r = 0.76; P < 0.001) and MENQOL (r = −0.47, P < 0.001) scores. Conclusion: According to this study, it was determined that the Turkish version of the PMSQ can be a valid and reliable scale to evaluate sexual activity in Turkish menopausal women. Synopsis: This Turkish version of the Postmenopause Sexuality Questionnaire can be a reliable and valid measurement tool for assessing sexual function for Turkish postmenopausal women. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: Choices about which dental treatments to provide in a publicly funded system should be guided by the value that the general population place on those treatments. The aim of this study was to estimate United Kingdom (UK) general population willingness to pay (WTP) for dental check‐ups, and to investigate what factors influence WTP. Methods: WTP was elicited using a hypothetical question in an online survey. The sample consisted of 594 participants, nationally representative of the UK general population in terms of age and gender. Regression analysis was used to examine what factors are associated with WTP. Analyses were conducted including and excluding protest answers. Results: The mean WTP for a dental check‐up is £31.32 for the full sample and £33.17 excluding protest answers. Respondents on higher incomes and those with higher university education had higher WTP. Respondents in Scotland were WTP less than respondents living in the rest of the UK which may be the result of NHS dental check‐ups being free to patients in Scotland. Conclusion: The general UK population value dental check‐ups. This study provides estimates of WTP for dental check‐ups which can be used in Cost–Benefit Analyses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background/Aims: The level of knowledge about traumatic dental injuries (TDI) of lay people from a national point of view has never been studied and there is currently a lack of validated research instruments on this issue. The present study aims to develop and validate a questionnaire (TDI‐Q) to assess the knowledge of lay people about TDI, including participants from the five regions of Brazil. Material and Methods: TDI‐Q was drafted, in Brazilian Portuguese, based on the recommendations of the International Association of Dental Traumatology (IADT). Before its application, TDI‐Q was evaluated by dentists, lay people, linguists, and psychometrists. The questionnaire was applied to measure temporal stability at two distinct times, with an interval of 15–20 days between the two applications: test (n = 110) and retest (n = 50). The presence of floor and ceiling effects were investigated by analyzing the frequency of responses of the questionnaire; convergent construct validity was tested through Spearman's correlation; the Mann–Whitney test was applied to discriminant construct validity. Temporal stability and internal consistency were evaluated through intraclass correlation coefficient and Cronbach's alpha, respectively. Results: The floor and ceiling effects were not observed (0.9% and 2.7%, respectively); convergent validity analysis indicated a positive and strong correlation (r = 0.50; p <.001). Significant discriminant construct validity (p <.05) was observed. Satisfactory internal consistency (α = 0.7) and temporal stability (ICC = 0.82, p <.001) were also achieved. Conclusion: TDI‐Q proved to have good psychometric properties and to be a reliable tool for evaluating the knowledge of lay people regarding TDI in the Brazilian population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: Multidisciplinary teams (MDT) are commonly involved in the care of patients with cancer. How frequently dissent occurs within MDT has not been studied. This study aimed to determine how frequently dissent was documented in cancer MDT meetings at our institution, the reasons for this, and the opinions of MDT members on how dissent should be documented and communicated. Methods: A retrospective review of records from cancer MDT meetings at our institution from 2016 to 2020 was performed to identify cases where dissent was documented and the reasons for this. MDT members were invited to complete an online survey assessing their perceptions of how frequently dissent occurred, how comfortable they felt voicing dissenting opinions, and their opinions on how dissent should be documented and communicated. Results: Dissent was recorded in 30 of 7737 MDT case discussions (0.39%). The incidence of dissent varied from 0 to 1.2% between cancer streams. The most common reason for dissent involved the role of surgery. 27% of survey respondents felt either very or somewhat uncomfortable voicing dissenting opinions. Only 3% felt that dissent should not be documented, and none that it should not be communicated in some way, although there were wide ranging of views on how this should occur. Conclusion: Dissent was rarely documented within cancer MDT meetings at our institution, likely due to underreporting. Measuring the incidence of dissent within an MDT may be a useful performance metric. MDT should develop policies for how dissent should be managed, documented, and communicated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Publication rates, characterization, and assessment for predictors of publication in post‐graduate year 2 (PGY2) solid organ transplant (SOT) are lacking. Objectives: This study was conducted to determine the publication rate of PGY2 SOT pharmacy resident projects, understand practices surrounding resident research, and assess characteristics of published manuscripts. Methods: An electronic survey of PGY2 SOT residency programs was distributed. Invitation for participation was sent by email to residency program directors (RPDs), and information related to the PGY2 SOT program, RPDs, research mentors/preceptors, residents, and each research project was gathered for residents graduating between 2016 and 2019. Characteristics influencing publication success were assessed with multivariate logistic regression modeling. Results: Thirty‐eight RPD responses were analyzed (67.8% response rate). All PGY2 SOT programs were American Society of Health‐System Pharmacists (ASHP) accredited, 92% were at academic medical centers, and more than 80% were active over 6 years with a median of 10 (interquartile range [IQR] 5–13) graduated residents. In total, 35/97 (36.1%) of SOT PGY2 research projects were published, 22.7% intend to submit or have a manuscript under revision, and 39.2% will not pursue publication. Of published projects, 81% were in medical journals. Median impact factor was 2.9 (IQR 1.5–2.9). Programs active more than 10 years (odds ratio [OR] 4.0, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.41–11.17, p = 0.009) and utilization of additional resources (OR 4.2, 95% CI 1.23–14.37, p = 0.022), including availability of a biostatistician/epidemiologist or pharmacy student, were independently predictive of publication. Fifty percent of RPDs rated their programs as either "effective" or "extremely effective" in enabling publication. Perceived barriers to publication, most often continuity of PGY2 SOT involvement after residency, were identified. Conclusion: Overall, 36.1% of PGY2 SOT pharmacy resident research projects achieved publication over a 4‐year period at the time of the survey. Years of PGY2 SOT program activity and having additional resources were independently associated with publication. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As advanced treatments are becoming increasingly feasible in veterinary medicine, the evaluation of the health‐related quality of life (HRQOL) of treated animals is becoming more relevant. We evaluated owner‐perceived HRQOL of 10 dogs that underwent craniotomy for meningioma resection between 2002 and 2022 at our institution through telephone interview. For this purpose, we developed a disease‐specific questionnaire containing 52 items (mostly of scoring nature) patterned after previously validated instruments and organised into eight domains. Approval by the Human Ethical Committee and respondents' consent were obtained. We analysed the scores for all domains and dogs. The effect of different variables on the HRQOL score was determined via log‐rank test and Pearson correlation. Scores for all included dogs (range, 0–235 points) were totaled, with a higher number of points indicating a better HRQOL. The dogs included in this study yielded a mean score of 200.6 points (range, 176–227 points), implying a good overall quality of life. There were no significant associations between individual parameters and outcomes. Our questionnaire represents a structured tool for the specific evaluation of postoperative HRQOL in dogs with meningioma, placing a minimal burden on respondents. Few instruments have been developed to assess animal welfare in a disease‐specific context. Implementing these tools, however, is essential to accurately evaluate not only the impact of treatments on biologic parameters, but also their implications on patient welfare. Thus, treatment plans may consider HRQOL for a more comprehensive clinical decision‐making process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: To explore the extent to which teledentistry (TD) content is incorporated into Canadian dental and dental hygiene curricula. Methods: An anonymous survey was distributed among all 10 dental and 35 dental hygiene programs across Canada in June and July 2022. The survey focused on TD teaching (methods employed, content taught, and barriers to TD education), with descriptive (frequency, maximum, minimum, mean) and inferential (Pearson chi‐square for odds ratio test) data analyses using SPSS. A ρ − value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Thirty‐four programs responsed to the survey, including all dental (n = 10) and 68% (n = 24) of dental hygiene programs; eighteen reported having TD content, including three dental programs. An average of 9.22 ± 4.86 h was reported for teaching TD, with lecture format as the most employed approach and using TD in dental practice as the most covered topic. While 53% of the dental hygiene programs employed formative and summative assessments, only one dental program reported having assessment for this content. Moreover, programs that dedicated less than 9 h to teaching this content were less likely to address more than seven topics (Odds ratio (OR) = 0.14). Conclusion: The dental and dental hygiene programs in Canada differ in their offering TD education, and 30% of the dental and 62.5% of the surveyed dental hygiene programs addressed TD content. This scarcity emphasizes the necessity for incorporating such content in future curriculum planning to consequently decrease the lack of knowledge, an identified barrier to TD implementation in education and practice, as today's students will be future educators. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Digital technologies are continuously improving the accuracy and quality of maxillofacial prosthetics, but their impact on patients remains unclear. This cross‐sectional study aimed to analyze the impact of facial prosthetics service provision, patients' perception, and digital technology on prostheses construction. Materials and Methods: All patients who presented for evaluation and management of facial defects between January 2021 and December 2021 at the ENT clinic were eligible for study enrollment. Patients requiring prosthetic reconstruction of their missing facial parts were included in the study. Forty‐five questionnaires were delivered, inquiring about the patients' prosthetic demographics, prosthesis manufacture using 3D technologies, and their perceptions and attitudes. Results: A total of 37 patients responded (29 males, eight females; mean age 20.50 years). The congenital cause was the highest among other causes (p = 0.001) with auricular defects being the highest (p = 0.001). A total of 38 prostheses were constructed and 17 prostheses were retained by 36 craniofacial implants (p = 0.014). The auricular and orbital implants success rates were 97% and 25%, respectively. The implant locations were digitally planned pre‐operatively. Digital 3D technologies of defect capture, data designing, and 3D modeling were used and perceived as helpful and comfortable (p = 0.001). Patients perceived their prosthesis as easy to handle, suited them, and they felt confident with it (p = 0.001). They wore it for more than 12 h daily (p = 0.001). They were not worried that it would be noticed, and found it comfortable and stable during various activities (p = 0.001). Implant‐retained prosthesis patients were more satisfied with it, and found it easy to handle and stable (p = 0.001). Conclusions: Congenital defects are the main cause of facial defects in the study country. The overall acceptance of maxillofacial prostheses was good, showing high patient perception and satisfaction. Ocular and implant‐retained silicone prostheses are better handled, more stable, and the latter is more satisfying than traditional adhesive prostheses. Digital technologies save time and effort invested in manufacturing facial prostheses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Morphea, also known as localized scleroderma, is an inflammatory sclerosing disorder of uncertain pathogenesis that affects the skin and underlying tissues. In the pediatric population, the disease often runs a chronic course with a high risk for irreversible sequelae; as such, patients often require long‐term monitoring. The objective of this study is to develop a multi‐center, consensus‐based electronic medical record template for pediatric morphea patient visits using a modified Delphi method of iterative surveys. By facilitating consistent data collection and interpretation across medical centers and patient populations, this template may improve patient care for pediatric patients with morphea. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: To describe the frequency and impact of oral lesions and professional dental care costs in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) (i.e., Crohn disease [CD] or ulcerative colitis [UC]) compared to matched controls). Methods: IBD patients and matched controls were surveyed on general anamnestic information, eating and drinking habits, and oral health‐ and dental care‐related questions; IBD patients were additionally surveyed on oral lesions. Problems related to oral lesions and the amount of money spent for professional dental care in the past 12 months were defined as primary outcome parameters. Results: Answers from 1108 IBD patients and 3429 controls were analyzed. About 30% of the patients indicated having had problems with oral lesions, with CD patients having 46% higher odds and having them more often in a generalized form compared to UC patients. Further, self‐reported severe periodontitis increased the odds of having oral lesions by almost 2.3‐times. However, only about 12.5% of IBD patients were informed by their physician about oral lesions and about 10% indicated receiving treatment for them. Compared to controls, IBD patients required more often dental treatment and spent more money; specifically, UC and CD patients had 27 and 89% higher odds, respectively, for having spent ≥3000 DKK (ca. 440 USD) at the dentist compared to controls. Conclusions: IBD patients have more often oral health problems and higher expenses for professional dental care compared to matched controls. This included problems with IBD‐related oral lesions, but these are rarely addressed by the medical or dental team. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Prurigo nodularis (PN) is a chronic inflammatory skin disorder with a high disease burden. In this cross‐sectional, web‐based survey, Global Questions (GQ), the Numerical Rating Scales (NRS) for pruritus, burning sensation and sleep disturbance, the Short‐Form‐8 (SF‐8) Health Survey, Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI), Patient Health Questionnaire 9 (PHQ‐9), Work Productivity and Activity Impairment (WPAI), and Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire for Medication–9 (TSQM‐9) scores were used to assess the current disease burden and treatment satisfaction among patients with PN in Japan. In total, 97 patients were included (55.7% male, median age 51 years, median duration of PN 36 months). Based on GQ scores, 35.1% of patients had mild disease, 50.5% moderate, and 14.4% severe disease. Disease burden increased as the severity of PN increased, as indicated by worsening of pruritus NRS scores and quality of life (DLQI, PHQ‐9, WPAI presenteeism, work productivity loss, and activity impairment scores). Patients with comorbid atopic dermatitis (AD) also had more intense pruritus than those without AD. Mean ± standard deviation TSQM‐9 scores for effectiveness, convenience, and global satisfaction were 54.7 ± 18.1%, 62.4 ± 15.2%, and 57.4 ± 15.9%, respectively. TSQM‐9 scores were lowest in patients receiving the most intensive guideline‐directed treatment (i.e., topical corticosteroids + systemic oral corticosteroids or cyclosporine), highlighting an unmet need for more effective treatment options for patients with PN. In summary, Japanese patients with PN reported increased disease burden and reduced treatment satisfaction with increased disease severity, despite the use of guideline‐recommended therapies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Most rapid repeat pregnancies, defined as those occurring within 18 months of a previous birth, are unintended. These pregnancies are associated with later initiation of prenatal care and are more common among people with lower socio‐economic status and among racially and ethnically minoritised populations. Objectives: To assess prevalence and correlate pregnancies occurring in the immediate period after a live birth in the United States, using the Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System (PRAMS). Methods: We assessed data from the 2009–2020 PRAMS, a population‐based survey of perinatal maternal characteristics of mothers of liveborn infants in US locations. We assessed pregnancies reported during the immediate postpartum period (approximately 2–6 months post‐delivery), and term this 'very rapid repeat pregnancy' (VRRP). We assessed the adjusted prevalence of VRRP from 2009 to 2020. From 2016 to 2020, we calculated adjusted prevalence ratios (aPR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) for maternal characteristics. Results: The adjusted prevalence of VRRP ranged from 0.38% (95% CI: 0.29, 0.48) in 2009 to 0.76% (95% CI: 0.61, 0.91) in 2020. Demographic characteristics associated with VRRP included younger age, lower educational attainment, and being unmarried. Black mothers had a higher prevalence of VRRP compared to white mothers. Mothers who attended a healthcare visit in the 12 months preconception had a lower prevalence of VRRP as did mothers who attended a postpartum check‐up, compared to their counterparts without these visits. Among those receiving prenatal care, mothers whose prenatal healthcare provider asked about postpartum contraception birth had a lower prevalence of VRRP, compared to those not asked about postpartum contraception. Conclusions: VRRP appeared to increase over time in 2009–2020. Mothers who are younger, Black, have lower educational attainment, or who did not attend healthcare visits before or after pregnancy had a higher prevalence of VRRP and may comprise a population who would benefit from additional family planning resources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

INTRODUCTION: South Asian (SA) and East Asian (EA) older adults represent the fastest‐growing racial/ethnic groups of Americans at risk for dementia. While recruiting older SA adults into a brain health study, we encountered unexpected hesitancy toward structural brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) analysis and stigmatizing attitudes related to internal locus of control (LoC) for future dementia risks. We hypothesized that support for MRI‐related research was influenced by these attitudes as well as personal MRI experience, perceived MRI safety, and concerns for personal risk for future dementia/stroke. METHODS: We developed a brief cross‐sectional survey to assess older adults' MRI experiences and perceptions, desire to learn of six incidental findings of increasing impact on health, and attitudes related to dementia (including LoC) and research participation. We recruited a convenience sample of 256 respondents (74% reporting as 50+) from the New Jersey/New York City area to complete the survey (offered in English, Chinese, Korean, and Spanish) and modeled the proportional odds (PO) for favorable attitudes toward research activities. RESULTS: Seventy‐seven SA and 84 EA respondents were analyzed alongside 95 White, Black, or Hispanic adults. White (PO = 2.54, p = 0.013) and EA (PO = 2.14, p = 0.019) respondents were both more likely than SA respondents to endorse healthy volunteers' participation in research, and the difference between White and SA respondents was mediated by the latter's greater internal LoC for dementia risks. EA respondents had more worries for future dementia/stroke than SA respondents (p = 0.006) but still shared SA respondents' lower wish (measured by proportion of total) to learn of incidental MRI findings. DISCUSSION: SA—and EA compared to SA—older adults had low desire to learn of incidental MRI findings but had different attitudes toward future dementia/stroke risks. A culturally appropriate protocol to disclose incidental MRI findings may improve SA and EA participation in brain health research. Highlights: Older Asian Americans have limited interest in incidental findings on research MRISouth Asians are most likely to attribute dementia to people's own behaviorsSouth Asians' attitudes mediate lower support for healthy volunteers in researchSouth and East Asians differ in dementia worries and research‐related attitudes [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Direct access to physiotherapy has been introduced in several countries. In France, the healthcare system is evolving towards its introduction; however, no study has described the ability of physiotherapists in this context. Objective: To describe the ability of physiotherapists practicing in France to formulate correct diagnostic hypotheses and make appropriate management decisions using clinical vignettes. Methods: Pre‐existing validated clinical vignettes were used and integrated into a numerical questionnaire. The percentages of correct answers were calculated from the results concerning the choice of diagnostic hypothesis and the management decision, both overall and for the three different patient categories: musculoskeletal, non‐critical medical, and critical medical. Results: Four hundred eighty‐two participants (1.7%) responded to the study. For the formulation of a diagnostic hypothesis, there were 43.0% (415/964), 26.6% (128/482), and 17.8% (86/482) correct answers respectively for the musculoskeletal, non‐critical medical, and critical medical categories. For management decisions, there were 60.8% (586/964), 61.6% (297/482), and 85.1% (410/482) correct answers respectively for the same categories. Conclusions: Our results related to the management decision were better than those for the diagnostic hypothesis, especially for the critical medical category. There is still room for improvement. It might be interesting to support this initial study by using more clinical vignettes validated in a French context. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Clinical guidelines improve outcomes, but poor compliance with recommendations is common. Insight into perceived barriers and enablers to the implementation of guidelines can engage maternity care providers and inform strategies for effective implementation. Aim: To identify the perceived barriers and enablers to implementing the 2020 'Induction of Labour [IOL] in Aotearoa New Zealand; a Clinical Practice Guideline.' Materials and Methods: Electronic anonymous survey of clinical leaders in midwifery, obstetrics, and neonatology in New Zealand, from August to November 2021. Recruitment of participants was initially through provided lists of national clinical leads, followed by chain sampling. Results: There were 32 of 89 surveys returned (36%). The most frequently identified enablers were implementation tools such as 'standardised IOL request form' and 'peer review process,' and administrative support and dedicated time. Six maternity hospitals already had peer review in place, whereby IOL requests that did not adhere to guidelines were reviewed by a multidisciplinary group of senior colleagues or peers, with individual feedback to the referring clinician. Attitudes in the form of 'existing systems, routines and culture' was the most frequently identified barrier, followed by external barriers such as 'lack of human resources.' Conclusions: Overall, few barriers were identified to implementing this guideline, and some of the key enablers were already in place. The identified enablers warrant future research to develop and evaluate effectiveness in improving outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Resin‐bonded fixed dental prostheses (RBFDPs) cemented at an increased occlusal vertical dimension (OVD) (the Dahl concept) to create space for a metal retainer remains controversial because of the lack of reported clinical studies. This study analyzed the demographic (age and sex) and clinical factors (location and arch of prosthesis) affecting the patients' perception of RBFDPs cemented at an increased OVD. Material and Methods: Twenty‐eight participants treated with cantilevered RBFDP at an increased OVD were prospectively recruited. They were asked to answer a validated patient satisfaction questionnaire based on six parameters during the 12‐week review visit. Results: 71.4% of the participants were completely satisfied with the color, shape, and function. Twenty‐one (75%) participants reported no complaints about the prostheses. 89.3% will recommend this treatment option to others. There was a significant difference between males and females in avoiding loading on the prostheses (p = 0.015). The level of satisfaction did not differ by age, ethnicity, location, and arch of the prostheses (p > 0.05). Conclusions: Patient satisfaction toward RBFDP cemented by using the Dahl approach was generally high on all the parameters at the 12‐week review visit. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Preterm delivery (PTD) includes three main presenting subtypes: spontaneous preterm labour (sPTL), preterm premature rupture of membranes (pPROM) and clinician-initiated preterm delivery (ciPTD). PTD subtype data are rarely available from birth registries and are onerous to derive from medical records. Objectives: To develop and test the validity of a questionnaire to classify PTD subtype based on birthing parent recall of labour and delivery events. Methods: The questionnaire was sent in 2022 to 581 patients with PTD history documented in the LIFECODES study, a hospital-based birth cohort in Boston, Massachusetts. Eighty-two respondents reported 94 PTDs that could be linked to medical records. Data on PTD subtype were extracted from medical records as the reference standard. Results: Medical records indicated 47 spontaneous (24 sPTL, 23 pPROM) and 47 ciPTD deliveries occurring a median eight years earlier. The sensitivity and specificity of the recall questionnaire were 88% (95% confidence interval: 68, 97%) and 89% (79, 95%) for sPTL; 96% (78, 100%) and 94% (86, 98%) for pPROM; and 83% (69, 92%) and 100% (92, 100%) for ciPTD, respectively. Greater time since pregnancy did not degrade the sensitivity or specificity of the parental recall questionnaire. Conclusions: Although derived from a modest sample, the moderate-to-high sensitivity and specificity of the parental recall questionnaire to classify sPTL, pPROM and ciPTD demonstrates its potential for large studies of PTD and for correction of misclassification bias. Future studies are required to test the questionnaire in a variety of populations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Melanoma is a significant cause of cancer death, despite being detectable without specialized or invasive technologies. Understanding barriers to preventive behaviors such as skin self‐examination (SSE) could help to define interventions for increasing the frequency of early detection. To determine melanoma knowledge and beliefs across three high‐incidence US states, 15,000 surveys were sent to a population‐representative sample. We aimed to assess (1) melanoma literacy (i.e., knowledge about melanoma risks, attitudes, and preventive behaviors) and (2) self‐reported SSE and its association with melanoma literacy, self‐efficacy, and belief in the benefits of SSE. Of 2326 respondents, only 21.2% provided responses indicating high knowledge of melanoma, and 62.8% reported performing an SSE at any time in their lives. Only 38.3% and 7.3% reported being "fairly" or "very" confident about doing SSE, respectively. SSE performance among respondents was most strongly associated with higher melanoma knowledge, higher self‐efficacy, and personal history of melanoma. Melanoma literacy among survey respondents was modest, with greater literacy associated with a higher likelihood of reported preventive behavior. This assessment establishes a baseline and provides guidance for public health campaigns designed to increase prevention and early detection of this lethal cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The first metatarsophalangeal joint is the most common site of osteoarthritis (OA) in the foot and ankle. Intra-articular corticosteroid injections are widely used for this condition, but little is known about their use in practice. This study explored current practice within the UK National Health Service (NHS) relating to the administration of intra-articular corticosteroids for people with painful first metatarsophalangeal joint (MTPJ) OA. Methods: A cross-sectional survey using Qualtrics online survey platform (Qualtrics, Provo, UT, USA), distributed through professional bodies, special interest groups, and social media. Results: One hundred forty-four healthcare professionals responded, including podiatrists (53/144; 39%), orthopaedic surgeons (28/144; 19%), podiatric surgeons (26/144; 17%) and physiotherapists (24/144; 16%). Half of respondents administered up to 25 corticosteroid injections per year (67/136; 49%) but some administered more than fifty (21/136; 15%). Injections were administered across the healthcare system but were most common in hospital settings (64/136; 44%) followed by community (38/136; 26%), with less delivered in primary care (11/136; 8%). Half of respondents routinely used image-guidance, either ultrasound or x-ray/fluoroscopy (65/136; 48%) although over one third used none (52/136; 38%). Imaging guidance was more common amongst medical professionals (21/31; 68%) compared to non-medical health professionals (45/105; 43%). Overall, methylprednisolone acetate was the most common corticosteroid used. Medical professionals mostly injected methylprednisolone acetate (n = 15/27; 56%) or triamcinolone acetonide (n = 11/27; 41%), whereas premixed methylprednisolone acetate with lidocaine hydrochloride was the most common preparation used by non-medical health professionals (41/85; 48%). When injecting non premixed steroid, lidocaine hydrochloride (15/35; 43%) was the most common choice of local anaesthetic for non-medical health professionals but medical professionals showed more variation between lidocaine hydrochloride (8/23; 35%) levobupivacaine hydrochloride (9/23; 39%) and bupivacaine hydrochloride (5/23; 22%). Conclusions: Multiple professional groups regularly administer intra-articular corticosteroids for symptomatic first MTPJ OA across a range of NHS healthcare settings. Overall, methylprednisolone acetate was the most commonly administered steroid and lidocaine hydrochloride the most common local anaesthetic. There was large variation in the use of imaging guidance, type and dose of steroid, local anaesthetic, and clinical pathways used in the intra-articular injection of corticosteroids for people with first MTPJ OA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Despite many available treatments for Peyronie's disease (PD), practice patterns of available therapeutics are not well characterized. Objective: We conducted a national survey of urologists to characterize real‐world practice patterns of PD management and to characterize the use of therapies discouraged by the American Urological Association guidelines on PD management. Materials and methods: A 34‐item survey was distributed via RedCap to urologists who treat patients with PD in all American Urological Association sections. Questions elicited demographic information as well as practices in the diagnosis and treatment of PD. Comparisons were made with Pearson's chi‐squared test. The primary outcome was reported use of therapies discouraged by the American Urological Association guidelines on PD. Results: A total of 145 respondents completed the survey, of whom 19% were fellowship trained in andrology/sexual medicine, 36% practiced in an academic setting, and 50% had at least 20 years in practice. Only 60% of respondents reporting performing in‐office curvature assessment prior to commencing intralesional injection or surgical treatment, with higher prevalence in andrology/sexual medicine fellowship‐trained versus non‐fellowship‐trained urologists (85% vs. 54%, p = 0.003). The most popular treatment modalities were collagenase clostridium histolyticum (61% of respondents), phosphodiesterase‐5 inhibitors (54%), and penile traction (53%). Twenty‐one percent of respondents reported currently using a treatment that is explicitly discouraged by the American Urological Association guidelines (extracorporeal shockwave therapy for curvature, L‐carnitine, omega‐3 fatty acids, or vitamin E). Discussion: Patients seeking PD treatment may be offered different therapies, some of which are not evidence‐based, depending on the treating urologist. This study is limited by self‐selection and response bias. Its strength is that it represents a cross‐sectional overview of real‐world practice patterns in PD management, which has not been previously described. Conclusions: A significant proportion of urologists reported PD management practices that are not evidence‐based and not guideline‐supported. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Patient‐reported data can improve quality of healthcare delivery and patient outcomes. Moffitt Cancer Center ("Moffitt") administers the Electronic Patient Questionnaire (EPQ) to collect data on demographics, including sexual orientation and gender identity (SOGI), medical history, cancer risk factors, and quality of life. Here we investigated differences in EPQ completion by demographic and cancer characteristics. Methods: An analysis including 146,142 new adult patients at Moffitt in 2009–2020 was conducted using scheduling, EPQ and cancer registry data. EPQ completion was described by calendar year and demographics. Logistic regression was used to estimate associations between demographic/cancer characteristics and EPQ completion. More recently collected information on SOGI were described. Results: Patient portal usage (81%) and EPQ completion rates (79%) were consistently high since 2014. Among patients in the cancer registry, females were more likely to complete the EPQ than males (odds ratio [OR] = 1.17, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.14–1.20). Patients ages 18–64 years were more likely to complete the EPQ than patients aged ≥65. Lower EPQ completion rates were observed among Black or African American patients (OR = 0.59, 95% CI = 0.56–0.63) as compared to Whites and among patients whose preferred language was Spanish (OR = 0.40, 95% CI = 0.36–0.44) or another language as compared to English. Furthermore, patients with localized (OR = 1.16, 95% CI = 1.12–1.19) or regional (OR = 1.16, 95% CI = 1.12–1.20) cancer were more likely to complete the EPQ compared to those with metastatic disease. Less than 3% of patients self‐identified as being lesbian, gay, or bisexual and <0.1% self‐identified as transgender, genderqueer, or other. Conclusions: EPQ completion rates differed across demographics highlighting opportunities for targeted process improvement. Healthcare organizations should evaluate data acquisition methods to identify potential disparities in data completeness that can impact quality of clinical care and generalizability of self‐reported data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims: Improving hospital nutrition and mealtime care is complex and often requires multifaceted interventions and implementation strategies to change how staff, wards and systems operate. This study aimed to develop and validate a staff questionnaire to identify multilevel barriers and enablers to optimal nutrition and mealtime care on hospital wards, to inform and evaluate local quality improvement. Methods: Literature review, multidisciplinary focus groups and end‐user testing informed questionnaire development and establishment of content and face validity. To determine the construct validity, the questionnaire was administered to ward staff working in five wards across two facilities (acute hospital, rehabilitation unit). Exploratory factor analysis was used to estimate the number of factors and to guide decisions about whether to retain or reject individual items. Scale reliability was assessed using Cronbach's alpha. Results: The questionnaire was completed by 138 staff, with most respondents being nurses (57%) and working in the acute care facility (76%). Exploratory factor analysis supported construct validity of four of the original seven subscales. The final questionnaire consisted of 17 items and 4 sub sub‐scales related to (1) Personal Staff Role; (2) Food Service; (3) Organisational Support, and (4) Family Involvement; each sub‐scale demonstrated good reliability with Cronbach's alpha values all >0.70. Conclusion: This novel and brief questionnaire shows good reliability and preliminary evidence of construct validity in this small sample. It provides a potentially useful instrument to identify barriers and enablers to nutrition and mealtime care from the staff perspective and inform where improvement efforts should be focused. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The real‐world status of satisfaction with medication for dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB) has not been elucidated. We assessed the satisfaction of patients with DLB, their caregivers, and their attending physicians (trios) with medication according to the clinical symptom domains of DLB. Methods: This was a subanalysis of a cross‐sectional, questionnaire‐based, survey study of trios. The subanalysis set comprised analysis populations for cognitive impairment, parkinsonism, psychiatric symptoms, sleep‐related disorders, and autonomic dysfunction (orthostatic hypotension, constipation, and dysuria). These analysis populations included trios of patients who had any symptom domain and took medication for each symptom domain, and for which all trio data on satisfaction with medication for the symptom domain were available. The degrees of satisfaction with medication were classified as 'satisfied', 'neutral', or 'dissatisfied'. Results: The analysis set for this study included 110 trios for cognitive impairment, 62 for parkinsonism, 47 for psychiatric symptoms, 29 for sleep‐related disorders, none for orthostatic hypotension, 11 for constipation, and seven for dysuria. There were no statistically significant differences in the degree of satisfaction with medication for symptom domains other than parkinsonism and dysuria between patients–caregivers, patients–physicians, and caregivers–physicians. Regarding satisfaction with medication for parkinsonism, significantly more physicians than patients answered 'satisfied' (75.8% vs. 51.6%), and significantly more patients than physicians answered 'neutral' (35.5% vs. 14.5%) (P = 0.013). Regarding satisfaction with medication for dysuria, significantly more caregivers than physicians answered 'satisfied' (100% vs. 28.6%, P = 0.038). Conclusions: Satisfaction with medication for symptom domains other than parkinsonism and dysuria was similar among trios. Our results suggest that physicians should pay more attention to patients' satisfaction with medication for parkinsonism, and to caregivers' satisfaction with medication for dysuria to help prevent undermedication. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]