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Patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) are at a higher risk of developing renal cell carcinoma (RCC) than the general population. In vitro and in vivo investigations of the effects of sodium glucose cotransporter‐2 inhibitors (SGLT2I) have shown a significantly reduced risk of RCC. However, the impact of these drugs on the incidence of RCC in the human population is unclear. This study aimed to examine the association between SGLT2I use and RCC risk in patients with T2D. We undertook a nationwide retrospective cohort study using the Health and Welfare Data Science Center database (2016–2020). The primary outcome was the risk of incident RCC by estimating hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Multiple Cox regression modeling was applied to analyze the association between SGLT2I use and RCC risk in patients with T2D. In a cohort of 241,772 patients with T2D who were using SGLT2Is and 483,544 participants who were not, 220 and 609 RCC cases, respectively, were recorded. The mean follow‐up period of the study subjects was 2 years. There was a decreased risk of RCC for SGLT2I users after adjusting for the index year, sex, age, comorbidities, and concurrent medication (adjusted HR 0.68; 95% CI, 0.58–0.81). The sensitivity test for the propensity score 1:1‐matched analyses showed similar results (adjusted HR 0.67; 95% CI, 0.55–0.81). The subgroup analysis revealed consistent results for sex, age (<70 years), and comorbidity with chronic kidney disease. The present study indicates that SGLT2I therapy significantly decreases RCC risk in patients with T2D. This finding was also consistent among the sensitivity test and subgroup analysis for those with or without chronic kidney disease/hypertension. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article discusses a case of cutaneous angiosarcoma of the scalp and its dermoscopic findings. Cutaneous angiosarcoma is a rare and aggressive tumor that can invade locally and metastasize. The patient in this case was an 82-year-old woman who presented with a large erythematous plaque on her scalp, surrounded by punctate vessels. Dermoscopic examination revealed a polymorphous vascular pattern consisting of serpentine, hairpin-like, and comma-shaped vessels. The presence of these polymorphous vessels can serve as a useful diagnostic clue for angiosarcoma. Early recognition of these characteristic vessels may enable early diagnosis. [Extracted from the article]

Tuberculosis dactylitis (TD) is an uncommon manifestation of extrapulmonary tuberculosis involving the soft tissues and bones of fingers or toes.[1] This disease commonly occurs in children and immunocompromised patients and is indolent in nature.[1] Herein, we report a case of TD in an immunocompetent young man presenting as an isolated rapidly progressive swollen toe. There was no history of contact with farmland or patients with tuberculosis before the development of the lesion. This case highlights extrapulmonary tuberculosis manifesting as an isolated swollen toe in an immunocompetent patient. [Extracted from the article]

This article discusses a case of precursor B-cell lymphoblastic lymphoma (pB-LBL) in a 13-year-old Taiwanese boy. The boy presented with enlarging masses on the scalp and postauricular region. The diagnosis was confirmed through scalp and lymph node biopsies, which showed the presence of small-round-blue cells. The patient underwent multi-agent chemotherapy and achieved complete resolution of the masses. pB-LBL is a rare subtype of non-Hodgkin lymphoma that primarily affects children and adolescents. Early identification and prompt initiation of chemotherapy are crucial for a favorable prognosis. [Extracted from the article]