Search

Objective: The objective of this study was to utilise a new methodological approach based on radiographic examinations to demonstrate a potential association between coronary heart diseases (CHD) as well as severe hypertension and alveolar bone loss (ABL) in older adults.Background: Many studies, primarily assessing clinical parameters, underline the association between periodontal diseases and cardiovascular diseases. The relationship between ABL and CHD/vascular diseases (VD) is potentially of high importance because of their prevalence in populations, and they represent an important issue in the fields of epidemiology and public health. Therefore, this topic was approached with new tools.Materials and Methods: The study was comprised of 236 participants over 50 years. A clinical examination and a radiographic assessment of ABL were performed. Direct measures of alveolar bone level were recorded using CT scans, and different variables were studied (age, sex, Plaque index, cigarettes per day, coronary heart disease and vascular disease status). A medical examination report was attached to the investigation file.Results: The results confirmed a positive association between CHD/VD and periodontal destruction; alveolar bone destruction represented a risk factor for CHD/VD [odds ratio (OR): 1.27; 95% CI: 1.01-1.60; p < 0.037].Conclusion: This study supports an association between periodontal diseases and CHD/VD independent of known confounders, although an aetiological link of causality has not been established. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives The goal of this study was to assess the reproducibility of an innovative method for facial analysis with three-dimensional-stereophotogrammetry (3D-spg). Methods Twelve subjects with no obvious malocclusion participated in this study. For each of them, four photographs were acquired using the LifeVizTM, an absolute calibration 3D-spg system. The facial reconstructions were analyzed with the DermaPixTM image management software. Two different operators recorded distances between landmarks and each operator repeated the measurements after one week. The intra- and inter-examiner reproducibilities were assessed using the Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC). Results This study showed reproducible intra and inter-examiners results for facial measurements (ICC comprised between 0.732 and 0.976) except for measurements that involve the inner part of the dental corridor (ICC comprised between 0.598 and 0.914). Conclusion The measurements recorded by 3D-LifeVizTM system are accurate and reliable for research and clinical use. Moreover, it is simple and inexpensive compared with other 3D methods (laser scanner, 3D Computed Tomography, and 3D Cone Beam CT). Clinical Significance The inter- and intra-operator reliability of the LifeVizTM 3D-spg method was demonstrated. The LifeVizTM 3D-spg method might be a useful method to accomplish indirect 3D measurements that are relevant to dental and facial diagnosis. (J Esthet Restor Dent, 2016) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Gender determination is a fundamental issue in forensic anthropology. Many techniques based on bone and dental remains have been proposed. It is not always possible to implement the techniques using bones, but teeth are often perfectly preserved. It has been demonstrated that the canine has the greatest sexual dimorphism, and the aim of this work was to provide an easy and accurate dental technique for determining the gender in the absence of other skeletal elements. The sample was composed of 210 CT scans with four healthy canines. The 840 canines were modeled using MIMICS® 10.01 software. The total volume of each tooth was determined. Seven mathematical models were determined by binary logistic regressions and ranked in order of relative performance. The seven proposed predictive models thus performed (0.910 ≤ AUC ≤ 0.938), with overall rates of correct predictions between 82.38 and 85.24%. The 4-canine model is the most powerful for predicting the gender. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this study was to utilize a new odontological methodological approach based on radiographic for age estimation. The study was comprised of 397 participants aged between 9 and 87 years. A clinical examination and a radiographic assessment of alveolar bone loss were performed. Direct measures of alveolar bone level were recorded using CT scans. A medical examination report was attached to the investigation file. Because of the link between alveolar bone loss and age, a model was proposed to enable simple, reliable, and quick age estimation. This work added new arguments for age estimation. This study aimed to develop a simple, standardized, and reproducible technique for age estimation of adults of actual populations in forensic medicine and ancient populations in funeral anthropology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this study was to establish a prediction formula to allow for the determination of sex among the southeastern French population using dental measurements. The sample consisted of 105 individuals (57 males and 48 females, aged between 18 and 25 years). Dental measurements were calculated using Euclidean distances, in three-dimensional space, from point coordinates obtained by a Microscribe. A multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to establish the prediction formula. Among 12 selected dental distances, a stepwise logistic regression analysis highlighted the two most significant discriminate predictors of sex: one located at the mandible and the other at the maxilla. A cutpoint was proposed to prediction of true sex. The prediction formula was then tested on a validation sample (20 males and 34 females, aged between 18 and 62 years and with a history of orthodontics or restorative care) to evaluate the accuracy of the method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Canines are usually used in anthropological and forensic sciences for sex and age determination. The best methods to estimate age are based on secondary dentine apposition, evaluated from periapical X-rays. The aim of this study was to propose a new method of sex and age estimation using 3D models to obtain more precise predictions using tooth volumes. Fifty-eight dental CT scans of patients aged 14-74 with a well-balanced sex ratio composed the sample. One hundred and thirty-three healthy canines were modeled (Mimics 12.0). The sample was divided into a training sample and a validation sample. An age formula was determined using the 'pulp volume/tooth volume' ratio. Sex prediction was adjusted with total volumes. Applying the equations to the validation sample, no significant difference was found between the real and predicted ages, and 100% of the sex predictions were correct. This preliminary study gives interesting results, and this method is worth being tested on a larger data sample. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The few available studies on fetal age estimation concern very small samples, and statistical analysis is sometimes inadequate. In this survey, we used germs of deciduous teeth to estimate fetal age. Forty-nine fetuses and 40 mandibles were scanned, and observations and measurements were made on DentaScan images. After checking their repeatability and reproducibility (analysis of variance), we defined thresholds using Fisher's linear discriminant analysis to calculate the probability that a fetus was over or below a predefined age threshold. The forensic threshold which is of particular interest in France is 22 weeks amenorrhea. Relationships between fetal age and deciduous germ measurements were then sought by multiple linear regression. The thresholds gave very good results: 91.84% of good probability for the threshold of 22 weeks amenorrhea with no chance of error. The most precise age evaluation obtained nevertheless gave a range of ±4.6 weeks amenorrhea, so greater accuracy is still needed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: The aim of the present study was to create a tool to evaluate the risk of peri‐implantitis according its severity. Methods: After ethics committee approval, 43 patients provided signed consent and were included prospectively. Forty‐five observations were recorded. The following criteria were recorded: number of implant faces showing bleeding and/or suppuration, pocket depth on at least two faces of the implant, bone loss as a function of the length of the implant evaluated on X‐rays, number of implant faces with bacterial plaque, the parameters required for determination of excess cement (screwed or sealed prosthesis, burying of sealed prostheses), periodontal status, glycemia, and annual consumption of tobacco. Each of these parameters was plotted on a chart using Microsoft Excel. Results: Seventeen of 45 (37.8%) cases were identified as having high peri‐implantitis risk, two of 45 (4.4%) had low risk, and 11 of 45 (24.4%) had moderate risk; 33.3% patients did not have peri‐implantitis and were considered at very low risk. Conclusion: The observed results applied to the evaluation model are an effective diagnostic tool in assessing the risk of peri‐implantitis. The tool takes into account parameters, which have not been taken into account until now. The information is automatically processed and allows early management of peri‐implantitis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A response by Delphine Tardivo to a letter to the editor about his article "Three-dimensional modeling of the various volumes of canines to determine age and sex: a preliminary study," in the 2011 issue, is presented.