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Background: Diabetic Striatopathy (DS) is a rare complication of a poor‐controlled Diabetes Mellitus consisting of sudden onset of movement disorders. To date, there is still poor knowledge about the pathogenesis. Case: We describe a 79 year old men affected by sudden onset hemichoreic movements whose cause was a non‐ketotic hyperglycaemia diagnosed despite the normal blood glucose levels thanks to brain CT and magnetic resonance imaging. Then, we introduce a new magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) finding never described until today which allowed us to produce a new pathogenetic theory of a phenomenon still without definitive explanations. Literature Review: We performed a review of DS cases using the Medline database and we extracted main data regarding imaging findings. Conclusions: Thanks to our MRS we show new imaging findings never described until today, with a new pathogenetic explanation, since all the causative hypotheses produced during the past years have never found evidence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: To date, a few studies have systematically investigated differences in the clinical spectrum between acquired and idiopathic dystonias. Objectives: To compare demographic data and clinical features in patients with adult‐onset acquired and idiopathic dystonias. Methods: Patients were identified from among those included in the Italian Dystonia Registry, a multicenter Italian dataset of patients with adult‐onset dystonia. Study population included 116 patients with adult‐onset acquired dystonia and 651 patients with isolated adult‐onset idiopathic dystonia. Results: Comparison of acquired and idiopathic dystonia revealed differences in the body distribution of dystonia, with oromandibular dystonia, limb and trunk dystonia being more frequent in patients with acquired dystonia. The acquired dystonia group was also characterized by lower age at dystonia onset, greater tendency to spread, lower frequency of head tremor, sensory trick and eye symptoms, and similar frequency of neck pain associated with CD and family history of dystonia/tremor. Conclusions: The clinical phenomenology of dystonia may differ between acquired and idiopathic dystonia, particularly with regard to the body localization of dystonia and the tendency to spread. This dissimilarity raises the possibility of pathophysiological differences between etiologic categories. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]