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Summary: Interleukin‐35 (IL‐35) is a recently identified heterodimeric cytokine in the IL‐12 family. It consists of an IL‐12 subunit α chain (P35) and IL‐27 subunit Epstein–Barr virus‐induced gene 3 (EBI3) β chain. Unlike the other IL‐12 family members, it signals through four unconventional receptors: IL‐12Rβ2–IL‐27Rα, IL‐12Rβ2–IL‐12Rβ2, IL‐12Rβ2–GP130, and GP130–GP130. Interleukin‐35 signaling is mainly carried out through the signal transducer and activator of transcription family of proteins. It is secreted not only by regulatory T (Treg) cells, but also by CD8+ Treg cells, activated dendritic cells and regulatory B cells. It exhibits immunosuppressive functions distinct from those of other members of the IL‐12 family; these are mediated primarily by the inhibition of T helper type 17 cell differentiation and promotion of Treg cell proliferation. Interleukin‐35 plays a critical role in several immune‐associated diseases, such as autoimmune diseases and viral and bacterial infections, as well as in tumors. In this review, we summarize the structure and function of IL‐35, describe its role in immune‐related disorders, and discuss the mechanisms by which it regulates the development and progression of diseases, including inflammatory bowel disease, collagen‐induced arthritis, allergic airway disease, hepatitis, and tumors. The recent research on IL‐35, combined with improved techniques of studying receptors and signal transduction pathways, allows for consideration of IL‐35 as a novel immunotherapy target. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new series of naphthalimide platinum(IV) compounds with dual DNA damage mechanism were designed, synthesized and evaluated for antitumor activities. The platinum(IV) compounds could combine with DNA and cause DNA damage via naphthalimide fragment. Then the platinum(II) complexes released in reductive microenvironment would cause remarkable secondary DNA lesions. Some title compounds exhibit good antitumor activities and are of great potential in overcoming the drug resistance of cisplatin. Furthermore, naphthalimide platinum(IV) complexes could effectively combine with HSA by electrostatic force, which would influence the drug distribution and bioactivities in vivo. Moreover, the accumulation of the tested platinum(IV) compounds in whole cells and DNA is remarkably enhanced in comparison with cisplatin and oxaliplatin. This article describes the design and synthesis of a new series of platinum(IV) compounds with dual DNA damage mechanism. Target compounds exhibited good antitumor activities and were of great potential in overcoming drug resistance. Moreover, they could effectively combine with HSA and further influence the drug distribution and bioactivities in vivo. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ATN‐type FeAPO‐39 molecular sieves with high iron content has been successfully synthesized under non‐solvent conditions, which is the first example of iron‐incorporated aluminophosphate with the ATN‐zeotype structure. The optimum synthetic conditions of this material were refined. It was found that the following synthetic conditions, i.e. a low P2O5/Al2O3 ratio, a high DPA/Al2O3 ratio (DPA: di‐n‐propylamine) and an elevated crystallization temperature, seemed to be more favorable for the non‐solvent synthesis of ATN phase. The composition and structural characteristics of resultant relatively pure FeAPO‐39 molecular sieves were intensively studied by XRD, FT‐IR, TG‐DTA, CHN elemental analysis, ICP‐AES, SEM, TEM, N2 physisorption, UV/Vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy and Mössbauer spectroscopy analyses. The iron content and zeolite yield of FeAPO‐39 material were found to be as high as 5.56 wt.‐% and 82.6 %, respectively. The results of FT‐IR, TG‐DTA and CHN elemental analysis indicate that DPA molecules may co‐direct the synthesis of ATN zeolites along with additional structure‐directing agent NH4+ ions resulting from iron source. Owing to the specific structure‐directing role provided by iron source, the synthetic strategy presented here may find a potential application in the non‐solvent synthesis of other aluminosilicate and aluminophosphate zeolites with novel frameworks. The incorporation of iron into the framework of ATN‐zeotype structure was achieved in non‐solvent system. DPA molecules and additional NH4+ ions resulting from iron compound act as the SDA. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]